Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
Volume 39, Issue 3
Displaying 1-50 of 54 articles from this issue
  • Ryutaro Ishiwari, Naoko Shiomi, Tamiko Katayama-Kinoshita, Fumiko Sawa ...
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 557-565
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The possibility that the geometrical condition might affect the observed energy loss of heavy charged particles in matter has been considered. The energy losses of 8.78 MeV alpha particles in Al, Cu, Ag and Ta have been measured with good and poor geometries. It has been found that the energy losses observed with good geometry are slightly smaller than those observed with poor geometry. It appears that the geometrical effect may really exist, although the amount of the effect is small and comparable with the statistical uncertainties for the present experimental condition. It has been concluded that this effect is not the origin of the discrepancies between our stopping power data for 7.2 MeV protons and the data of Andersen et al. Some discussions have been made on the comparison of stopping powers for 8.2 MeV alpha particles with those for protons of the same velocity.
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  • M. Satyanarayana Reddi, R. D. Ratna Raju
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 566-568
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The validity of the simplified formula due to Ratna Raju and Hecht for the magnetic moments of the deformed nuclei is tested for the fp shell nuclei. It is found that even though the contribution coming from the correction term is slightly larger than in the case of heavy deformed nuclei, the formula still gives values which compare favourably with experimental values for those nuclei which show some collective features in this shell.
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  • Takemitsu Hasegawa, Masao Shimizu
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 569-573
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The approximation method developed by Lobo et al. for classical distribution function is applied to the spin dependent Wigner distribution function in a quantum system. A quantum mechanical expression for generalized spin susceptibility of an interacting electron gas is derived. Self-consistent numerical calculations of magnetic structure factor and generalized spin susceptibility are carried out for an electron gas at metallic density of electrons. Spin dependent pair distribution function and static spin susceptibility are numerically calculated from the calculated magnetic structure factor. The results for the pair distribution function for antiparallel spins are found to be positive for the entire range of real metallic density of electrons.
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  • Yukio Osaka
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 574-580
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The quantum density oscillations of metal surface have been calculated using the planar uniform-background model of a metal surface. The calculation is carried out with aid of the density-functional formalism of an inhomogeneous electron gas, without the use of the local density approximation. The quantum density oscillation is found to be much larger than the one of the infinite square barrier model of a metal surface.
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  • Kaoru Yamafuji, Teruko Kawashima, Hayao Ichikawa
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 581-587
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    When a transport current is applied to a wire of nonideal type II superconductor in the presence of a longitudinal magnetic field, it is shown that any reasonable solution of the critical-state model cannot be found on the quasi-static flux-distribution so far as the flux motion is assumed to occur only in the radial direction. In addition, the experimental results given by Timms and LeBlanc on the magnetization of a slab in a similar configuration are discussed by the critical-state model, and it is also shown that the observed tendencies can be explained only if the flux motion is assumed to be not one-dimensional but three-dimensional. These suggest that the quasi-static flux-distribution in the wire of this configuration might not hold the translational and rotational invariances along and around the wire axis.
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  • Masahiro Okaji, Jun Kida, Takashi Watanabe
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 588-595
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The measurements of specific heats, isentropic curves and isothermal susceptibilities under an external field are carried out for single crystals of CoBr2·6H2O. The hysteresis is observed at the phase boundary between antiferromagnetic (AF) and spin-flopping (SF) states. The molecular field constants are calculated from the magnetic specific heat and the magnetic phase diagram. The two kinds of path in exchange interaction at the ab plane, so called J1 and J2 are estimated as 1.75kB and 1.13kB respectively. The other path of exchange interaction J3 along the c axis, is determined as 0.57kB. The critical exponents of specific heat near the Néel point are shown as α=0.6±0.1 and α′=−0.1±0.1 at zero magnetic field.
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  • Satoru Inagaki
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 596-604
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    The role of orbital degeneracy and intra-atomic exchange for the possible origin of ferromagnetism in transition metals is investigated assuming doubly degenerate bands with intra-atomic Coulomb and exchange interactions. Roth showed in the narrow band limit with one electron per atom that the ground state is ferromagnetic with a superlattice ordering with respect to the orbital states. It is found here that there exist two phase transitions at finite temperatures. At the higher transition temperature only the superlattice ordering of the orbital states appears. The spin susceptibility, which obeys at higher temperatures the antiferromagnetic Curie-Weiss law, is modified by the appearance of this orbital ordering and finally it goes over into a ferromagnetic behavior with the help of intra-atomic exchange. Ferromagnetism thus occurs at the lower transition temperature. This conclusion is suggested in a two-atom system and is confirmed within a molecular field approximation.
