Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
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Volume 35, Issue 5
Displaying 1-50 of 61 articles from this issue
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  • The Radiative Proton Capture Cross Sections in 209Bi with Ep from 10 to 50 MeV
    Kazumasa Miyano, Hiromichi Nakahara
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1277-1279
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1277
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    The radiative proton capture cross sections in 209Bi were measured with Ep from 10 MeV to 50 MeV by applying a stacked foil technique. It was found that the excitation function has a maximum value of 0.38 mb at Ep=12 MeV and then it becomes monotonously smaller as the bombarding energy increases up to Ep=50 MeV. In the peak region of the excitation function, the magnitude of the cross sections is found to be a few times larger than that predicted by the statistical model.
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  • Thermomagnetic Coefficients in a Quantizing Magnetic Field. I. Electronic Component
    Yoshiyuki Ono
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1280-1288
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1280
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    Thermomagnetic coefficients in a strong magnetic field (ωcτ>>1, ωc the cyclotron frequency and τ an appropriate relaxation time of electrons) are calculated by the method of the thermal Green function. Taking into account the interaction energy carried by an electron, we can correct the expression for the symmetric part of the thermomagnetic coefficients obtained by Ansel’m and Askerov. As a result, the symmetric part does not disturb the third law of thermodynamics. The resulted expression is used to discuss the magneto-oscillation of the thermoelectric power of Bi. The magnetic field dependence of the amplitude of the oscillation is investigated and shown not so simple as was proposed by Steele and Babiskin who showed that the amplitude is proportional to H5⁄2 (H is the magnetic field strength) according to their experimental data.
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  • Phenomenological Parameters in T.G.S.
    M. J. Tello, E. Hernández
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1289-1291
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1289
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    Values and interpretation of phenomenological parameters of T.G.S. are obtained by a comparative study between power series expansion of the molecular-field approximation and the general expression of the thermodynamics theory.
    The values founds for ξ and ζ present a deviation in relation with those obtained using thermodynamics theory directly, but they give a very good picture for Ps(T) in all range of temperature.
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  • Early Stage of High Speed Switching in Magnetic Thin Films
    Keiichi Kakuno, Yasuo Gondo
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1292-1296
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1292
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    A new experimental method for studying the early stage of high speed switching is developed on the basis of the following experimental results. (1) The magnetization reversal process caused by short and giant pulse fields relaxes within about 30 nsec. (2) The amount of the irreversibly reversed magnetization, which depends on the each pulse duration, remains without drastic changes beyond this relaxation time. In the present method, in contrast with coventional experiments, the amount of the magnetization is measured in more than several seconds after the irreversibly reversed magnetization caused by the short pulse has relaxed. By using this amount as a measure, the early stage of the switching within nanoseconds can be examined with a sufficient time resolution less than 0.1 nsec. The present method reveals for the first time an oscillatory change in the magnetization within 1 nsec at the early stage of the switching.
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  • Contribution of the Electronic Spin-Spin Interactions in the Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. I. Theory
    Kimio Morimoto
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1297-1304
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1297
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    A theory of the dynamic nuclear polarization is developed by taking into account the electronic spin-spin interactions. It is shown that both the solid effect and the cross effect contribute to the nuclear polarization in the case of a broad inhomogeneous line of ESR. The solid effect will be dominant at high temperature and the cross effect becomes important at low temperature. The results of numerical calculations are given in various cases considered.
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  • Contribution of the Electronic Spin-spin Interactions in the Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. II. Experiment
    Kimio Morimoto
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1305-1314
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1305
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    The dynamic polarization of protons in polystyrene was observed in a wide range of temperature to investigate the contribution of the electronic spin-spin interactions. The results are compared with a theory based on the rate equations. An important role of the electronic spin-spin interactions is clarified; the solid effect is dominant at room temperature, but it is quenched strongly by the spectral diffusion and the nuclear polarization is induced by the cross relaxation of the electronic spins at low temperature.
