Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
Volume 42, Issue 2
Displaying 1-50 of 58 articles from this issue
  • Masaharu Yasue, Hideaki Yokomizo, Sigeru Kubono, Katsuji Koyama, Suehi ...
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 367-375
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The reactions 12C(p, t)10C and 12C(p, 3He)10B have been studied at 51.9-MeV incident energy. Obtained angular distributions have been analyzed in terms of zero-range DWBA theory. Several Jπ and T assignments are confirmed. In addition, the 5.28-MeV and 6.60-MeV states in 10C have been assigned to be 2+ states corresponding to the 7.50-MeV and 8.90-MeV states in 10B, respectively, and the 5.55-MeV state in 10C to be 0+. The relative spectroscopic strengths for the transfer reactions are compared with predictions from Cohen and Kurath wave functions. The ratios of strengths of (p, t) and (p, 3He) transitions to final analog states are discussed.
    Download PDF (1068K)
  • Masao Ogawa, Eiichi Arai
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 376-381
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Levels in 22Ne, 22Na and 27Al were excited via (α, n) or (α, p) reactions. Using the recoil-distance method, mean lives (in ps) have been obtained for excited states (keV) in the residual nuclei: 22Ne(1274)=4.95±0.71, 22Na(891)=13.9±0.8, 22Na(1528)=5.93±0.65, 22Na(2211)=19.7±1.8, 27Al(844)=42.3±5.5 and 27Al(1014)=2.44±0.35.
    Download PDF (584K)
  • Hajime Ohnuma, Teruo Suehiro, Tetsumi Tanabe, Satoru Yamada
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 382-390
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The 28Si(p, d) and 18O(p, d) reactions have been studied at Ep=51.9 MeV with a magnetic spectrometer. Experimental angular distributions are compared with the distorted-wave Born approximation theory and the adiabatic theory for deuteron breakup. Results of the analysis corroborate the conclusions obtained in a previous study of the 58Ni(p, d) reaction, indicating the deficiency of the conventional DWBA theory in describing (p, d) angular distributions at relatively high incident energies.
    Download PDF (1072K)
  • Masaru Tsukada
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 391-398
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The phonon dispersion relation of the Wigner lattice in MOS inversion layers under strong magnetic field is investigated by the effective Hamiltonian for the center coordinates of the cyclotron motion. The transverse phonon velocity is calculated in the self-consistent harmonic approximation as a function of the temperature for various carrier concentrations and for various values of the impurity potential strength. The phase diagram is obtained by plotting the critical concentration for the vanishing of the real solution of the phonon velocity. The calculated melting concentration is compared with the observed immobile carrier density in the Si MOS.
    Download PDF (968K)
  • Masahiko Hosoya
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 399-407
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Thermodynamic potentials in the Landau theory are shown to be under a certain artificial restriction as to their symmetry properties. A new phenomenological theory which has not this fault is proposed and applied to some symmetry problems. It is concluded that there are 116 nonmagnetic species of phase transitions which can be of second order with no multiplication of the lattice constant. The new theory alters the faintness indices and the orders of state shift in Aizu’s theories. Contradictions between experimental results and theoretical predictions the phase transition of Boracite are solved by the present theory.
    Download PDF (1000K)
  • Akio Kotani
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 408-415
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Self-consistent treatments of the Peierls instability both for a commensurate (C) phase with Q=π⁄a arid an incommensurate (IC) phase are made with the mean-field approximation, Q and a being the wave number of the lattice displacement and the lattice constant, respectively. The behaviors of harmonics with wave numbers nQ are studied in the IC-phase. When Q is well away from π⁄a, the amplitudes of harmonics are very small, but as Q approaches π⁄a, odd harmonics grow remarkably. The self-consistent solution of the IC-phase is shown to become equivalent, in the limit of Q→π⁄a, to that of the C-phase, only when all the odd harmonics are taken into account self-consistently.
