1. The author studied distribution and habitats of
Kalimeris indica in the region comprizing the Tane-ga-shima Island and the Osumi and the Satsuma Peninsulae of Kyushu. Morphological and cytological studies were made on approximately 200 clones collected from there and some other localities of the Nansei-shoto Islands.
2. Populations of
K. indica were observed in many localities of the Tane-ga-shima Island and the Osumi Peninsula. They occurred also in some localities of the Satsuma Peninsula. Beside the common type of
K. indica, hybrid types were found in the Tane-ga-shima Island and both of the peninsulae.
3. The common type was typical and constant in external morphology and ecological preferance, whereas the hybrid types were more variable and contained certain characters or character combinations which suggested their affinity to either a species of
Aster or
K.
yomena.
4. Most clones of the common type were hexaploids with 2n=54, while a few clones were aneuploids with 2n=52, 53, 55 and 56. Clones with 2n=54 were also the most typical of the hybrid types.
5. Somatic chromosomes of the common type were observed at prometaphase as well as at metaphase. The karyotype at metaphase showed no variation indicating geographical significance. Some of the chromosomes being similar to each other in appearance at metaphase were found to have different structural features at prometaphase.
6. The hybrid type which suggested its affinity to
K. yomena in some morphological characters was indistinguishable in karyotype from the common type of
K. india. The other hybrid type had karyotypes with or without large chromosomes from
Aster. The karyotype with large chromosomes was of unbalanced one, whereas those without large chromosomes were closely similar to that of the common type.
7. The common type showed regular meiosis, forming 27 bivalent chromosomes in the majority of PMCs. Meiosis was also regular in the clones of the hybrid types when they had karyotypes closely similar to that of the common type. Meiosis was highly irregular in the clones having large chromosomes from
Aster.
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