Japanese poultry science
Print ISSN : 0029-0254
Volume 9, Issue 6
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
  • Tatsuro MATSUMOTO
    1972 Volume 9 Issue 6 Pages 243-253
    Published: December 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (1367K)
  • Akihisa SHINJO, Yutaka MIZUMA, Shusaku NISHIDA
    1972 Volume 9 Issue 6 Pages 254-260
    Published: December 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The effect of inbreeding on the traits in the incross, crossed reciprocally between inbred lins of the 2nd and 4th full-sib generation in Japanese quail, were observed for 3 weeks' eggs layed by the parental quail when they were 11 weeks of age. Inbreeding depression for the traits were calculated by weighted regression, and the genetic load was estimated by the formula of MORTON et al..
    1) The fitness index was reduced from 56.2% in random matings to 6.0% by the 4th generation of full-sib matings. Therefore, successive full-sib matings were difficult to reproduce after 5th generation.
    2) For every 10% increment in inbreeding coefficient, the inbreeding depression for hen-day egg production, viability to 4 weeks and fitness index were 3.38, 6.34 and 9.56%, respectively. The pecentage of egg set, fertility and hatchability also showed a tendency of inbreeding depression.
    3) Even though the regression of traits on inbreeding coefficient was calculated from the inbred lines succeeded to maintain until the 5th full-sib generation, it was almost same with that calculated from the all line in full-sib mating.
    4) The numbers of lethal equivalents which obtained by summing up hen-day egg production, percentage of egg set, fertility, hatchability and viability to 4 weeks was 7.5, and the load ratio B/A was 9.7.
    5) It is suggested that inbreeding depression in quail is caused by decrease of heterozygosity of polygenes in may loci rather than by increase of homozygosity of deleterious genes, since genetic load in quail may be more segregational than mutational load.
    Download PDF (881K)
  • II. Optimum Width of Single Cage for White Leghorn Pullet of Light Weight
    Takashi USHIJIMA, Mitsuharu YODA, Kiyoshi MATORI, Sadae NAGAMINE
    1972 Volume 9 Issue 6 Pages 261-266
    Published: December 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Collaborative studies were carried out at 4 Prefectural Poultry Experiment Stations to find economically optimum cage size for egg-type layers of light body weight.
    Six hundred 120-day-old White Leghorn hens of Strain A (average adult size 1.66kg) and 800 120-day-old White Leghorn hens of Strain B (average adult size 1.69kg) were reared in individual cages having width, of 21, 19.5, 18, 16.5 or 15cm, and the observation was done from 150 to 500 days of age.
    Little difference in viability, egg production, quantity of egg production, feed intake and feed conversion (feed/egg) was observed among the hens of Strain A in the cages of difierent size, while a significant difference was observed between the hens of Strain B in the cages of 15cm wide and those in the other cages, the former being inferior to the latter.
    Little difference in age at 50% lay and egg weight was observed among the hens of both strains reared in the cages of the different sizes.
    Significantly different response between the hens of Strain A and B, having almost identical body weight and being reared in cages of 15cm wide, indicated the strain difference in the susceptibility to the stress of narrow cage, and the necessity to use different cages for different strain.
    Download PDF (602K)
  • Hiroyuki MEKADA, Shoji EBISAWA, Kikuo FUTAMURA
    1972 Volume 9 Issue 6 Pages 267-273
    Published: December 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Gross protein value of 11 kinds of protein sources, i.e. fish meal, cotton seed meal, sesame meal, feather meal, meat born meal, fish soluble, soybeen meal, linseed meal, coconut meal, wool meal and hydrocarbon yeast, was determined by comparing the growth rate 2-week-old chicks on the sample with that on casein.
    The gross protein value estimated was as follows: fish meal, 110; cottonseed meal, 67; sesame meal, 13; feather meal A, 40; feather meal B, 4; fish soluble, 74; meat born meal, 92; soybean meal, 63; linseed meal, 54; coconut meal, 28; wool meal, -17; hydrocarbon yeast, 93.
    Among essential amino acids, content of methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, valine and histidine in hydrocarbon yeast was lower than that in casein. Supplementation of 0.1% of methionine to hydrocarbon yeast was effective to improve gross protein value.