    Download PDF (808K)
  • Akio Kotani
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 416-423
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Numerical calculations for an incommensurate phase in the Peierls instability are carried out at zero temperature by taking account of a sufficiently large number of electronic states coupled by the potential of the lattice displacement and by treating the effect of third and fifth harmonics self-consistently. Total energy of the system, amplitudes of harmonies and the pattern of the lattice displacement are calculated by changing the deviation from half-occupancy of the conduction band. The effect of harmonics is found to be essentially important in the close neighbor-hood of the half-filled case. The results extrapolated to the half-filled case are satisfactorily consistent with our analytic calculations in a preceding paper.
    Download PDF (1060K)
  • Kêitsiro Aizu
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 424-432
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The basic concepts, “rank” etc., that were previously introduced for homophone sequences of transitions are extended to heterophone cases, viz., cases in which the soft mode system consists of two or more different sets of degenerate modes. This situation that there are two or more different sets also causes new problems which did not occur in the previous cases. These problems are investigated.
    Download PDF (1104K)
  • Masatoshi Sato, Kinshiro Hirakawa
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 433-436
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The fluid motion induced by the external electric field in nematic (p-ethoxybenzylidene)-p-butylaniline was observed by detecting the electrical conductivity. The relaxation time of this motion was determined in the cases of the linear and nonlinear responses. The results are analysed on the basis of the idea that the convection instability can be described as a second order phase transition, and are consistent with the time dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory within the molecular field approximation. It gives an example of the linear-nonlinear crossover behavior of the critical exponent of the relaxation time.
    Download PDF (480K)
  • Takefumi Tsuboi, Takao Suzuki
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 437-444
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The electronic specific heat of fine particles of Sn with the average radius ranging 130–1100 Å has been measured over a temperature range of 0.4Tc–1.5Tc. As the particle size decreases, the peak of the specific heat due to the superconducting transition shifts towards lower temperature and becomes broader. This behavior is interpreted as the fluctuations in “zero-dimensional” superconductors. The temperature width of the critical region teaches 0.1Tc for the smallest particles. A method of normalization of the specific heat is proposed to describe the fluctuation specific heat around Tc. By use of this method, the experimental data for different particle sizes can be normalized to a unified form.
    Download PDF (1012K)
  • Kazuo Yamagata, Masahiro Hayama, Tadashi Odaka
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 445-452
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Proton resonance experiments up to 60 MHz(14 k0e) were made at 4.2 K. The observed strong field-dependence of nmr spectra is attributed to a field-induced structure change from a 4-sublattice state to a 2-sublattice state. The origin of the transition is ascribed to the two-dimensional character of the interaction path. Rotation of the antiferromagnetic axis was observed in the 2-sublattice state by changing the field direction. The origin of this movement is attributed to the weak ferromagnetism mostly arising from the inequivalence of g-tensors of two copper ions in the unit cell. The large spin-reduction reported by Dupas and Renard was not found in the high field state.
    Download PDF (960K)
  • Masakazu Kunitomo, Hiroshi Hatanaka, Tsuneo Hashi
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 453-461
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Modification of the Zeeman energy by the non-resonant oscillating field in the rotating frame is observed in NMR’s of condensed matters. Corresponding modification of the energy matching condition of the nuclear double resonance in the rotating frame is investigated. Observation of rotary echoes formed by the application of the non-resonant oscillating field is also reported. In the analysis, the effects of the non-resonant oscillating field are treated semi-classically.
    Download PDF (1108K)
  • Jun Akimitsu, Yoshikazu Ishikawa
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 462-469
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The magnetic neutron scattering from a single crystal of MnTiO3. has been studied. The static magnetic susceptibility has shown two dimensional character above TN. The sublattice magnetization, however, follows a power law with β=0.32±0.01 as in a three dimensional antiferromagnet. A quasi elastic neutron scattering has been observed in the vicinity of the Néel temperature with anisotropic three dinaensional correlations. When temperature increases, the scattering profile transforms gradually to a ridge-like form, indicating that the two dimensional correlations develope at about 16 K above TN. The values of critical exponents in the three dimensional critical region coincide with the theoretical values of the three dimensional Ising system.