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  • Magnetization Process of Ising Spin Chains at the Domain Boundaries in CoCl22H2O
    Mitsuhiro Motokawa
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1315-1321
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1315
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    Small magnetization jumps in CoCl22H2O recently observed by Kuramitsu et al. are explained by considering the flopping of Ising spin chains at the domain boundaries of ferrimagnetic CoCl22H2O. The mechanism of these transitions is essentially same as that described by Ono et al., but detailed discussions of domain boundaries in this paper gives direct image of manner in which the irregular spin sites arise and leads to a prediction of the similar phenomena in the antiferromagnetic state. It is also proved that the numbers of the extraordinary critical fields are limited to two and five in the ferri- and antiferromagnetic states, respectively. The obtained additional critical fields are Hc3=4H1−2H2=36.6 kOe and Hc4=4H1=41.2 kOe in the ferrimagnetic state, which are same as Hc′ and Hc″ described by One et al. and are in good agreement with the experimental results, and Hc5=0, Hc6=2H2=4.6 kOe, Hc7=2H1=20.6 kOe, Hc8=2H1−2H2=16.0 kOe and Hc9=2H1+2H2=25.5 kOe in the antiferromagnetic state, of which Hc6 and Hc7 were observed by this author. The size of the domain is estimated as 0.3 μm using a simple model. Possibility of spin-cluster resonance at the domain boundaries is also discussed.
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  • Compressibility and Thermal Expansion of Heavy Rare Earth Metals and Alloys
    Chikara Inoue, Hideoki Kadomatsu, Hironobu Fujii, Tetsuhiko Okamoto
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1322-1327
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1322
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    Linear compressibility and thermal expansion coefficient have been measured as a function of temperature on the polycrystals of the heavy rare earth metals, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho and Er and the binary alloys with each other. Anomalous linear compressibility was found near the magnetic transition temperature. The value of the linear compressibility at room temperature monotonically decreased with increasing average number of 4f electrons. The negative δ-type and λ-type anomalies of the thermal expansion coefficient were also found near the ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic transition temperature and Tc or TN, respectively.
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  • Investigations of Two-Dimensional Ferromagnet K2CuF4 by Neutron Scattering
    Kinshiro Hirakawa, Hironobu Ikeda
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1328-1336
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1328
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    The magnetic properties of the insulating Heisenberg ferromagnet K2CuF4 have been studied by neutron diffraction. A strong paramagnetic diffuse scattering of the form of ridge was observed near Tc=6.25 K supporting the two-dimensional nature of this compound. From the asphericity of this scattering, the ratio of the exchange constants both in the weakest and the strongest directions was determined as J′⁄J=0.00066. Below Tc, ferromagnetism appears with the spin aligned parallel to the c-plane. As K2CuF4 has no Ising-like symmetry, though the crystal structure is the same to that of K2NiF4, marked contrast appears. For instance, it behaves as a typical simple three-dimensional ferromagnet like Ms(T)∝(1−CT3⁄2) up to T⁄Tc∼0.86, β=0.33 and 2ν=1.35.
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  • Study of Fluorine Hyperfine Interactions in KZnF3 : V2+ and Cr3+ by ENDOR
    Masanori Arakawa, Kazumi Horai, Yasuharu Shimizu
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1337-1342
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1337
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    Fluorine ENDOR measurements have been made on first and second fluorine neighbours to V2+ and Cr3+ in KZnF3 in order to clarify the role of the intervening Zn2+ ions. The isotropic hf interaction parameters for the second fluorine neighbours have been obtained as +79 kHz and −22 kHz for V2+ and Cr3+ respectively. The negative sign of the result for the Cr3+ strongly suggests that the cation-cation charge transfer interaction between the 3d3 impurity and Zn2+ ions can play important roles in these systems. Differences between the KMgF3 and KZnF3 for both V2+ and Cr3+ are discussed from the same standpoint.
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  • Photon Pumped Spin Wave Instability in Rutile-Type Antiferromagnets. II. Raman Scattering
    Takashi Odagaki
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1343-1345
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1343
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    It is shown that Raman-scattering mechanism associated with one photon-two magnon process in rutile-type antiferromagnets causes spin wave instability, if the intensity of the incident radiation exceeds a certain threshold value. Nonthermal excitation of magnons is possible by the use of this spin wave instability. An order estimation of the threshold value is given.
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  • The Proton NMR Shifts and the Local Electric Field in Solid MgCl2·6H2O and in AlCl3 Solution
    Akira Takahashi
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1346-1352
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1346
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    The proton NMR shifts Δσ of the water molecule co-ordinated to the cation in the crystal hexahydrate of magnesium chloride as well as in the aqueous solution of aluminium chloride relative to the pure liquid water at 0°C, have been observed. These shifts would largely depend on the component of the electric field F⁄⁄ (e.s.u.) parallel to the direction of the OH bond of a water molecule, produced by the surrounding ions or neighbouring water molecules. The observed shifts Δσ are found to depend practically linearly on the calculated values of F⁄⁄, and can be represented approximately by an empirical formula Δσ=5.0×10−6 F⁄⁄+4.2 (ppm), where H→O direction being taken to be positive.
