All issues
Volume 29, Issue 3
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
KENICHIRO SHIGEMOTO, NAOKI HAMAGUCHI, SAYURI OKUSHIN, AKIRA HIRABAYASH ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 261-270
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe immunofluorescence method is indispensable for the diagnosis of IgA nephropathy, but this method has several weaknesses. In recent years, therefore, the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method, and other enzyme-labeled antibody methods have attracted much attention as procedures which might compensate for these weaknesses . The authors therefore studied the pattern of deposition of IgA, IgA subclass and complement in 34 cases of IgA nephropathy by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method using paraffin-embedded tissues . The antisera employed were rabbit anti-human IgA (Behring), sheep anti-human IgA1, IgA2 (Nordic), rabbit anti-human C1q, properdin and C9 (Behring) . The following results were obtained.1) IgA deposits were observed in all cases (100%) . In 79.4% of the cases, lgA deposits were found only in the mesangial area, while in 20.6% of the cases they were also noted in the capillary wall .2) The intensity of IgA deposition revealed a high correspondence with the immunofluorescence method.3) The positive rate of IgA1 and IgA2 was 97.1% and 44.1%, respectively, and their sites of deposition corresponded with those of IgA . They showed a significant positive correlation with the intensity of IgA deposition.4) The positive rate of C1q, properdin, and C9 was 58.8%, SS.2% and 91.2% respectively, and their sites of deposition corresponded with those of IgA . The above findings suggest that the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method can be adequately applied to the diagnosis of IgA nephropathy.View full abstractDownload PDF (11229K) -
SATORU SUZUKI, HIROYUKI KOBAYASHI, YASUHITO SUZUKI, MASAAKI ARAKAWA1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 271-275
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo characterize further the IgA deposits found in glomeruli of IgA nephropathy, frozen sections of renal biopsy specimens from 139 consecutive patients with IgA nephropathy were stained with FITC-conjugated monoclonal antibodies against human IgA1 and IgA2, and 130 out of the 139 speci mens were stained with FITC- conjugated anti human J chain antibodies. All 139 specimens studied were positive for IgA1 and negative for IgA2 in the glomeruli. In 39 specimens, tubular casts were positive for IgA. There was no difference in staining by anti IgA1 and IgA2 antibodies in tubular casts which were positive for polyclonal IgA staining. Sixty-four biopsy specimens with only IgA mesangial deposits were positive for J chain: 45 specimens were positive without acid-urea pretreatment of frozen sections, and 19 specimens were newly detected after acid-urea pretreatment. Acidurea pretreatment of frozen sections enhanced the fluorescence of the J chain in 23 out of the 45 specimens. The above results indicate that acid-urea treatment of tissue sections is useful for detection of the J chain and that glomerular mesangial deposits in IgA nephropathy consist mainly of polymeric IgA 1.View full abstractDownload PDF (2508K) -
HIROMICHI KUMAGAI, AKIRA HISHIDA, MITSUMASA NAGASE, NISHIO HONDA1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 277-281
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe pathogenetic factors operative in steroid-enhanced proteinuria were explored in nephrotic patients who were being treated with alternate-day administration of prednisolone. Urinary protein excretion on the treatment day was one and half times greater than that on the nontreatment day.CPAH and Cin were not significantly different between days, but the filtration fraction was higher on the treatment day. Enhanced protein excretion on the treatment day was associated with increases in the clearances of albumin, IgG and.β2-microglobulin, and in the fractional clearance of neutral dextrans with radii greater than 36Å. The findings obtained suggest that steroid-enhanced proteinuria can be attributed, at least in part, to altered glomerular hemodynamics, increased porosity of the glomerular capillary wall and suppressed proximal tubular reabsorption of filtered proteins. However, the relative importance of these factors remains unclarified.View full abstractDownload PDF (892K) -
YOSHIYUKI YOSHIDA, HIROKAZU TAGUCHI, SANEYUKI YOGI, YUKIHIRO NAGASAKA, ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 283-291