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  • Kazuo Ueda, Tôru Moriya
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 605-615
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The electrical and thermal resistivities due to the spin fluctuations in weakly and nearly ferromagnetic metals are studied by using the s-d band model and the self-consistently renormalized spin fluctuation theory for the d-band electrons. The resistivities are calculated in the whole temperature range of interest and their temperature dependences are discussed in detail. The resistivities are shown to be suppressed significantly by the renormalization from those calculated by using the RPA results for the spin fluctuations. Particularly the electrical resistivity can have a tendency towards saturation with increasing temperature.
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  • Tadao Ishii
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 616-617
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    The Rodriguez model of metals is approached from Bardeen-Pines-Harrison’s spirit, in that the microscopic interpretations of elastic stiffness constants and electric fields can be made. The constructive equations of the electron-photon-phonon system are also derived.
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  • Takashi Odagaki, Naofumi Ogita, Hirotsugu Matsuda
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 618-624
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    The percolation theory is extended to a thermal equilibrium state of an interacting particle system. By a computer simulation method, percolation process in a square lattice gas model is studied in super-critical regions. Critical percolation density is found to be an increasing function of temperature. The critical index of percolation probability is almost independent of temperature and 0.145±0.027. The result obtained in the lattice gas model is applied to the metal-insulator transition in super-critical fluid metals and an effect of the atomic configuration to the transition is studied. A phase diagram of the transition is obtained. The percolation aspect of the conductivity near the critical point is discussed.
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  • Kazuo Hattori
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 625-627
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The polaron strong-coupling theory is applied to the problem of an electron on a spheroidal energy surface strongly interacting with longitudinal optical phonons. The self-energy and the transverse and longitudinal polaron masses are calculated.
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  • Kenji Miyakawa
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 628-633
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The critical dynamical behavior of homeotropic nematic liquid crystals heated from above is investigated in connection with the convection instability. This is done by employing the Boussinesq approximation and an incompressibility assumption, and basing on the linearized hydrodynamic equations. It is found that one of the viscous modes and the combinational mode of “twist” and “bending” remain unchanged, whereas, one of the coupling modes among the thermal diffusion mode, the viscous mode and the combinational mode of “splay” and “bending” shows the critical slowing down, when the instability threshold is approached. An explicit expression for the correlation function which describes the light scattering is obtained. Its power spectrum, which reduces to a single Lorenzian at the equilibrium state, breaks up into three Lorenzians as the temperature gradient increases.
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  • Teruo Matsushita, Kaoru Yamafuji, Nobuyoshi Sakamoto
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 634-642
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The current-voltage characteristics of a type II superconducting foil is calculated in terms of the generalized time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations in case of a superposed small ac magnetic field. The displacement of fluxoids inside the pinning potential is obtained by solving the force balance equation which is derived by minimizing the Helmholtz free energy. The result shows that the mechanism proposed by Derlieu which is based on the critical state model is not fully applicable for a high magnetic field near Hc2. Nondissipative component of a transport current density differs from the assumption made by Derlieu and is not always equal to the critical current density. This is due to the fact that the displacement of a fluxoid cannot attain its maximum value since the fluxoid lattice has a large shear modulus c44 whereas an effective spring constant is very small in the vicinity of Hc2.
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  • K. Sugawara, C. Y. Huang
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 643-646
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    Electron paramagnetic resonance of Gd3+ diluted in intermetallic compounds YX (where X is one of the group-VA elements, P, As and Sb) has been studied from 4.2 K to 300 K. The data can be interpreted by employing Hasegawa’s theory. It has been shown that the systems approach the isothermal limit when the Gd3+concentration in YAs and YSb is less than 1 atomic per cent. The temperature-dependent linewidth increases drastically with increasing lattice constants of the hosts.
