Japanese poultry science
Print ISSN : 0029-0254
Volume 7, Issue 4
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
  • Kazutaka HOMMA
    1970 Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 157-165
    Published: October 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Minoru YOSHIDA, Hiroshi HOSHII, Hiroshi MORIMOTO
    1970 Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 166-175
    Published: October 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In two experiments, 130 hybrid meat-type chicks of 8-week-old were fed lipogenic diet for preliminary period of 6 days. Then, the chicks were separated into groups of 4 males and 4 females each and fed various experimental diet for 6 days. The chicks were sacrificed at the beginning of preliminary feeding period, and 0, 3 and 6 days on the experimental diets to measure abdominal adipose tissue and liver.
    As observed with starting chicks previously, the chicks grew normally and gained abdominal fat linearly on lipogenic low-protein and high-energy diet. After 6 days on the experimental diet, it was observed that the level-up of dietary protein and the leveldown of dietary energy and significant lipolytic effect, that is, to decrease abdominal fat level. The level-up of protein by 9% correspounded to the level-down of dietary energy by 20% of total digestible nutrients, and their effects were independent from each other.
    It is estimated that 1% of dietary protein corresponds to -9.44kcal of metabolizable energy per g of diet, and that 1g of protein taken by the chicks correspounds to -1.38 kcal of metabolizable energy.
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  • Kihachiro NOBUKUNI, Seikan OKAMOTO
    1970 Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 176-181
    Published: October 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Less developed (14-day old) and well developed chicks (28-day old) in thermoregulatory ability were exposed to the ambient temperatures of 5, 20, and 35°C for 11 days in order to study the influence of these treatments on the body temperature, body weight and weight of some endocrine glands. The results obtained were as follows.
    1) When 14-day old chicks were exposed to 5°C, 9 out of 49 chicks in total of four replicated experiments were died within the first 4 days following the exposure.
    2) When 14-day old chicks were employed, the average body weights of the treated birds were heavier in the following order, 20°C>35°C>5°C, while in the case of 28-day old chicks the order was found to be 20°C>5°C>35°C.
    3) When 14-day old chicks were employed, a treatment at 5°C resulted in lowered body temperature as compared to 20°C and 35°C groups. On the other hand, the treatment of 28-day old chicks at 35°C led to higher body temperature in average than those of 5°C and 20°C groups.
    4) There was no significant difference in pituitary weight after any treatments, while a significant decrease in thyroid weight following treatment at 35°C was found with both ages of chicks(14- and 28-day old) when compared to 5°C and 20°C. A significant decrease in thyroid weight was also observed with 28-day old chicks on the fourth day after treatment at 35°C.
    For the adrenal weight it resulted heavier in the following order, 5°C>20°C>35°C with a significant difference in 5°C.
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  • 2. The Effects of PVP as an Enhancing Agent in Quail Iso-hemagglutination Tests
    Takako AMAIKE, Takatsugu MITSUMOTO
    1970 Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 182-185
    Published: October 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The effectiveness of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, K-90) as enhancing agent in quail isohemagglutination reactions are tested. A comparison of the saline isotonic solution with the PVP technic reveals a comparable degree of sensitivity in the enhancement of hemagglutinin titer.
    The results are summarized as follows:
    1) It is observed that 0.1 percent PVP and antiserum mixture technic develops successfully the agglutination titers of quail cells by one or two tubes regardless of the genetic systems. However, 0.1 percent PVP saline is effective to antiserum showing a titer or higher.
    2) It is observed that 0.3 or 0.5 percent PVP saline is useful to enhance antiserum of 1:16 or less titer.
    3) The incomplete agglutinins in the used iso-mmune sera are not detected with the PVP technic.
    4) The relative simplicity in the routine laboratory use and a saving in iso-antiserum are the added advantages of the PVP technic.