    Download PDF (1016K)
  • Hiroki Itoh, Syôhei Miyahara
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 470-472
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The magnetic susceptibility of MnSe2 with pyrite structure was measured from 4.2 K to 473 K. The susceptibility changes discontinuously at the Néel point TN(47.4 K) and its change δχ is −0.016 in terms of the maximum. The linear thermal expansion of the polycrystalline sample was measured from 20 K to 280 K by a strain gauge method. MnSe2 contracts discontinuously at TN as it is cooled, which indicates a first order phase transition. The change ΔL(TN)⁄L273 is −6.5×10−5. On the basis of the assumptions that exchange interactions vary as −nth power of inter-ionic distance and that the discontinuous change of the susceptibility is due only to the isotropic volume contraction, n is calculated to be 246 from δχ and ΔL(TN)⁄L273 by molecular field theory. From this extraordinary large value of n, it is suggested that an anisotropic lattice distortion occurs below TN in MnSe2.
    Download PDF (328K)
  • Yoshitami Ajiro, Muneki Hamashima
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 473-475
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Proton spin-lattice relaxation time T1 was measured at low temperature in the typical S=1⁄2 one-dimensional antiferromagnets, CuCl2·2NC5H5 and Cu(C6H5COO)2·3H2O. From a combined discussion with an available data of ESR line width, the weak temperature dependence (1⁄T1T−0.25) is attributable to the weak divergence of the staggered spin correlation ⟨SK0zSK0z⟩, possibly being less divergent than T−0.25.
    Download PDF (356K)
  • Yoshikazu Endo, Takuma Ishikawa
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 476-483
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Spin-1 Heisenberg ferromagnet with both axial anisotropy, Dl(Slz)2, and rhombic anisotropy, El{(Slx)2−(Sly)2}, are studied from a viewpoint of the collective mode. The parameter D is positive and much larger than exchange integral, and E is smaller than D. The double-time temperature dependent Green functions are used under the random phase approximation in order to calculate the collective mode and to determine the phase boundaries. The paramagnetic phase are divided into two regions from the character of the collective mode. The one is the region where the collective mode is similar to libron and the other that the collective mode is conventional spin-wave. It is shown that the rhombic anisotropy has a significant effect on the libron mode, whereas not on the spin-wave mode.
    Download PDF (880K)
  • Hidenori Kubo, Nobuo Kaneshima, Yoshiaki Hashimoto, Kazuo Tsuru, Kazuy ...
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 484-491
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    NMR of Cl35 nuclei (within layer) of (CnH2n+1NH3)2CuCl4 is observed at the magnetically ordered state. Through the angular dependence of the NMR frequency, the crystallographic structure of the CuCl4 layer is determined, which is slightly different from the known crystal structure at room temperature. The existence of various moment directions is shown in (C3H7NH3)2CuCl4. The magnetic coupling between layers is discussed. The observed magnetization of (CnH2n+1NH3)2CuCl4 (n=1, 3 and 4) is compared with the renormalized spin wave theory. It is also shown that the magnetization follows the “T3⁄2-law” given as, ⟨S⟩⁄S=1−α(T⁄Tc)3⁄2, with α∼0.45. The field dependent behavior of the magnetization of (C2H5NH3)2CuCl4 is discussed at antiferromagnetic state.
    Download PDF (940K)
  • Akira Hasegawa, Akira Yanase
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 492-498
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Energy band structures of Gd-pnictides, GdX(X=N, P, As and Sb), known to show a transition from a semiconductor to a metal in the series from GdN to GdSb, are calculated using the APW method. It is found that the energy bands depend sensitively on a choice of the one-electron potential. Then, the calculation is carried out self-consistently. The calculated bands account qualitatively well for the observed trend of the conducting properties through the pnictides. The density of states agrees reasonably well with experimental results. The Fermi surface of metallic pnictides is calculated both for paramagnetic and ferromagnetic states. It consists of simple closed electron and hole surfaces. Relativistic effects are investigated using first-order perturbation theory. They do not affect seriously nonrelativistic bands.