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  • Katsutoshi Iwahashi, Takeshi Sugiura, Yoshika Masuda
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 647-655
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    The electrical conductivity and magneto-resistance of CrSx (x=1.50, 1.47 and 1.42) single crystals were measured as functions of temperatures. These results were compared with the calculations of the conductivity based on the hopping conduction model in which the effects of the magnetic ordering are taken into account. The conductivity of CrSx was well described by the hopping mechanism which an electron hopping occurs within one magnetic sublattice. The temperature dependence of the susceptibility of the sublattice magnetization of b-site were evaluated from the measured negative magneto-resistance of CrS1.50.
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  • Mikio Takano, Yasuo Takeda, Masahiko Shimada, Takao Matsuzawa, Teruya ...
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 656-660
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Ca1−xSrxMn0.99Sn0.01O3(0≤x≤1) with (nearly) cubic perovskite structures were prepared and the magnetic hyperfine fields of 119Sn(Sn4+) were measured by the Mössbauer effect. The hyperfine fields arise from unpaired s electron spin densities transferred from Mn4+ ions (super-transferred hyperfine interaction). The hyperfine field for a tin ion was found to depend linearly upon the numbers of Ca2+ and Sr2+ ions in the neighboring divalent cation sites, with proportional coefficients having opposite signs. To explain experimental results two kinds of spin transfer processes contributing to the hyperfine field oppositely to each other have been considered, and spin transfer via a divalent cation is emphasized particularly. The hyperfine field at 0 K for Sn4+ in CaMnO3 is −75 kOe, while +20 kOe for Sn4+ in SrMnO3.
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  • Taketoshi Hibiya, Yasuharu Hidaka, Shozo Fujiwara, Koichi Matsumi
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 661-664
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    It has been observed that the inclination angle of the easy magnetization axis is larger than that of the [111] axis in LPE bubble garnet films grown on GGG substrates slightly inclined from the (111) plane. This phenomenon was investigated in the light of Gyorgy’s 2-parameter model. The relationship between the inclination of the easy magnetization axis and that of the [111] axis was explained by employing −1.8 and −0.9 as the 2-parameter ratios, AB, for (Y, Eu)3(Fe, Ga)5O12 and (Er, Eu)3(Fe, Ga)5O12 garnet films, respectively.
    The result suggests that the substrate surfaces of these garnets should be made up at least within ±0.25° and ±1.1° in reference to the (111) plane, depending on the magnitude of AB for actual device works.
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  • Masaaki Kontani, Tatsumi Hioki, Yoshika Masuda
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 665-671
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The temperature and external field dependences of 91Zr nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in ZrZn2 have been measured in the respective range from 1.4 to 300 K and from 25 to 90 kOe. From the diagram of the Knight shift K(T) vs susceptibility χ(T), the hyperfine field due to d-spin, Hhf(d), and the orbital contributions to the Knight shift and the susceptibility, Korb and χorb, were determined to be −27.5 kOe/μB, 0.59% and 32.4×1029 emu/atom, respectively. The d-spin contribution to the susceptibility χd(T) was also obtained. The external field dependence of the internal field at 91Zr, HiZr, in the ferromagnetic state was analyzed in terms of the hyperfine fields proportional to d-moment and to external field H0. This gives −3.30 kOe for HiZr extrapolated to H0=0 and −25.3 kOe/μB for Hhf(d).
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  • Masaaki Kontani, Tatsumi Hioki, Yoshika Masuda
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 672-674
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    The distribution of the internal fields at Cr and Mo nuclei produced by a sinusoidal spin order in Cr–Mo alloys was measured as a function of Mo concentration by the pulsed NMR technique.
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  • Yoshikazu Ishikawa, Masahumi Kohgi, Yasuhisa Noda
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 675-683
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    The antiferromagnetic structure of a γFe0.7Ni0.15Cr0.15 has been investigated with a triple axis neutron spectrometer. The magnetic scattering has been observed at 4.2 K around both the (110) and (001) reciprocal lattice points. It has been found that the 110 scattering is a pure Bragg reflection which disappears at TN of 26±1 K. On the other hand, the 001 scattering was found to be purely quasi-elastic scattering, the profile of which depends strongly on the incident neutron energy. The results suggest that γ-Fe–Ni–Cr has a long range antiferromagnetic order of γ-Mn type with a sublattice magnetic moment of 0.3±0.1 μB per atom aligned along the [001] direction. The components of spins perpendicular to the [001] axis have only a short range correlation and they fluctuate in time even at 4.2 K. The results for neutron scattering in a magnetic field of 47 kOe suggest that the induced moment can be interpreted by the canting of the antiferromagnetic spins in the field direction.