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe pathological and clinical features of 10 patients with atypical membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) are described. These 10 patients were considered to represent an atypical form of MPGN because of hypocomplementemic persistent glomerulonephritis with the characteristic findings of MPGN as determined only by electron microscopy. Nine patients were shown by light microscopy to have mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis and 1 patient had minor glomerular abnormalities. More detailed studies by electron microscopy revealed features of Type 1 MPGN in 6 patients, Type 2 MPGN in 1 patient, and Type 3 MPGN in 3 patients . On immunofluorescence microscopy, deposits of C3 were found to be located mainly in the mesangium and often involved the partial capillary walls. The clinical features at initial consultation included acute nephritic syndrome in 3 patients, gross hematuria in 1 patient, and asymptomatic hematuria and/or proteinuria in 6 patients. All patients were treated mainly with alternate-day prednisolone, and almost all of the patients demonstrated improvement in urinalyses and in their serum C3 levels. However, 2 patients revealed deterioration when the dosage of prednisolone was either reduced or discontinued . Renal re-biopsy on 7 patients showed improvement in 5 patients, no improvement in 1 patient, and pro gression to focal, segmental MPGN in 1 patient. Further studies are needed to determine whether atypical MPGN is an early or a mild form of MPGN, or whether it is a variant form of MPGN.View full abstractDownload PDF (8883K) -
SHOJI HIRANO, MITSUO OHKAWA, HARUO HISAZUMI1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 293-300
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRenal calculi associated with urinary infection, which were removed surgically from 19 patients, were examined in order to assess the relation between stone formation and infection by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectrophotometry and bacteriological procedures. The positive rate of stone culture in 12 females, as well as preoperative urine culture, was higher than that in 7 males. While Proteus mirabilis was predominantly isolated, the rate of isolation of Escherichia coli, a non-urea splitter, was relatively high. Stone core analysis revealed that calcium phosphate formed one of the commonest components of the infectioe renal calculi in this series. Scanning electron microscopic ex aminations demonstrated that most of the stone cores were composed of a mixture of fine apatite sphericals, various kinds of organic matter, calcified bacteria and living bacteria migrating into the spaces between the stone particles. The results obtained suggest that bacteria, infection-induced organic matter and calcium phosphate may play important roles m the genesis and growth of stones associated with infection.View full abstractDownload PDF (14199K) -
KIMIKO MAEDA1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 301-307
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAmong the renal lesions associated with hepatic disorders, glomerular changes in cases of liver cirrhosis (L.C.) have been extensively studied by many investigators . On the other hand, from the standpoint of clinical medicine, Epstein et al. reported renal circulatory disturbances in L.C, from a selective renal angiogram obtained in a patient with oliguric renal failure . In this study, the author therefore attempted to identify histological abnormalities causing such circulatory disturbances by examining autopsied kidneys of L.C., and compared the results obtained with those of pyelonephritis which served as a control. As a result, 80% of L.C. was found to show perivascular and diffuse interstitial fibrosis of the renal medullae as demonstrated by Elastica-Van Gieson stain which could be identified very easily with either the naked eye or the aid of a hand lens. Such interstitial fibrosis in L.C. was especially significant in the perivascular region and involved the so-called venomuscular complex proposed by Takeuchi. The renal circulatory disturbances associated with L.C . proposed by Epstein appeared to be well supported by the present results if the venomuscular complex around the renal venous system has the ability to squeeze out blood towards the vena cava, since the fibrosis involving this complex, accordingly, caused significant impairment to the renal circulation . In this respects, the results also cast some light on the mechanisms of the renal circulation .View full abstractDownload PDF (9229K) -
OSHI INAGAKI, TADAYASU SYONO, YOSHIKAZU FUJITA, SEISHI INOUE, HIDETARO ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 309-314
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1, 25 D) on the absorption of maltose in the small intestine was studied in five-sixths nephrectomized uremic rats and sham-operated rats . Two weeks after the nephrectomy, the uremic animals were divided into two groups: one was given 1, 25 D (300 pmol/kg body weight/day, three times per week) intraperitoneally, and the other was left untreated.One week after the 1, 25 D treatment, an in vivo maltose absorption test was performed at 00.00 h in consideration of the circadian rhythm of disaccharide absorption. In untreated uremic rats, the maltose absorption rate was lower than in sham-operated rats. In 1, 25 D treated uremic rats, the maltose absorption rate was higher than in untreated uremic rats and not lower than in sham-operated rats. These results suggest that the absorption rate of maltose of the small intestine is reduced in uremic rats and that it is recovered on treatment with 1, 25 D.View full abstractDownload PDF (995K) -