    Download PDF (876K)
  • Shoji Kashida, Hiroyuki Kaga
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 499-503
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The shear elastic constant (Remark: Graphics omitted.) of AuCuZn2, whose mode is relevant to its martensitic transformation, has been directly measured as a function of temperature near the transformation temperature TM. It is found that the shear elastic constant takes on a positive temperature derivative, 6.2×10−4/deg, near TM. This value is not so large as the previously reported one, so the shear elastic constant does not seem to vanish near TM. The present values are in good accord with neutron diffraction data previously reported.
    Download PDF (492K)
  • Yutaka Abe, Ichiro Okoshi, Akira Morita
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 504-512
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The internal energy of As crystal is investigated as a function of structure parameters and volume in terms of the pseudopotential expansion method. An atomic model potential derived from Lin and Falicov’s one is used. Calculations in second order approximation explain successfully the stability of the unusual A7 structure of As, the temperature dependence of structure parameters, and pressure-induced phase transformation from A7 to simple cubic, but give rise to unusual results in conflict with experimental facts with respect to large volume change. The third order contribution does not improve the situation. It is discussed that these shortcomings are attributed to the truncated nature of Lin-Falicov’s potential.
    Download PDF (1028K)
  • Hideyuki Sato, Kiyoshi Yonemitsu, Isao Sakamoto
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 513-517
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The magnetoresistivity and the Hall coefficient of thin aluminum single crystals were measured at 4.2 K by a conventional DC technique. The magnetic field was rotated in the (\bar211) plane near the [111] axis. Two kinds of periods were observed, one of which had not been measured by the other methods. The periods were in good agreement with the calculations based on the 4-OPW Fermi Surface model.
    Download PDF (584K)
  • Yasuharu Makita, Fumio Sakurai, Toshio Osaka, Itaru Tatsuzaki
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 518-524
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The phase transition of KH3(SeO3)2, was studied by ultrasonic velocity measurements at 5 and 10 MHz together with X-ray diffraction measurement and pyroelectric examination. It was clarified that the crystal below the transition point (Tc) is nonferroelectric and belongs to the centrosymmetric space group P21/b. All of the elastic stiffnesses cij were determined from the velocity data. The phase transition accompanies with a large phonon softening only in the c44 mode. It was shown that the ferroelastic behavior above and below Tc can well be explained by a phenomenological theory.
    Download PDF (1176K)
  • Atsuhiro Fujii, Ken Takiyama, Jun’ichiro Nakahara, Koichi Kobaya ...
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 525-528
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Magneto-optical absorption due to exciton is investigated for thallous iodide of CsCl structure at low temperatures. By the application of magnetic field appear the absorptions due to 2s and 3s excitons which are not observed in zero magnetic field. One-phonon replicas of zero-phonon excitons are found to grow and exciton polaron pinning effect is observed in high magnetic field. The exciton binding energy is determined as 11±1 meV and its reduced mass as (0.25±0.05)m0. The dielectric constant effective to the exciton binding and the longitudinal optical phonon energy are estimated to be 17±2 and 11±2 meV, respectively.
    Download PDF (516K)
  • Kenn Kubo
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 529-532
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The volume of a solid solution is shown to have a characteristic behavior in its concentration dependence due to the effect of electron correlations. The volume has a cusp at the concentration which gives the just half-filled valence band, if correlations are sufficiently strong. For the purpose of an illustration, calculations are practised with the use of the coherent potential approximation on the Hubbard model.
    Download PDF (440K)
  • Yukio Osaka
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 533-541
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    In order to understand physical origin of interface states in MOS structures, model calculations of the interface states are carried out. The model of the ideal Si–SiO2, interface is introduced. This model represents that the Si–SiO2 interface is given as the boundary between two bonding-type materials and the intrinsic interface state is absent. It will be assumed that observed interface state is caused by the difference between real interface and the ideal one. The real boundary of MOS structures may be described approximately in terms of the crystalline Si and the amorphous SiO2 with an ideal glassy structure. Based on the simple model of amorphous SiO2, the density of interface states is calculated semi-qualitatively. The obtained results suggest that the interface states induced by the amorphous SiO2 do not give the observed density of the interface states and the amorphous state of SiO may take into account this density.