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  • Spin-Lattice Relaxation and Cross Relaxation in Nickel Thallium Tutton Salt
    Yasuo Tokunaga, Shingo Ikeda, Kikuo Ito, Taiichiro Haseda
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1353-1359
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1353
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    Paramagnetic relaxation of single crystal NiTl2(SO4)2·6HO2O was studied by AC susceptibility measurement in magnetic field of 0∼20 kOe. It was possible to separate experimentally cross relaxation and lattice-bath relaxation from spin-lattice relaxation under appropriate condition. Above λ point of liquid He (Tλ), spin-lattice relaxation was strongly affected by lattice-bath relaxation and also by cross relaxation. Below Tλ, where lattice-bath relaxation was not observed, spin-lattice relaxation did not have such a strong effect of cross relaxation. Concentration dependence of cross relaxation time was also discussed. Cross relaxation time was temperature dependent especially at high magnetic field.
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  • Magnetic and Mössbauer Studies of the Ordered Perovskites Sr2Fe1+xRe1−xO6
    Masanori Abe, Takehiko Nakagawa, Shoichiro Nomura
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1360-1365
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1360
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    Structural, magnetic, electrical properties and Mössbauer effect are investigated on Sr2FeReO6, SrFe2⁄3Re1⁄3O3 and their solid solutions. Sr2FeReO6 and SrFe2⁄3Re1⁄3O3 (Sr2Fe4⁄3Re2⁄3O6) are ordered perovskites of types Sr2[Fe][Re]O6 and Sr[Fe][Fe1⁄3Re2⁄3]O6 respectively, both of which are tetragonal at room temperature. Sr2FeReO6 is metallic (ρ∼10−3 Ω-cm) and ferrimagnetic below 419 K, while SrFe2⁄3Re1⁄3O3 is semiconductive (ρr·t·∼10−1 Ω-cm, Eρ∼0.09 eV) and ferrimagnetic below 475 K. The SrFe2⁄3Re1⁄3O3 compound is diffcult to saturate in the magnetization. Mössbauer spectra showed that irons in these compounds are essentially trivalent. The spectra of SrFe2⁄3Re1⁄3O3 are composed of two lines which can be attributed to the two kinds of Fe3+ ions located on the two sublattices. Electrical and magnetic properties of Sr2FeReO6 and SrFe2⁄3Re1⁄3O3 are discussed, taking the crystallographic structures and ionic states of the compounds into consideration.
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  • ESR Studies on the Yield of Peroxy Radicals in PTFE Irradiated by Deuterons
    Hidetaro Abe, Minoru Imaizumi, Kazuo Ôno
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1366-1370
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1366
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    Radicals in PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene, Teflon) sheets irradiated by 2 MeV deuteron beam in vacuum and exposed to air have been studied by ESR at 9 GHz and at room temperature. An asymmetric line with a main peak of width 23±1 gauss at g=2.0174±0.0007 is observed, which is very stable under open air at room temperature. This type of centers has been concluded to be the peroxy chain radicals. The number of radicals produced is concluded to be proportional to the number of incident deuterons, the yield being 2000±420 radicals per one incident deuteron. However, the radical density comes to an upper limit of (1.36±0.11)×1019 radicals/cm3, or one radical per (3820±304) C–F bonds, at a dose higher than (3.43±0.45)×1013 deuterons/cm2.
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  • The Optical Properties of Rb
    Shigeo Yamaguchi, Takaaki Hanyu
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1371-1377
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1371
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    The dielectric constant of Rb at −140°C has been determined in the range from 2.07 eV to 6.2 eV. The core polarizability is 0.28, the optical effective mass ratio is 1.05, and the value of |V110| is 0.27 eV. General properties required for the dielectric function of alkali metals under the assumption that the core levels are well separated from the conduction band are discussed by using the Nozières-Pines f-sum rule and the perfect screening sum rule. By the sum rule test, the absorption up to 10 eV is found to be accounted for with 1.25 electrons per atom. The excess value, 0.25, indicates the optical coupling between the conduction and the core electrons. The data for K and Cs are also analyzed.