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  • Shuzo Kawata, Takao Kino
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 684-691
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    The electrical resistivity of dilute alloys of aluminum with Mg, Si, Cu, Zn and Ag as solute, respectively, has been measured together with the resistivity of pure aluminum from 4.2 to 300 K as a function of the solute concentration (0.001∼1 at%), to determine the deviation Δ from Matthiessen’s rule. At intermediate temperatures, the humps have been observed in the curves of Δ⁄ρ00: residual resistivity) versus temperature. The hump moves toward lower temperature and becomes more sharp and higher as the solute content decreases. These behaviors can be explained in terms of the anisotropy of the nonequilibrium electron distribution function. At lower temperatures, Δ does not follow a well defined Tn law and it is attributed to simultaneous scattering by at least two processes. At high temperatures above about 100 K, Δ increases or decreases linearly with temperature.
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  • Juichiro Arai
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 692-697
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    In order to investigate the effect of inhomogeneity on the Invar anomaly, the Mössbauer effect, the temperature dependence of magnetization and the thermal expansion were measured for an Invar alloy with various degrees of inhomogeneity which was introduced by heating a foil of 30.3% Ni–Fe, electroplated with nickel, at 1000°C for various periods of time. An analysis of the peculiar shapes of the Mössbauer spectra and the magnetization vs temperature curves reveals that there exists a very large fluctuation of magnetic moment and Curie temperature in the specimen. Furthermore, the thermal expansion is negative or zero in a wide temperature range and exhibits anisotropy. These observations indicate that the inhomogeneity enhances the Invar anomaly. These results are discussed on the basis of the thermodynamical relation between the thermal expansion coefficient and the internal stress piled up in the specimen.
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  • Yoshiaki Kogure, Yosio Hiki
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 698-707
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    Simultaneous measurements of the thermal conductivity and specific heat of copper-aluminum (2, 5, 8, and 12 at.%) alloy crystals have been done by the temperature-wave method at 1.4–7.5 K. Specimens containing dislocations of medium (1010 cm−2) and high (1012 cm−2) densities were used. In the case of crystals of medium dislocation density, the lattice thermal conductivity data were well explained by the mechanism of the strain-field scattering of phonons, and the numerical results agreed with those recently calculated by the authors. The lattice specific heat of the crystals was found to be strongly decreased by the introduction of dislocations, and the results were interpreted by considering the effect of atmosphere of alloying atoms. Anomalous behaviors of the specific heat and thermal conductivity were found in crystals of high dislocation density. The origin was assumed to be quasi-local phonon modes around dislocations, and the analysis of the data along this idea gave reasonable results.
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  • Hiroshi Kaino
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 708-714
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Transient hole-photocurrents were measured in the direction perpendicular to bc-plane of a pyrene-TCNE single crystal. In order to interpret behaviours of photoresponses to the applied voltage and the series resistance, a model, that the crystal has surface layers, where the density of carrier trapping- or recombination-centers is higher than that in a bulk, was proposed.
    This model explained satisfactorily the experimental results. Life times in the bulk, that in the surface layer and mobility of carriers were estimated to be about 10−6 sec, 10−7 sec and 10−2 cm2 V−1 sec−1 respectively.
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  • Yoshitaka Takubo, Takao Koda
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 715-719
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    The absorption edge spectra are investigated on CuCl, CuBr and CuCl,Br between 4∼450 K. The observed temperature- and photon energy-dependences are analyzed in terms of the Urbach rule, and the parameters, E0, σ and K0, for this rule are determined experimentally. The dynamical properties of excitons in cuprous halides are discussed basing upon the recent theory of the Urbach rule. Discussion is also made on the effect of disordered lattice on the Urbach parameters from the experimental results on CuCl,Br mixed crystals.