    Download PDF (665K)
  • Daisaku KUBOTA, Sadanobu HIJIKURO, Tatsuo KUBO, Masahiro MATSUSHIMA, S ...
    1972 Volume 9 Issue 6 Pages 274-280
    Published: December 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A series of feeding experiments was conducted to know the nutritive value of rapeseed meal, which had not been used as feedstuff of Poultry in Japan.
    Two sources of rapeseed were used. One was domestic (B. napus) and the other imported from Canada (B. campestris) which were pre-treated at 105°C for 45 minutes. before solvent extraction.
    The experiment reported herein was designed to determine whether rapeseed meal mixed in grower and layer test diets at level of 0, 4, 8 and 12% of white Leghorn chicken affected growth, feed intake, feed convertion, weight of thyroid gland at 16 weeks of age, day of first egg and weight of first egg during the growing period (8-20 weeks), egg production, feed intake, feed convertion, egg weight, weight of thyroid gland at 64 weeks of age, hatchability and body weight at 44 weeks and 64 weeks of age during the laying period.
    The results were as follow.
    1) When the test diets containing 8% or higher domestic rapeseed meal and 12% level of Canada repeseed meal was fed for the growing period, the feed intake clearly decreased compared with the control lot, but no difference was found in body weight at 20 weeks of age, day of first egg and weight of first egg.
    2) When the test diets containing 8% or higher level of domestic rapeseed meal was fed to the chicks for the growing period, the thyroidal gland at 16 weeks of age was enlarged compared with the control lot, but no difference was found in Canada rapeseed meel lot. When domestic and Canada rapeseed meal was fed, the thyroidal gland at 64 weeks of age was enlarged, while no such phenomenon was seen in the control lot. But it was noted that the enlargement was more remarkable when on domestic rapeseed meal than on Canada meal.
    3) When the domestic rapeseed meal was mixed at 12% level in layer test diets, the egg productin decrease, but no difference was found in Canada rapeseed meal lot. When neighter domestic or Canada rapeseed meal was mixed at 12% level in the layer test diets, egg weight and hatchability clearly decreased.
    4) When the eggs produced by the layer fed the layer diet containing domestic rapeseed meal at 12% level was fed to the chicks as a protein source at 17% level on air dry matter basis in grower diet, no thyroidal gland enlargement was observed at 4 weeks of age.
    Download PDF (934K)
  • Minoru YOSHIDA
    1972 Volume 9 Issue 6 Pages 281-285
    Published: December 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Population standard deviation of nitrogen-corrected metabolizable energy of a certain diet, σ, when fed to individual chick, is evaluated to be 0.124kcal/g diet. Based on this value, population standard deviation of metabolizable energy of a feed ingredient, σing estimated by feeding both test diet with 100α% of the ingredient and basal diet to r groups each of n chicks each is also calculafed from σ. At various n, r and α, σing is calculated and presented in Table 1.
    Formulas to calculate the confidence interval of metabolizable energy of an ingredient, MEing, and the least significant difference between two values MEing are presented with the examples of calculation.
    Download PDF (460K)
  • Yoshitake YAMADA, Koji WATANABE, Shoji EBISAWA, Kikuo FUTAMURA
    1972 Volume 9 Issue 6 Pages 286-290
    Published: December 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Effects of the gene dw, sex-linked dwarfism, upon the performance of white plymouth Rock females were investigated. The experiment was arranged so as to compare full sisters segregating on the gene, dw (dwo vs. DwO). These females were inseminated artificially by the same Cornish male semen and resulting broilers were tested their growth until the 10th week of age.
    The results are summarized as follows:
    1. The ratio of the performance of dwo to DwO.
    Adult boody w eight, 77%; adult metatarsus length, 70%; daily feed consumption 74%; egg weight, 95% at 150 days of age, 95% at 250 days of age, 98% at 350 days of age; sexual maturity, 100%; growing viability, 105%; laying house viability, 104%; feed intake/hatching egg, 82%.
    2. Broiler test.
    No significant difference due to dam's genotype was obtained for body weight at 10 weeks of age, feed consumption and viability.
    These results suggest that dwarf mothers are more advantageous than normal females in broiler production.
    Download PDF (651K)
  • 1972 Volume 9 Issue 6 Pages 291-292
    Published: December 25, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: November 12, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (242K)
feedback
Top