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  • Mössbauer Effect in Iron-Nitrogen Alloys and Compounds
    Takeshi Moriya, Yoshio Sumitomo, Hiromitsu Ino, F. Eiichi Fujita, Yuta ...
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1378-1385
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1378
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    Mössbauer effects of 57Fe in iron-nitrogen martensite and its tempering stages were measured. The spectra were resolved into the components corresponding to the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and farther nn Fe for each interstitial nitrogen atom. The analysis showed the localized perturbations by the nitrogen atoms on a host iron lattice similar to the case of iron-carbon martensite. The principal axis of electric field gradient at the 2nd nn Fe in the α″-Fe16N2 were determined to be directed to the nitrogen atom, not being parallel to the c-axis. The number of s and d electrons for the 1st nn Fe in some iron-nitrogen compounds were determined. The reduction of internal field, larger for interstitial alloys and compounds relative to substitutional ones, was proportional to the coordination number, n, to the neighboring nonmetal atoms. While, the variation of isomer shift depended upon both n and nonmetal concentration c.
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  • Plastic Deformation of Ni4Mo Alloy
    Toshio Saburi, Hiromu Fujii, Soji Nenno
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1386-1393
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1386
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    The mechanical behavior of polycrystalline Ni4Mo alloy was investigated by compression test and transmission electron microscope observation. It was found that twinning is largely associated with plastic deformation in the ordered Ni4Mo, whereas plastic deformation in the disordered Ni4Mo takes place only by slip. By a geometrical analysis on deformation twinning and slip in the ordered Ni4Mo with a domain structure it was found that the first near neighbor wrong bonds are created in one third of the domains by twinning, whereas they are created in two-thirds of the domains by slip.
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  • State-Dependent Potentials in Metallic Vanadium and Chromium
    Shinya Wakoh, Jiro Yamashita
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1394-1401
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1394
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    First, the electronic structures of metallic vanadium and chromium are investigated in the framework of the local self-consistent band theory with the Xα-potential and the modified Wigner-Seitz potential and the results are compared with available experiments. The agreement is generally good, but there remains some discrepancy in the dimensions and shape of the Fermi surfaces.
    Then the state-dependent potential is introduced, that is, the different potential for the dε- and dγ-states. The calculated results are in better agreement with the experimental results such as Fermi surface, electronic specific heat coefficient γ, dε population of 3d electrons and so on.
    The origin of difference in the potentials for the dε- and dγ-states seems to by mainly ascribed to the difference in the effective intra-atomic exchange for the dε- and dγ-states.
    The form factor values are also calculated and the are in good agreement with experiments.
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  • Momentum Wave Functions of APW in Lithium, Sodium and Potassium
    Shinya Wakoh, Jiro Yamashita
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1402-1405
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1402
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    Momentum wave function of APW or KKR method is formulated and used for the calculation of the Compton profiles of lithium, sodium and potassium. Wave functions are obtained by APW method with 19 waves. Momentum wave functions are determined for 55 K_n-components. The results are in agreement with those calculated by TBBO method, OPW method and so on.
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  • Compton Profiles of Metallic Vanadium
    Shinya Wakoh, Jiro Yamashita
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1406-1411
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1406
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    Compton profiles of metallic vanadium are calculated by KKR method. The potential is carefully selected so as to reproduce the measured Fermi surfaces and to fit the experimental X-ray scattering factors. The theoretical average profile is in good agreement with the profiles observed by Paakkari et al. and by Phillips. The calculated degree of the anisotropy in the profiles is in qualitative agreement with that observed by Terasaki et al. The shape of the Fermi surfaces must be taken into account to explain the observed anisotropy.
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  • Line Shapes in Cyclotron Resonance in Metals with Non-Ellipsoidal Fermi Surfaces
    Mikio Tsuji, Seiichirou Inoue
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1412-1417
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1412
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    Line shapes in cyclotron resonance in metals are calculated on a simple model of Fermi surface deviated slightly from an ellipsoidal one, without using the method of steepest descent. Diffuse scattering of electrons at the metal surface is assumed. There appears a new type of anomalies in surface impedance, not obtained by the usual method of steepest descent. The calculated derivative curves of the surface impedance with respect to the static magnetic field show two peaks at a resonance of each order, for both polarizations of the high frequency electric field parallel and perpendicular to the static magnetic field. One of the two peaks is due to the limiting point orbit resonance and the other is due to the central orbit resonance.
