1. The hens, 6- and 13-month-old, and the colostomized cockerels were maintained for successive 6 periods of 2 weeks each under the different combination of environmental temperature and relative humidity, 25, 30 and 35°C, and 35 and 70%, respectively. In each period, urine and feces, or droppings were collected quantitatively for last one week.
2. There were statistically highly significant differences in individuals for water content of feces and droppings in the older hens and colostomized cockerels but not in the pullets.
3. In the pullets, temperature and humidity significantly increased water content in the droppings.
4. In the older hens, temperature and humidity did not increase water content in the droppings when humidity was 35% or when temperature was 25 or 30°C, respectively.
5. In the colostomized cockerels, temperature and humidity did not have a quite consistent effect on the water content in feces and urine, and water intake. Volume of urine was highly correlated with the volume of water intake.

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Experiments were carried out for the evaluation of a disinfectant solution to kill bacteria on the egg shell surface. The egg shells were artificially contaminated with Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus. Three kinds of disinfectant solution were used, a mixture of phenol derivatives, invert soap and iodophor. When a volume of disinfectant solution was sprayed per 1m³ capacity either 300ml of solution diluted 1 in 50 or 100ml solution diluted 1 in 100, bacteria were recovered from almost all samples regardless of the spraying volume used and the concentration of the solution.
When the contaminated egg shell were dipped in the solution diluted 1 in 100 kept at 40°C for 4 minutes, the number of recovered bacteria decreased to 10¹ to 10³ organisms. Even when the dipping period was prolonged to 8 minutes, 10¹ organisms still survived.
The efficacy of disinfectant solution is not sufficient to provide a satisfactory degree of disinfectaon of the egg shell when the egg is heavily soiled.

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The present investigation was initiated to supplement information as to the time of superficial pigmentation and to clarify the process of pigment deposition on the surface of the egg shell.
Generally speckles or blotches of the superficial pigment, characteristic to the individual quail hens, were found to have been settled from the onset of the egg production. However, in about 20% of the total birds, blotches of the pigment of the first several eggs appeared to be relatively small in size as compared to the subsequent eggs laid.
The superficial pigmentation is initiated approximately 2.8 hours before oviposition and terminated in about 30 minutes thereafter. The direct observation of the pigment deposition through the uterine wall in vivo revealed that the egg is dotted or spotted at the beginning of the deposition and that approximately 20 minutes after this process, deposition of a bulky pigment suddenly takes place. This is spread to form the blotches of pigment, characteristic to the individuals, while the uterine egg is being rotated slowly. Rough formation of the blotch pigment is generally terminated approximately 10 minutes or little more after the bulk deposition of pigment.

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Digestibility of SCP grown on various nutrient substrates was investigated using colostomized laying hens and the results obtained were as follows.
1. The apparent digestibilities of SCP protein, fat and energy were 83-85, 40-60, and 63-75%, respectively.
2. The true digestibilities of amino acids were within the range of 82-93% with the yeast, and of 74-92% with the bacterium, respectively.
3. The true digestibilities of RNA and DNA were 77.5 and 65.7% with the yeast and 69.5 and 87.0% with the bacterium, respectively.

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In order to study the effect of moderate excess methionine on growth, feed intake and efficiencies of energy and nitrogen utilization in chicks, 8-day-old Single Comb White Leghorn chicks were fed the methionine adequate control and moderate methionine excess diets for 12-day experimental period. Body weight gain and feed intake of the chicks fed the methionine excess diet were significantly decreased, whereas efficiency of feed utilization was not affected by feeding the methionine excess diet. Body composition was not different between both groups, but the chicks fed the methionine excess diet retained significantly less fat, protein and energy than those fed the control diet. Although metabolizability of dietary energy was not altered by excess methionine, the efficiency of metabolizable energy utilization was decreased. Whereas, nitrogen utilization was not depressed by feeding the methionine excess diet.

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Duroc×Landrace hogs and gillts, a litter, were fed restricted (3.6-4.5% of body weight) amounts of the diets containing 0 and 20% deied poultry waste (DPW) for 80 days. Final body weight, dressed weight, back fat thickness and feed conversion ratio based on the basal diet (basal diet consumption/gain) of the swine receiving the basal diet and DPW were 6, 8, 32 and 8% less, respectively, than those of swine receiving only the basal diet.
Duroc×Landrace hogs and gillts, a litter, were divided into two groups and fed ad libitum the basal diet and the diet containing 26% DPW, respectively, for 60 days. Final body weight, dressed weight, back fat thickness and feed conversion ratio based on the basal diet of the group receiving the basal diet and 26% DPW were less by 2, 8, 16 and 12%, respectively, than the group receiving only the basal diet.
The system of feeding ad libitum the diet containig DPW at the level of around 26% to growing and finishing swine is applicable for swine industry because of improving meat quality, saving labour and saving feed cost.

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A series of three experiments, eight weeks period each, were conducted with 610 SCWL cross bred laying hens housed in individual cages.
In the first experiment, the hens were fed 12% protein diets containing corn, soybean meal and fish meal without and with 2 or 4% protein equivalents of soybean, urea or diammonium citrate. When soybean meal were added, egg production rate and feed efficiency were linearly increased with the increment of soybean meal, whereas urea and diammonium citrate caused a tendency toward reduced egg production rate.
In the second experiment, the first experiment except the diets with diammonium citrate were again carried out to confirm the response of urea supplementation. The response to soybean meal was the same as in the first experiment. Urea, added 2% protein equivalent to the 12% protein diet, improved egg production whereas 4% protein supplementation caused reduced production rate.
In the third experiment, the hens were fed 10.4% protein control diet containing corn and soybean meal and fortified 0.2% L-arginine hydrochloride, 0.14% L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.22% DL-methionine, 0.04% L-tryptophan, 0.14% L-isoleucine, 0.34% L-leucine and 0.09% L-threonine just to meet NRC requirement for laying hens. When 5% protein equivalent of urea was added to the control diet, egg production rate and feed conversion were improved 4.1% and 0.15 respectively.

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