    Download PDF (828K)
  • Shuichi Ishida, Eizo Otsuka
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 542-551
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The Hall coefficient and resistivity, under zero and weak magnetic fields, of n-InSb containing 1×1013−2×1015 cm−3 of excess donors have been systematically investigated at liquid helium temperatures. By increasing compensating acceptors with a nearly fixed donor concentration (Nd∼2×1014 cm−3), it is observed that the localization of the Hall carriers, or the metal-nonmetal transition, occurs at the excess donor concentration of ∼6×1013 cm−3 (compensation ratio K∼0.7) at 1.3 K. In the metallic range, the impurity concentration has been changed with a nearly fixed compensation ratio (K∼0.5), and it is confirmed that the impurity conduction (of metallic type) is recognized in the excess donor concentration range up to ∼4×1014 cm−3.
    Download PDF (1096K)
  • Hirofumi Nakata, Toshiyuki Ninomiya
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 552-558
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Plastic deformation of n-GaAs having room-temperature carrier concentration of 1016 cm−3 (resistivity 10−1 Ωcm) in uniaxial compression is found to produce large increase in resistivity. Specimens deformed less than 4%. have almost similar temperature-resistivity curves to that of the as-grown specimen, while they have resistivity of 4∼300 times as large as that of the as-grown specimen. Specimens deformed more heavily have resistivity of more than 105 Ωcm and their temperature-resistivity curves show the large activation energy of 0.47∼0.62 eV at room temperature. Analyses are made in terms of the percolation theory, in which it is assumed that the space charge regions around dislocations are insulating. The measured activation energy suggests that the dislocation level lies at about the center of the band gap (Eg∼1.4 eV).
    Download PDF (844K)
  • Katsuaki Sato, Yuko Yokoyama, Tachiro Tsushima
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 559-563
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Photoconductivity and photoluminescence spectra of undoped and Cr-doped samples of CdIn2S4 have been measured.
    Ligand-field-induced photoconductivity and photoluminescence have been observed in the Cr-doped sample.
    A mechanism of the photoconduction is proposed in conjunction with the luminescence process.
    Download PDF (644K)
  • Riki Kawashima, Itaru Tatsuzaki
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 564-567
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The velocity and the attenuation of ultrasonic quasi-longitudinal waves propagating along a 45° direction in a 45°X-cut crystal of Rochelle salt have been measured as a function of temperature and frequency in the vicinity of the upper transition temperature Tcu by the pulse echo overlapped method. The anomalous increase of the attenuation and the anomalous decrease of the sound velocity are found near the upper transition temperature Tcu. From these results, the relaxation time τPs=6.1×10−11 sec is obtained at ΔT=TTcu=1.00°C, which is in good agreement with 3.5×10−11 sec calculated from the dielectric dispersion.
    Download PDF (436K)
  • Katsuhiko Hasebe, Sigetosi Tanisaki
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 568-573
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Ammonium sulfate was studied by X-ray diffraction. The integrated intensities for some of the Bragg reflections decreased discontinuously at the transition temperature −50°C as the temperature was decreased. The fact cannot be explained by the typical order-disorder model. X-ray diffuse scattering was studied at room temperature and −47°C. It was observed that the intensities of diffuse streaks along the [100] direction in the reciprocal space were markedly enhanced as the specimen was cooled. The diffuse scattering was analysed by the soft mode model and the observed intensity distribution was explained qualitatively the assumed softening of the libration of sulfate ions which satisfy the B1u symmetry. The possibility of the analysis of the diffuse scattering by the order-disorder model was also discussed.