ISAO ISHIKAWA, NAOTO SHIKURA, SHIGEKI MASUZAKI, TAKAYASU HORIGUCHI, AK ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 315-321
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne of the characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging (MR imaging) of the kidney is corticomedullary differentiation (CMD) without the use of a contrast medium. We investigated the con ditions under which corticomedullary differentiation is visualized on MR imaging in 10 controls, 19 patients with renal graft and 7 patients with nephrotic syndrome. T1 weighted images revealed CMD in 10 controls and 12 patients who had good graft function. Five out of 7 patients with chronic rejec tion episodes and 4 out of 7 patients with nephrotic syndrome revealed no CMD. The grading of CMD in 4 different pulse sequences, using the naked eye method, was inversely correlated with the serum creatinine and positively correlated with hematocrit. Furthermore, the visualization of CMD tended to be related to interstitial edema and fibrosis found in renal biopsies of nephrotics, even those within the normal range of renal function. In conclusion, CMD on MR imaging is affected by a combination of clinical parameters such as renal function, hematocrit and renal histological changes.View full abstractDownload PDF (8483K) -
HIROSHI KAWAGUCHI, YUTAKA YAMAGUCHI, ICHIKO NAGATA, KATSUMI ITOH1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 323-333
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEvidence for the participation of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in the development of glomerulonephritis has been presented in several recent reports. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the cell kinetics of intraglomerular Ia positive cells and, if any, T cells in the autologous phase of nehrotoxic serum nephritis (NTSN) in rats, using a new labeling technique . After development of NTSN, both Ia positive and T cells in the gloeruli were markedly increased accompanied by pro teinuria and glomerular hypercellularity. When the rats were treated with methylprednisolone (20 mg/ kg/day) and cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg/day), the cells were remarkably reduced with attenuation of both proteinuria and hypercellularity. On the other hand, administration of cyclosporin A (4, and 12 mg/kg/day) did not result in any significant alteration, although when 25 mg/kg/day was given, Ia positive and T cells were markedly decreased associated with a significant reduction in both proteinuria and hypercellularity. These results indicate the possible participation of intraglomerular cell interac tions between Ia positive and T cells in the tissue injury of this experimental model.View full abstractDownload PDF (10973K) -
AKIRA NISHINO, ASUJI MIZUMURA, MICHIO MATSUMOTO, YOSHIHIRO NAKAO, MASA ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 335-340
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of captopril on the intrarenal hemodynamics of postischemic acute renal failure (PIARF) were studied in 25 mongrel dogs divided into two groups (A and B). In group A, no drug was administered. The animals of group B were infused with 0.5mg/kg of captopril (SQ14, 225) intraven-ously one hour before starting the collection of samples, followed by continuous intravenous infusion at a rate of 0.5 mg/kg/hr. The superficial cortical blood flow (SCBF) and juxta-medullary cortical blood flow (JMBF) were measured by the hydrogen washout technique. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was obtained by the conventional inulin clearance method, and the renal plasma flow (RPF) and renal blood flow (RBF) were calculated by the conventional paraaminohippuric acid (PAH) clearance method. Postischemic acute renal failure was induced by complete occlusion of the left renal artery for one hour. In group A (15 dogs), the urine volume, GFR, RPF, RBF, SCBF and J BF were significantly decreased after recirculation. In group B (10 dogs), SCBF and JMBF did not change after recirculation. However, the urine volume, GFR, RPF and RBF were significantly decreased after recirculation. These results indicate that captopril alleviated the reduction of SCBF and JMBF but had no beneficial effect on GFR, RPF or RBF as measured by conventional methods or the urine flow in PIARF.View full abstractDownload PDF (1155K) -
KYUN PAK, TAIRA KONISHI, YOSHIHIKO WAKABAYASHI, TADAO TOMOYOSHI1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 341-345
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPercutaneous transluminal angioplasty has been enthusiastically selected as the choice of treat ment for renovascular hypertension since it involves a less invasive procedure and has a low morbidity.We document two cases of renovascular hypertension which required nephrectomy due to complica tions of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. In one case, the complication was nonocclusive renal artery dissection with saccular aneurysm formation in an atherosclerotic artery. In the other case, the complication was arterial rupture and perforation followed by occlusive renal artery dissection in the fibromuscular dysplastic artery. Although percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is effective, it should always be borne in mind that it can present grave hazards necessitating nephrectomy.View full abstractDownload PDF (8112K) -