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  • Point Defect Clusters in Electron-Irradiated Gold
    Naoaki Yoshida, Michio Kiritani
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1418-1429
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1418
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    Defect formation in gold by the irradiation of 2.0∼2.5 MeV electrons was studied with a high voltage electron microscope. The formation of dislocation loops by the aggregation of interstitials generally precedes the formation of the defects by vacancies. Permanent sinks, such as specimen surfaces and dislocations, prevent the formation of interstitial type of defects and enhance the formation of vacancy clustered defects. A rapid formation of the vacancy type defects and the simultaneous shrinkage of interstitial type loops after the cessation of the irradiation are observed. Kinetics analysis of the point defect behaviour, standing on the random migration of interstitials and vacancies, explains all the observed various phenomena as the competition processes between two kinds of point defects under various circumstances. The irradiation intensity dependence of the density of interstitial type defects shows that the di-interstitials are their stable nucleus.
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  • Lattice Vibrations of Magnetic Semiconductor Chalcogenide Spinels, Hgx Zn1−x Cr2 Se4
    Kunio Wakamura, Toshihiro Arai, Seinosuke Onari, Keiei Kudo, Tatsuo Ta ...
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1430-1436
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1430
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    The infrared absorption spectra due to the lattice vibrations and the intrinsic transitions in mixed crystals, Hgx Zn1−x Cr2 Se4 have been studied for x=0∼1. Four absorption bands of fundamental lattice vibrations were observed in pure crystals for x=0 and 1, and five intense absorption bands were observed in mixed crystals. The concentration dependence of the three bands shows one-mode type behaviour, whereas that of the other two bands shows two-mode type behaviour. In addition to these bands, a few weak absorption bands were found near the two-mode type absorption bands.
    The concentration dependence of lattice vibration frequencies is interpreted by a simple model which takes into consideration the six force constants. The main features of the model are that the two force constants and the mass relating to the Hg site are varied continuously with the Hg concentration and that two kinds of clusters are taken into consideration.
    For these crystals, the positions of the fundamental absorption edges shift linearly toward lower energy side with the Hg concentration, and the lattice constants determined from X-ray analysis in mixed crystals obey Vegard’s law.
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  • Lattice Vibrations of MgxCd1−xTe Mixed Crystals
    Shin-ichi Nakashima, Takaaki Fukumoto, Akiyoshi Mitsuishi, Kohji Itoh
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1437-1441
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1437
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    Infrared and Raman measurements of lattice vibrations in MgxCd1−xTe mixed crystals have been made in the concentration range x=0∼0.6. The modified random-element isodisplacement model has been applied to explain the concentration dependence of long wavelength longitudinal and transverse optic phonon frequencies in the mixed crystal system. From fitting the computed values to the experimental data we have estimated the static dielectric constant ε0, TO and LO phonons of pure MgTe, and a gap made of Cd in MgTe.
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  • ESR Study of Neutron-Irradiated LiF Crystals
    Yukio Kazumata
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1442-1449
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1442
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    The paramagnetic centers produced in LiF crystals by neutron-irradiation at different temperatures have been studied by ESR. The F-like centers, including F-centers, clustered F-centers and electrons trapped in vacancy clusters, are observed in the crystal irradiated at about 0°C. By irradiation at 80 K, however, the concentration of F-like centers is small, and the molecular ion centers predominate. The two types of interstitial centers, stable even at room temperature, are also observed in this irradiation; models are proposed for the two types. Neutral hydrogen (H°) and tritium (T°) atoms are observed in the irradiations at both room temperature and 80 K. These atoms are trapped in vacancy clusters in the crystals. It is suggested from the results of irradiations between 0°C and 80 K that vacancies evaporated from the zone play an important role in formation of the F-centers. The effects of fast neutrons at liquid helium temperature are described.
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  • Elastic Constants in Cupric Formate Tetrahydrate Single Crystals
    Hiroshi Kameyama, Yoshihiro Ishibashi, Yutaka Yakagi
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1450-1455
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1450
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    Ultrasonic wave velocities in Cu(HCOO)2·4H2O single crystals were measured at room temperature and all of thirteen elastic stiffness constants of this monoclinic crystal were obtained. The directions of both the displacement and the energy flow in sound waves were calculated using the data obtained and the relations between the energy flow directions and the wave normals were discussed.
