Twenty-two patients with chronic renal failure undergoing regular hemodialysis (1-3/W) were prescribed diets containing 2000 to 2400 Cal, 50 to 70 g of protein and 800 to 1000 ml of dietary water per day. In the anuric patients 3 to 5g of total salt and 200 to 400 ml as drinking water per day were indicated. The average dietary intakes of patients were 1365 Cal with 49 g of protein per day in 1970, 1600 Cal with 56 g in 1971, 1780 Cal with 65 g in 1972, and 1710 Cal with 70 g in 1973. In the period from 1971 to 1973 body weight and skinfold thickness of patients were slightly increased, while upper arm muscle diameter calculated from the latter was decreased in half the patients. Serum total protein concentration became increased, but serum albumin was not always increased. Hematocrit of patients remained 20% with little blood transfusion though anabolic steroid was used in short period. Plasma levels of essential amino acids except for phenylalanine and threonine or of glutamic acid, alanine, tyrosine and asparagine were depressed, while those of phenylalanine, glutamine, proline, glycine, ornithine, citrulline, 1-or 3-methylhistidine, histidine and taurine were elevated. In 1972, when dietary intakes of patients were increased, plasma essential amino acids became within normal concentrations except for phenylalanine. However, many non-essential amino acids showed elevated levels. Therefore, E/T, N/E and Gly/Val ratios of patients remained different from normal ones. The reduction of Tyr/Phe ratio or of His/3-MeHis ratio was also observed. Amino acid ratio (Gly+Ser+Glu(NH₂) +Tau/Leu+Ileu+Val+Met) became improved in 1972. More than 90% of the dialysed patients were able to work at their job in 1972. Conclusively, high calorie diet with 35-40 Cal/Kg/day, which contains 1g/Kg/day of protein for the hemodialysis patients of 2 times a week and 1.2-1.4g/Kg/day for those of 3 times a week, should be indicated for the improvement of nutritional states and the rehabilitation.

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A Benzeothiazepine derivative (CRD) was orally administered in the range of 60-120 mg per day to 12 patients with various renal diseases and 2 others. The results were as following. 1) Slight decrease of systolic pressure was shown in some cases after administration of CRD-401. 2) Urine volume and urinary excretion of electrolytes were increased in almost cases but a few chronic renal insufficiency. 3) Plasma renin activity was elevated about 2 fold as compared with the levels before administration of CRD-401. It seemed to us that the elevation of plasma renin activity was mainly due to the macula densa mechanism.

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Serial renoangiography was successful in 65 random patients with cerebral thrombosis (CT) and in the other 65 non-cerebrovascular (N-CVA) patients whose ages corresponded to that of the CT patients. It was reasonable to compare these 2 patient groups to each another, as the 2 groups were almost the same in body height, weight, serum total cholesterol and urea nitrogen. The abnormalities of length, diameter, meander and elasticity in the main renal artery were more frequent and more severe in the CT group than in the N-CVA group. And so, it is concluded that CT patients have the abnormalities not only in their cerebral arteries and cerebral circulation but also in their renal arteries and renal circulation. Almost the same was the case with nephrogram. Renovascular and nephrographic abnormalities were unbalanced between the right and left kidneys in CT patients, being more severe in the left kidney. The kidney is smaller and more slender in CT patients than in N-CVA patients. This suggests that renal shrinkage is more severe in the renal short axis. The respiratory change of linear length (distance) of the main renal artery was bigger in the CT patients with the movable kidney than in the N-CVA patients with the movable kidney. This may be a key to the investigation of the pathophysiological characteristics of the movable kidney of CT patients.

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