YUTAKA KODA, SOJIRO OGINO, YUICHIRO MARUYAMA, YASUHITO SUZUKI, MITSUTO ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 347-355
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn ultrastructural study of the glomeruli of preeclamptic nephropathy was carried out with special reference to lesions of focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS). FSGS was observed in about 30% of patients with preeclampsia. Ultrastructural findings such as epithelial detachment, subendothelial widening, electron dense deposits and intracapillary foam cells, were frequently noted in patients with FSGS. Proteinuria was more profuse in patients with FSGS than in those without. It is assumed that FSGS represents one of the characteristic glomerular lesions of severe preeclampsia.View full abstractDownload PDF (12610K) -
MASAKI KOBAYASHI, SOHJI NAGASE, KAZUMASA AOYAGI, AKIO KOYAMA, MITSUHAR ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 357-361
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe administered dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) orally to a patient with AA type amyloidosis due to rheumatoid arthritis. The parameters for the DMSO treatment were the renal findings (urinary protein, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine clearance), inflammatory findings C reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum amyloid A (SAA) levels. In addition, we measured the level of methylguanidine (MG) which was one of the uremic toxins. With DMSO treatment, the SAA and MG levels were markedly decreased, and the renal function and inflammatory findings were improved or stabilized. These results indicated that DMSO was effective in treating this case. No side effects were observed. It is assumed that DMSO inhibited amyloid synthesis and inflammatory changes due to RA and amyloid deposition. Moreover, the effect of DMSO might have involved a scavenging effect on active oxygen, apart from the above-mentioned effects on amyloidosis itself. DMSO represents a valuable drug for treating patients with amyloidosis since no definite treatment as yet exists.View full abstractDownload PDF (996K) -
TSUNETADA YAZAKI, HIROSHI AMEMIYA, ISAO KIRIYAMA, TATSUO IIZUMI, ATSUS ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 363-366
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA survey of obstructive nephropathy in urologic tumors was made regarding the frequency and clinical course of the involved kidney after release of the obstruction. The urologic tumors reviewed in this study included 18 cases of renal carcinoma, 9 of renal pelvic and ureteral carcinoma, 107 of bladder carcinoma, 44 of prostatic carcinoma, and 438 of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The frequency of obstructive nephropathy was 11.1% in renal carcinoma, 44.4% in renal pelvic and ure teral carcinoma, 12.1% in bladder carcinoma, 20.4% in prostatic carcinoma, and 3.4% in BPH. Nephrec tomy or. nephroureterectomy was performed in all patients with renal carcinoma and renal pelvic and ureteral carcinoma. Four of 13 bladder carcinoma patients with obstructive nephropathy (30.7%) underwent nephrectomy, whereas none of 9 prostatic carcinoma patients and 15 BPH patients with obstructive nephropathy underwent nephrectomy. Thus, excluding the upper urinary tract carcinoma, only 4 (10.8%) underwent nephrectomy in this series.View full abstractDownload PDF (927K) -
HIROKAZU TAMURA1987 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 367-373
Published: March 25, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo examine the influence of high dietary calcium (Ca) intake on the development of hyperten sion in the spontaneously hypertensive rat, changes in Mood pressure and in the metabolism of mag nesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P) were investigated. The rats were fed on either a control diet con taining 0.8% Ca and 0.7% P, a high Ca (3.2%) and normal P (0.7%) diet, or a high Ca (3.2%) and high P (1.8%) diet. Dietary manipulation was begun when the rats were 5 weeks old and was continued for 4 weeks. A high Ca intake attenuated the development of hypertension regardless of the dietary P content. The plasma Mg levels in rats fed on the high Ca diets were significantly lower than those in rats fed on the contrgl diet. In all three groups, the plasma Mg levels were positively correlated with the systolic blood pressure. The 24-hour urinary P excretion was lowest in the rats placed on the high Ca normal P diet, and the myocardial ATP level, used as an index of tissue P and energy storage, was also lowest in this group, indicating a deficiency of P within the cardiovascular tissue. This study demonstrates that dietary calcium supplementation Chas an antihypertensive effect. The results also suggest that the mechanism of action involved may be related to changes in Mg metabolism.View full abstractDownload PDF (1367K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|