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  • Takehisa Yoshinari, Masamitsu Hirai
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 720-725
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    Excitation spectra for the intrinsic luminescence induced by two-photon absorption in KI and RbI single crystals have been studied at LHeT, and a weak coupling between the 2p exciton and LO phonon has been suggested. A sharp peak appears at 6.197±0.003eV or 6.127±0.003eV in the excitation spectra of KI or RbI. respectively, and is assigned to the 2p exciton band. This peak is followed by small peaks separated by 17.3±0.6meV or 12 meV, which almost coincides with the LO phonon energy, 17.94meV or 13.34meV, at the Γ point in each crystal. The coupling between excitons and phonons in KI and RbI is discussed.
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  • Kenji Ema, Katsumi Hamano, Ichiro Hatta
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 726-734
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    By use of a capacitance method, the thermal expansions of NaNO2 (TC=163.9°C, TN=165.2°C) along the a-, b- and c-axes were measured from −180°C to 240°C with the accuracy of 1×10−6 cm in Δl. Anomalies associated with the phase transitions were observed over the wide temperature range 100 to 200°C. The thermal expansion showed a distinct jump at TC, and the thermal expansion coefficient exhibited a divergent character near TN. The critical exponents were found to be 0.34∼0.36 for T>TN and 0.09∼0.20 for T<TN. These agree very well with those of the specific heat. It was revealed that the Néel temperature determined by the analysis of the thermal expansion data lies 0.1∼0.2 deg below the peak position of the dielectric constant. The pressure dependences of the transition points deduced from the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and the Pippard equation were found to agree with the result of the hydrostatic pressure experiment.
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  • Tomoyuki Takeuchi
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 735-740
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    Acceleration motion of a screw dislocation is treated as a problem of an elastic continuum. The mechanical state around a moving dislocation under an applied stress is analysed with the use of the energy flow in an elastic field. The equation of motion is obtained on the basis of energy conservation: the energy inflow at the center of a moving dislocation is converted into kinetic energy of the elastic field around the dislocation. Numerical solutions are given for the free motion under a uniform stress and also for the motion with viscous force.
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  • Noriyuki Nakatani
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 741-745
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Cleavage surfaces of TGS were examined mainly by a differential interference microscope. When the cleavage propagating direction is roughly along the c-axis at the ferroelectric phase, the cleavage plane is slightly inclined to the b-plane. The inclination always directs toward the c-axis, but the magnitude is indefinite. The cleavage propagates with inclining toward the side of the positive end of the spontaneous polarigation. The sense of the inclination is reversed with the polarity of domain and with the direction of the cleavage propagation. Cleavage steps are formed at domain boundaries by such an inclination. When the cleavage propagates perpendicularly to the c-axis, the cleavage plane is not inclined.
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  • Yasunori Tominaga, Terutaro Nakamura
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 746-752
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    The temperature dependence of the dispersion relation of the over-damped E-polariton in BaTiO3 is presented. The low-frequency dielectric constant εa has been obtained from the slope of the polariton dispersion relation. From the best fit of the spectra, both the quasi-harmonic frequency of E-phonon ω0 and its damping constant γ were determined. The values of the dielectric constant εa were compared to those obtained from the capacitance measurements. The discrepancy of the temperature dependence of the dielectric constants in several frequency regions suggests that there is a dielectric dispersion of the relaxation type around a few hundred MHz.
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  • Eiko Hiroike
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 753-758
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    Effect of the electron correlation on long-range proton spin-spin couplings is investigated by utilizing the modified Hartree-Fock operator. It is shown that the electron correlation in the ground singlet state of a molecule plays an important role in the evaluation of the coupling constant.
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  • Masahiro Kimura, Tadashi Nishitani
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 759-763
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    The vibrational and rotational population distributions expected of the diatomic species AB just after splitting from the tri-atomic complex [ABC] have been calculated on the basis of the statistical model including the law of angular momentum conservation. It has been shown that the angular momentum possessed by the complex [ABC] exerts considerable influence upon the initial and non-thermal distribution of populations in the vibrational and rotational levels of AB.
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  • Takeshi Kambara, Kazuhiro Suzuki, Ken Ichiro Gondaira
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 764-771
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    The electronic states of a tetrahedral cluster of a Fe ion and four S ions are calculated in order to obtain the electronic structure around a Fe ion in I–III–VI2 compounds. The LCAO-MO scheme is used with account of configuration interactions (CI). The ground state is found to have 6A1 symmetry and two 6T2 states, to which allowed transitions are expected, are obtained in an energy region below the fundamental absorption edge, in agreement with experiments. It is remarked that the ground 6A1 state arises by no means from the pure atomic d5 configuration: mixing of charge transferred configurations is quite large. The energies of quartet states (4T1, 4T2) are lower than those of the corresponding sextet states (6T1, 6T2) in harmony with the observed optical spectra. Account of CI is essential to the findings.