    The temperature dependences of the ultrasonic wave velocities and the anomalous absorption were also measured with the special care in the vicinity of the transition temperature.
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  • The g-Factors of Interacting Electrons in Silicon Inversion Layers
    Katuhisa Suzuki, Yoshifumi Kawamoto
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1456-1459
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1456
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    Landau’s theory of Fermi liquid is applied to obtain the quasi-particle parameters of the interacting two-dimensional electrons in the surface inversion layers of silicon. The calculated g-factor exhibits a good agreement with the experimental results of Fang and Stiles over a wide range of electron concentration and supports on a firmer ground Janak’s original suggestion that the deviation of the g-factor from the bulk value is caused by the exchange interaction among surface electrons. Similar effects on the effective mass are briefly discussed.
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  • Piezoelectric Lines in Rochelle Salt Crystals
    Jiro Sakami
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1460-1464
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1460
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    Sharp piezoelectric lines from plates of Rochelle salt crystals, composed of a series of equidistant lines, have been quantitatively studied. By the use of a probe, these lines have been confirmed to be excited at certain spots on a crystal. The frequencies of piezoelectric lines from a-, b- or c-plates are inversely proportional to thickness d, and well described by f=1⁄2(p⁄d)(c55⁄ρ)1⁄2 or f=1⁄2(p⁄d)(c66⁄ρ)1⁄2, which are frequencies of the thickness-shear vibration.
    The elastic stiffnesses c55 and c66 have been obtained as a function of temperature, by the measurements of frequencies of priezoelectric lines.
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  • Nonlinear Optical Property of Sodium Nitrite. II. Temperature Dependence of Second Harmonic Generation
    Katsunori Iio, Taketoshi Yanagi
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1465-1471
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1465
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    The nonlinear susceptibility describing second harmonic generation in ferroelectric NaNO2 at the fundamental wavelength 1.153μm was measured as a function of temperature over a range from −100°C to 170°C with a continuous wave He–Ne laser light. Each nonlinear susceptibility component was found to decrease gradually with increasing temperature and not to be linearly proportional to the temperature dependence of the spontaneous polarization. A mechanism of the temperature dependence of the nonlinear susceptibility in NaNO2 is tried to analyze in terms of the torsional motion of NO2− ions.
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  • Plastic Flow in Solid Helium
    Hideji Suzuki
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1472-1479
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1472
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    The plastic deformation of solid helium 4 is investigated by measuring the force required to move steel ball in solid helium at a nearly constant speed. Any force-displacement curve reveals marked yield drop and gradually reaches to a constant force, which is of the order of 2×105 dyn. It is concluded that the plastic flow in solid helium takes place primarily by the motion of dislocations. The force required for steady motion is proportional to the cubic root of the velocity of the steel ball at 2.1 K, but the force increases by about 105 dyn irrespectively of the speed of the steel ball below 1.6 K. Shear stress-shear strain curves of helium crystals are estimated from the force-displacement curves of the steel ball, and are discussed in terms of multiplication and motion of dislocations.
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  • Ferroelectric Phase Transition in Ammonium Hydrogen Bis (Chloroacetate) I. Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance in NH4H(ClCH2COO)2 and ND4D(ClCH2COO)2
    Hideaki Chihara, Akira Inaba, Nobuo Nakamura, Taisei Yamamoto
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1480-1486
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1480
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    Temperature dependence of the 35Cl nuclear quadrupole resonance in NH4H(ClCH2CO2)2 and ND4D(ClCH2CO2)2 showed that there was a single line above 120 K and 130 K, respectively. Below these transition temperatures the spectrum consists of a pair of lines whose separation gradually increases at lower temperatures, being 2.17 times as large in the D salt as in the H salt. The resonance frequencies at 20.1 K were 35.1230 and 35.3680 MHz in the H salt and 35.034 and 35.566 MHz in the D salt. Infrared absorption spectra also showed splitting in the C–Cl stretching band below the transition temperature. Principal values of the electric field gradient tensors at chlorine sites were determined for the two phases of the H salt; the direction of the principal Z axes being to change asymmetrically as the transition point is traversed downwards. Two possible mechanisms, the continuous displacive transition and the order-disorder transition, were examined and shown to account equally well for the experimental results.
