The Japanese Journal of Nephrology
Online ISSN : 1884-0728
Print ISSN : 0385-2385
ISSN-L : 0385-2385
Volume 17, Issue 1
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
  • K. Otokida, S. Minamizawa, S. Matsui, T. Sugawara, T. Kimura
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 1-7
    Published: January 30, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We determined plasma dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHA-S) levels in man, using technique of radioimmunoassay by the method of Nieschlag et al. Plasma DHA level increased at 2 hours after the intramuscular injection of ACTH (Cortrosyn), but plasma DHA-S level was not affected. Normal male and female subjects from 21 to 30 yrs. had higher plasma DHA and DHA-S levels than those of male and female subjects of other generations. And the high DHA and DHA-S levels were noted in normal male subjects from 21 to 30 yrs., compared to those of female subjects from 21 to 30 yrs. Plasma DHA and DHA-S levels of patients with essential hypertension were higher than those of normotensive patients in mean value. But there were similiarly no statistic diffecrences between the two groups of patients, as indicated by Shao et al.
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  • Kazuo Nigawara
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 9-29
    Published: January 30, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Previously, the author and coworkers have reported that the angiotensin formation reaction was more rapid when renin was incubated with crude renin substrate than when incubated with plasma, and that Lineweaver-Burk type plots of the two incubation systems showed the existence of a competitive inhibitor to renin-angio tensinogen reaction in plasma. However, there were differences of constituents between plasma and crude renin substrate, i. e., electrolytes, proteins, and lipids. It was the aim of this study to determine what effects were exerted upon the reaction by such differring components. Porcine plasma, dialyzed porcine plasma, and crude renin substrate partially purified from porcine plasma were employed as the source of the angiotensinogen, and these were incubated with renin solution prepared from porcine kidney at pH 5.5 in the presence of EDTA and DFP. The angiotensin produced was measured by means of rat bioassay. The results were as following. 1) In order to observe the influence of sodium concentration on the reaction, plasma, dialyzed plasma and crude renin substrate were incubated respectively with renin solution under various concentrations of sodium chloride. The maximum rate of reaction was reached at about 150 mM of sodium chloride in every case ; however the reaction was the most rapid when crude renin substrate was employed. 2) In the presence of 146 mM of sodium chloride, no effect was shown upon the reaction by successive additions of posassium chloride, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride within these physiological concentrations. 3) The rate of reaction decreased in proportion to the addition of porcine serum albumin or bovine γ-globulin. 4) The mode of influence of the bovine serum albumin for the reaction was examined by means of the Lineweaver-Burk type technique, and was shown to be competitive inhibition. 5) Crude lipid extracted from porcine plasma was added to renin-plasma or renin-crude renin substrate mixture, In neither incubation system did the lipid have any effect on the reaction. Furthermore, another crude lipid extracted from porcine kidney also had no effect on the reaction.
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  • Yoshiro Teranishi
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 31-46
    Published: January 30, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Since the early of this century many hypotheses have been reported about the cause of glucose intolerance of chronic renal failure. But any precise conclusion is not established yet. Therefore, studies concerning on the abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism of chronic renal failure have been carried out, The results are as follows. 1. The glucose decay constant (K-value) of decompensated renal failure was significantly deprssed but improved by undergoing regular hemodialysis, though not (improved) to the value of controls. From the points of improvement of K-value and normalization of insulin secretion in short-term hemodilysis, the existence of insulin antagoinstic substance in uremic patients are hypothesized. On the other hand, through the clinical results insulin/glucose ratio was high in the patients with decompensated renal failure but showed the tendency to be lowered in long-term hemodialysis (approximately over 12 months), and moreover, K-value and insulin sensitivity were improved, it is suggested that long-term hemodialysis may contribute to the improvement of peripheral tissue metabolism. 2. In patients with chronic renal failure hypertriglyceridemia was often observed and LPL activity was suppressed. It is suggested that the existence of LPL inhibitor is to be in the uremic serum and peritoneal dialysate. The inhibiotry effect was lowered by peritoneal dialysis, while it was increased in short-term hemodialysis and decreased in long-term hemodialysis. Decreased C 18 value was found in FFA and triglyceride by gas liquid chromatographic analysis. It seems highly probable that not the abnormal carbohydrate metabolism but the metabolic disturbances in chronic renal failure has the primary important relation, with the abnormality of lipid metabolism in chronic renal failure.
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  • —Hycruricemia in Chronic Glomerulonephritis—
    Yoshio Suzuki, Shigeko Hara, Nobuhide Mimura
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 47-56
    Published: January 30, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    On 203 cases of chronic nephritis, statistical studies were performed on serum uric acid (Pur) in relation to renal function (Ccr). Of the cases with Ccr greater than 50 ml/min (Ccr>50), 35% of male and 30% of female were revealed to be hyperuricemic, whereas in cases with Ccr less than 50 ml/min, Pur tended to rise while Pcr and BUN are still within normal range, consequently 97% of this group showed hyperuricemia. Thus an incidece of hyperuricemia is shown to be distinctly high in cases of chronic glomerulonephritis. Of all studied 203 cases, Pur was negatively correlated to Ccr, coefficient being -0.61. In the statistical calculation excluding hyperuricemic cases with Ccr>50, this negative correlation becomes more prominent (coefficient; -0.75), suggesting paradoxically that the cause of hyperuricemia of this group is other than a mere retention due to decreased GFR. In the cases with Ccr>50, uric acid excretion in the hyper-and the normouricemic was uniform, thus Cur/Ccr was significantly smaller in the former, than in the latter, showing that hyperuricemia will not accompany hyperuricosuria. Oral loading of Yeast RNA to 12 hyperuricemic patients with Ccr 50 revealed that this group is further devided into three subgroups in view of uric acid handling of the kidney ; a) further increase of Pur without increase of uric acid excretion in the urine, b) no increase of Pur with increased urinary uric acid excretion, and c) intermediate of a) and b). It is therefore suggested that hyperuricemia in chronic glomerulonephritisswith unimpaired renal function is produced by decreased tubular excretion or overproduction of uric acid. The direct relationship of the impaired tubular function to glomerulonephritis however remains to be confirmed.
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