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  • Jyoji Murakami
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 772-779
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    Translational friction coefficient and intrinsic viscosity of rigid cylindrical macromolecules are calculated by the method of Edwards and Oliver and its extension to intrinsic viscosity. The results are in agreement with previous investigations asymptotically for large L⁄α(L is the length of the axis, α is the radius, of the cylinder). The origin of the discrepancy found in a numerical constant is discussed.
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  • Masahiro Inoue, Sayaka Yoshino, Makoto Okazaki
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 780-786
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    A method for calculating the electronic density of states of the system with local order is presented. For the system, we set up a model of cluster of atoms embedded in the effective medium. The local order is taken into account by the atomic configuration in a cluster. The potential due to the surrounding medium is assumed to be energy-dependent complex constant. Value of the potential is determined self-consistently from the condition that the system gives rise no averaged forward-scattering. This condition provides us E-k relation of the system. An expression of the local density of states is derived.
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  • Sayaka Yoshino, Masahiro Inoue, Makoto Okazaki
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 787-794
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    Electronic density of states of amorphous Si is investigated with the use of the self-consistent cluster theory developed in the preceding paper. E-k relations and local densities of states are calculated for 1-, 2- and 8-atom cluster cases. Effect of local orders is elucidated by comparing the results in these three cases. Density of states with pseudogap at the Fermi energy is obtained for 8-atom cluster case, in which the two central atoms are in the tetrahedral environment. By using the sp3 hybridized orbitals the structure in state density is analyzed and the origin of the pseudogap is clarified to be the bonding-anti-bonding splitting of the hybridized orbitals.
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  • Yoshihide Yamamoto, Shun-Ichi Kishimoto, Hideo Akimune, Tokuo Suita
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 795-802
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    The effects of external inhomogeneous high-frequency field on the flute instability is studied theoretically from a point of view of non-linear particle interaction instead of an approach using a time averaged quasi-static potential or the Mathieu stability diagram. In this paper, it is assumed that the electric field component of the high-frequency field is perpendicular to the steady state confining magnetic field. It turns out that the hf field can compensate the perturbation of the flute instability with the aid of the ion drift induced by the field. The results appear to show that this field has the stabilizing effect in case that ω0ci and has the exciting effect in case that ω0ci, provided that the hf intensity increases with distance outwardly from the plasma, where ω0 is the hf field frequency and ωci is the ion cyclotron frequency.
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  • Katsunobu Nishihara
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 803-807
    Published: September 15, 1975
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    Initial value problems on triple solitary waves in resonant interaction of three wave packets are solved by numerical computation of the coupled wave equations. The triple solitary waves are found to be solitons in the sense that the waves preserve their initial identities upon collisions with the other waves. It is also shown that even in a weakly inhomogeneous plasma, the triple solitary waves are formed by nonlinear interaction of the packets, and they propagate without deformation of their envelopes.
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  • Tadatsugu Hatori, Ryo Sugihara
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 808-814
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Ion heating or high energy ion tail formation due to an ion acoustic turbulence is considered using a model. The model requires the following assumptions; broad ion resonance, and the resonance region moving toward a higher velocity regime as time passes. A diffusion equation based on the above model is derived using the diffusion coefficient obtained by Dupree. The equation is analytically solved and under plausible assumptions it is found that the tail distribution is proportional to exp(−vu0), u0 being the width of the resonance (the trapping velocity). The theory is compared with experiments and is found to explain qualitatively the results although the theory is one dimensional.
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  • Ri’ichi Matsuzaki
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 815-821
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A set of equations governing the quasi-one-dimensional, nonequilibrium flow of partially ionized nitrogen gas is formulated, where the inelastic sources of both the electron-catalyzed ionization-recombination and the exchange with vibrational energy of N2 are taken into account in the electron energy equation. The set of equations is applied to the study of the flow properties of partially ionized nitrogen gas in a convergent-divergent nozzle. Calculations show that at a low plenum temperature, the exchange with N2 vibration is the primary source of electron energy in the nonequilibrium expansion through the nozzle, and at a high plenum temperature, the electron-catalyzed ionization-recombination reaction becomes an important source of the electron energy.