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  • Phonon Dispersion, Frequency Spectrum and Specific Heat of Palladium
    Satya Pal, Raji B. Singh
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1487-1491
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1487
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    The phonon dispersion curves, vibrational spectrum and specific heat of palladium have been computed on the basis of the lattice dynamical model of Krebs. The frequency spectrum has been calculated with the help of Blackman’s root sampling technique for a discrete subdivision in the wave vector space. The theoretical results compare well with the experimental data.
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  • Electron State of Ni4N Studied by Electron Diffraction
    Sigemaro Nagakura, Nobuo Otsuka, Yoshihiko Hirotsu
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1492-1495
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1492
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    Low order electron diffraction intensity is affected considerably by the electron state of constituent atoms. By using this fact, determination of the electron state of Ni4N has been carried out by measuring the superstructure reflection intensity from polycrystalline Ni4N films. The result shows that the electron state of nitrogen is slightly negative, i.e. N−0.2±0.2.
    The effect of systematic interaction on the superstructure reflection intensity has been investigated by changing the particle size (50–220Å) and the accelerating voltage (100, 150 and 200 kV), but it has not been found.
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  • Characteristic Energy Loss Spectra and Optical Constants of Some Solid Hydrocarbons
    Toshio Okabe
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1496-1500
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1496
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    Characteristic electron energy loss measurements on some solid hydrocarbons, β-carotene, diphenyl-polyenes and paraffins applying 40 keV electrons are reported. From the energy loss function −Im [1⁄ε(ΔE)] the dielectric constant ε(ΔE) is calculated by means of a Kramers-Kronig transformation. It is possible to divide the optical properties of these compounds into three spectral regions. The low-lying losses below 8 eV observed in β-carotene and diphenyl-polyenes are interpreted by the single excitation of π-electrons. In the range 8 to 16 eV the excitations of σ-electrons are observed. The electron loss at 21 eV is due to the plasma oscillations of π- and σ-electrons.
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  • Electron Transfer between Molecules in Solution
    Sigeo Yomosa
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1501-1508
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1501
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    The rate of electron transfer between molecules in solution especially in the weak coupling case are formulated in the form of overlap integral between two quantum spectra obtainable experimentally. The direction of electron transfer between molecules is predicted from the sign of a theoretical quantity and the irreversible property on the electron transfer between molecules in solution is elucidated. The experimental confirmations of the theory are obtained from Leonhardt-Weller’s and Ishitani-Nagakura’s investigations.
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  • Cyclotron Resonance of Ordinary Electromagnetic Waves in Dense Plasmas
    Kazuo Minami
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1509-1513
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1509
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    The cyclotron resonance of ordinary electromagnetic waves in a dense gaseous plasma is analyzed. The phenomenon is similar to the Azbel Kaner resonance in cryogenic metals. The propagation of slow electromagnetic waves in a dense plasma is investigated in some detail. Numerical calculations of refractive indices of ordinary waves are shown for a wide range of plasma parameters.
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  • Anomalous Penetration of an Ordinary Wave into a Magnetoplasma Slab
    Akio Ishida, Kazuo Kitao
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1514-1521
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1514
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    The penetration of an ordinary wave into an infinite magnetoplasma slab is calculated by adopting the image-metal technique in treating the electrons reflected at the plasma boundaries. After general expressions are derived, the wave frequency is assumed to be near the electron cyclotron frequency because the influence of the thermal motion of electrons is remarkable only for this case. It is found that the evanescent wave penetrates deeply into the slab compared with the case of a cold plasma, and the size effect appears due to the increase of the wave reflection at the plasma-vacuum boundary. The absorptive power due to collisions, evaluated for the limiting case of infinite thickness of the slab, is much larger than the value for a cold plasma and shows the surface effect. These two effects become more noticeable for the higher density and higher temperature of the plasma.