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  • 1. Effect of Paraffin Oil Coating on Chicken Egg Quality
    Yuichi TANABE, Takao NAKAMURA, Masami INABA, Toshio TAKAHASHI
    1970 Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 186-194
    Published: October 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Effect of liquid n-paraffin (Crystol-70, Esso) coating shell on the egg quality during the storage was studied. Eggs within 12 hours after lay were oiled (0.3ml/egg) with an electric sprayer. Oiled (2310) and untreated (2310) eggs were placed in an unairconditioned room for the periods of December 5-April 4, February 3-June 3, April 14-August 12, June 6-October 4, August 6-December 4, and October 2-January 30, and in a refrigerator (4-5°C) for the period of April 22-August 20. Thirty untreated eggs and 30 oiled eggs were weighed and broken for the measuremenets of albumen height and yolk height on the 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 th day of the storage.
    Average Haugh units, albumen height, yolk height and decrease in egg weight are given in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4, respectively. The relationship of oiling treatment, storage temperature and storage time to Haugh unit, albumen height, yolk height and decrease in egg weight are illustrated in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4, respectively.
    Although oiling eggs resulted in a significantly higher interior quality of eggs either in winter seasons or in refrigerator, the effect of oiling was more pronounced for the maintenance of interior quality of eggs in the storage experiment during the warm (April-October) months.
    Oiling treatment significantly reduced the incidence of rotten eggs or eggs with a collapsed yolk when stored during the summer season (Table 5).
    Agarose gel-electropherogram of albumen of eggs stored for 120 days revealed a significant difference in protein zones between oiled and untreated eggs. Electrophoretic protein zones of oiled eggs which were stored for 120 days were similar to those of the fresh eggs (Fig. 5).
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  • Hideaki TOJO, Seikan OKAMOTO
    1970 Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 195-200
    Published: October 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Studies on the role of spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius in the acquired immunity to E. acervulina were conducted. Male chicks used were fed a ration which contained neither antibiotics nor coccidiostats. Infection was performed by introduction of sporulated oocysts directly into the crop and the acquisition of immunity was determined by daily measurements of discharged oocysts after challenge infection.
    E. acervulina infection for normal birds increased thymus and spleen weights.
    Thymectomized birds resulted in decreased body weights following infection, while it was not observed in bursectomized birds.
    An increase in number of discharged oocysts was observed in thymectomized birds, compared with bursectomized, splenectomized and control birds after challenge infection.
    The results here suggested that thymus might play some role for the acquisition of immunity to E. acervulina.
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  • Keizo OKAUCHI, Sadashi KIHARA
    1970 Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 201-203
    Published: October 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    High-temperature treatments were given to the Single Comb White Leghorn cock of 15-month old kept separately in single cages by having them received direct sunlight for eight hours every day during an experimental period of 35 days in the summer of 1969. Variations of the reproductive functions of the cocks thus treated were investigated during and after the period, the results were as follows:
    1) There was no remarkable decline caused by the treatment in semen properties, e. g., ejaculated volume, pH, concentration and motility of the spermatozoa, during the experimental period.
    2) After testing each cock for its fertilizing ability with six hens, no ill effect attributed to the treatment was recognized.
    3) At the end of the experiment, no histological change was detected in the testicular tissues.
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  • Yuichi TANABE
    1970 Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 204-207
    Published: October 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A single intraperitoneal injection of gold thioglucose to the chicken (Gallus domesticus) and the Japanese quail (Cotrunix cotrunix japonica) showed that the LD 50 of the drug was 0.25mg/g body weight for White Leghorn 12-day-old cockerels, 0.1mg/g for the adult male quail and more than 0.1mg/g for the adult female quail.
    Neither growth promotion nor increase in feed consumption was observed in the cockerel and the quail which received the LD 50 dose of gold thioglucose, as compared with the cockerel and quail which did not receive the drug. No hyperphagia or obesity was observed in the gold thioglucose-treated-chicken and quail.
    No damage to the ventromedial nucleus in hypothalamus was observed in the gold thioglucose-treated-cockerels (Courtesy to the inspection by Dr. Shigeto Kanematsu, Iwate University, Morioka-shi).
    Subcutaneous injections of monosodium glutamate at the dosage level of 0.5, 1 and 2mg/g body weight for 10 days to the 3-day-old quail of both sexes did not induce any accerelation of growth or increase in feed consumption as compared with the nontreated control birds.
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  • 1970 Volume 7 Issue 4 Pages 208-226
    Published: October 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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