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  • Yoshikazu Ishikawa, Susumu Ikeda, Chikahide Akiba
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 823-824
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Yoshiaki Tanaka, Norikiyo Uryû
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 825-826
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The ground states of the triangular Ising system with the nearest and next nearest neighbor interactions are obtained by the analytical way. It is pointed out that the ground state with 4×4 repeating unit cell exists besides the ground states obtained by Metcalf with the use of computer simulation.
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  • Hironobu Ikeda, Ichiro Hatta, Akira Ikushima, Kinshiro Hirakawa
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 827-828
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Precise measurements of specific heat near the antiferromagnetic transition of a two-dimensional Ising-like magnet K2CoF4 are carried out. The results are analyzed using asymptotic critical exponent expressions to obtain its parameters and yield a logarithmically infinite singularity in marked agreement with Onsager’s exact solution for the two-dimensional Ising model.
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  • Nobutake Imamura, Toshihiko Kobayashi
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 829-830
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    We have found that the co-evaporated film of Gd–Fe possesses a perpendicular easy axis anisotropy sufficient to cause the magnetization to be normal to the film plane. The critical thickness to obtain the perpendicular domain is about 500 Å at the room temperature. However, both Gd–Co and Gd–Ni alloy films do not possess a perpendicular easy axis anisotropy in the thickness range from 0 to 1000 Å.
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  • Ryo Suzuki, Yutaka Sugita
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 831-832
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Bubble velocity has been measured for various bias fields between the bubble collapse and run-out fields by the bubble transport method. In a high mobility garnet film, bubble velocity does not show any scatter for the bias fields near the collapse field, but it shows a large scatter for the bias fields near the run-out field. On the other hand, in a low mobility garnet film, the bubble velocity does not show any scatter for any bias field. These results indicate that the velocity scatter is caused by the dynamic conversion and that the dynamic conversion cannot occur easily when a bias field is near the collapse field.
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  • Hiromasa Hirakawa, Kenichi Muto
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 833-834
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Dynamic polarization of deuterons in a single crystal of La2Mg3(NO3)12·24D2O doped with Nd ions has been measured at 1.4 K with pumping by 35 GHz microwave. The 48 hfs components of DMR are identified with the sites of deuterons, and the enhancement factors are determined for each of them. The dependence of the polarization on the magnetic field agrees with the calculation based on the differential solid state effect. A possible effect of the quadrupole relaxation is noted.
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  • Hiroshi Hatanaka, Takehiko Terao, Tsuneo Hashi
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 835-836
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The coherent superposition of the states between which magnetic dipole transition is forbidden has been excited and detected by means of a multi-step application of resonant rf pulses in a three-level NMR system. The experiment was carried out on 27Al nuclei in Al2O3 where the quantization axes of the quadrupole and the magnetic coupling were parallel. Free decay and echo signals associated with the coherence were observed, and transfer of coherence between nonresonant pairs of levels was studied in detail.
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  • Osamu Terasaki, Denjiro Watanabe, Masashi Sahashi, Kengo Adachi
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 837-838
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Compton profiles of disulfides, FeS2, CoS2 and NiS2, have been measured with γ-ray from an 241Am source uing the powdered specimens, and the observed J(pz) curves have been compared with the calculated ones for two kinds of models, M0S20 and M2+S2.
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  • Koji Chiba, Kunio Suzuki, Soshin Chikazumi
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 839-840
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Diffuse electron scattering was observed for magnetite just above the Verwey transition temperature. At the (400) type reciprocal lattice points diffuse streaks appeared to stretch along one of the ⟨100⟩ directions when observed for the (001) plane and along the [1\bar10] direction for the (110) plane. No critical scattering was observed at the (200) type reciprocal lattice points which are the characteristic points for the Verway ordering.
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  • Takehiko Matsumoto, Taro Ito, Yasuo Sasaki
    1975 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 841-842
    Published: September 15, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The effect of the addition of hydrogen on the linewidth of 93Nb NMR absorption curve in Nb0.95V0.05 alloy has been studied. The linewidth is decreased by the addition of hydrogen. The result is explained by the formation of vanadium-hydrogen pair.
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