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  • Parametric Excitation of Electron Plasma Oscillations
    Hideo Kozima, Keiichiro Yamagiwa, Nobuyuki Tatsutani, Kiyoe Kato
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1522-1525
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1522
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    Nonlinear phenomena in parametric resonances of electron plasma oscillations predicted and partially found out in previous papers (J. Phys. Soc. Japan 30 (1971) 309 and Rep. Fac. Sci. Shizuoka Univ. 5 (1970) 9) are investigated. A frequency of externally applied electric field fex swept automatically near twice the plasma frequency 2fpe and an amplitude of oscillations excited with resonance frequency fr\simeqfpe are displayed on the X- and Y-axes of a monitor scope, respectively. Threshold values of pumping voltage V0 for the parametric excitation of the oscillation and nonlinear shift of the resonance frequency due to the input voltage Vin were measured, and the asymmetrical hysteresis curve of the excited oscillation amplitude for increasing and decreasing fex was easily observed by convenient method in which the detection frequency fr was swept by a servomotor. Parameters including a collision frequency and an electron density gradient are also determined from experimental data.
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  • Nonlinear Wave Modulation in a Magnetized Collisionless Plasma
    Masashi Kako, Yoichiro Furutani, Yoshi H. Ichikawa, Tosiya Taniuti
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1526-1532
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1526
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    Nonlinear modulation of quasi-monochromatic electromagnetic waves propagating parallel to an external magnetic field is investigated with particular attention to contributions of resonant particles at the group velocity. The contributions of these resonant particles give rise to a nonlocal-nonlinear tram and modify the local-nonlinear term of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. An explicit expression of a coefficient of the nonlocal-nonlinear term is given for a plasma characterized by isotropic Maxwellian velocity distribution functions. In a vanishing temperature limit this coefficient becomes zero and the nonlinear Schrödinger equation agrees with that obtained by using a fluid model.
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  • Formation of a Reversed Flow Bubble in the Time-Mean Wake of a Row of Circular Cylinders
    Hiroyuki Honji
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1533-1536
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1533
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    The time-mean flow past a row of circular cylinders normal to the stream was investigated by means of hydrogen bubble technique over the range of Reynolds numbers between 140 and 700, based on the breadth of the cylinder row. An isolated region of reversed flow was clearly observed at a distance downstream from the cylinder row.
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  • The Derivative-Expansion Method and Nonlinear Dispersive Waves
    Takuji Kawahara
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1537-1544
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1537
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    The method of derivative-expansion with multiple scales is applied in a generalized from to the analysis of weak nonlinear dispersive waves. It is shown that in a certain case a nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which describes a nonlinear slow amplitude modulation of wave trains, can be derived from the condition that the perturbation expansion be free from secular terms. A reduction to the Korteweg-de Vries equation for long waves is also discussed.
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  • Numerical Study of Flow past an Inclined Flat Plate by an Inviscid Model
    Kunio Kuwahara
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1545-1551
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1545
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    Two dimensional vortex shedding behind an inclined flat plate is simulated by point vortex arrays separating from the both edges. The strengths of point vortices are determined from the Kutta condition. The flow round the body is impulsively started from rest with the angle of attack 89°, 75°, 60°, 45° or 30°. The calculated values of drag coefficients in the case of the angle of attack 89° have their marked peak initially and decrease gradually to the values of about one and remain at this stage for some time and then suddenly increase to the values of 4 or 5 and finally oscillate between about 2 and 4. This final stage corresponds to the flow with vortex shedding of Karman’s type. Similar results are obtained in other cases.
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  • Anomalous Thermal Expansion of CoS2
    Naoko Kasai
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1552
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1552
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  • Magnetic Properties of Fe2TiS4
    Shigetoshi Muranaka
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1553
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1553
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  • Neutron Diffraction Study of Ordered Fe (Pd0.53Pt0.47)3 Single Crystal
    Hideoki Kadomatsu, Chikara Inoue, Hironobu Fujii, Tetsuhiko Okamoto
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1554
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1554
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  • Effect of Fluctuations on the Resistive Superconducting Transition in Thallium Films
    Takaaki Magome, Takeshi Imamura, Mieko Ohtsuka
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1555
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1555
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  • Far-Infrared Absorption in Europium Chalcogenides at Low Temperature
    Mikihiko Ikezawa, Takashi Suzuki
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1556
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1556
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  • Relaxation Effects Due to Energy Loss and Intervalley Transfer of Hot Electrons in n-GaAs
    Kazumi Ashida, Masataka Inoue, Junji Shirafuji, Yoshio Inuishi
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1557
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1557
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  • Graphical Discrimination of Localized or Itinerant Electrons in Perovskite Compounds ABO3
    Kiichiro Kamata, Tetsuro Nakamura
    1973 Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 1558
    Published: November 05, 1973
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.35.1558
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