    Download PDF (864K)
  • Kiyoshi Kawamura, Tsutomu Saito, Takuro Tsuzuku
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 574-579
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    By means of a phase-sensitive detection technique, the basal-plane galvanomagneticp roperties of highly crystalline graphite have precisely been investigated as functions of temperature (T) down to 4.2 K and of magnetic field intensity (H) up to 6.1 kOe. The average mobility of majority carriers has been found to vary in proportion to T−1.6 in the range 40 K to 80 K and to T−1.2 above it, while a saturating trend due to the defect scattering comes about below it. The Hall coefficient is highly dependent on H at T<200 K, the field dependence being nearly in agreement with Soule’s observation at 77 K and 4.2 K. The zero-field Hall coefficient behaves in a fashion consistent with Ono-Sugihara’s theory over the most part of temperature range examined, but deviates remarkably at T<30 K. The magnetoconductivity tensors are determined as functions of T and H; both diagonal and off-diagonal components depend considerably on the sample quality especially at T<100 K. Discussions are given with reference to the transport mechanisms.
    Download PDF (732K)
  • Tomoyuki Takeuchi
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 580-586
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Cu-10 at%Al alloy single crystals with [102], [001], and [111] axes were extended in a temperature range between 400 and 800°C. Upper serration (yield) stress increased with temperature between 400 and 600°C, and the increments were largest in [102] crystals. Above 600°C the upper yield stress was almost independent of crystal orientations. The work-hardening rate in [001] and [111] crystals had a sharp maximum around 600°C, which was explained that an ideally multiple glide was attained after the serrated flow, but this effect was absent in [102] crystals. The observed result was discussed on the basis of a simple model in which the pinning and dragging effects were treated by single activation processes of solute atoms in dislocation cores, respectively.
    Download PDF (912K)
  • Keiichi Yamamoto, Chan-Dinh Tran, Hiroyasu Shimizu, Kenji Abe
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 587-590
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Far-infrared transmission measurement was made at room temperature on ZnO small crystals. Both spectra of samples obtained by dry grinding ZnO commercial powder and by burning Zn powder in air show a strong and broad absorption peak at about 400 cm−1, and other two different peaks, which shift to low frequency side as the refractive index of the matrix increases. Spectra are interpreted fairly well by the generalized electromagnetic scattering theory applied to a sphere and a cylinder. No coupled LO phonon-plasmon modes were observed.
    Download PDF (792K)
  • Masamichi Yokogawa, Kenji Taniguchi, Chihiro Hamaguchi
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 591-595
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Absorption spectra of MnO single crystals are measured at various temperatures. Four broad absorption bands are observed in the visible and near-ultraviolet regions. Fine structures in A, C and D bands are found at low temperatures for the first time. Tentative assignments or these fine structures are made based on the combinations of three kinds of elementary excitations (i.e. exciton, magnon and phonon (Γ)). Obtained results are all in good agreement with the measured values. The Racah parameters B and C, the crystal-field strength Dq and the covalency parameter ε are determined to be 560 cm−1, 3640 cm−1, 1086 cm−1 and 0.02, respectively, from the fitting procedure of the observed band positions.
    Download PDF (536K)
  • Osamu Sakai, Akira Yanase, Tadao Kasuya
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 596-607
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Various optical properties of magnetic exciton states in Eu-chalcogenides are investigated theoretically on the basis of detailed electronic band structures. The excited 5d(t2g) state extends from the central Eu ton onto the neighbouring ones by the amount of 40∼10%. This requires the treatment based on the detailed atomic model of the 5d and 4f electrons. The calculated results agree satisfactory with experimental data, such as the intensity, structures, the kinetic shift, the anomalous magnetic red shift and magneto-optical effects, for the broad band at the low energy end of the absorption spectrum. The calculated properties are not sensitive to the energy position of the exciton state relative to those of 6s band of Eu and p bands of chalcogen.
    Download PDF (1544K)
  • R. P. Gairola, B. S. Semwal
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 608-615
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The one phonon differential scattering cross section of neutrons in displacive ferroelectrics is studied by consdering higher order anharmonic terms in the Hamiltonian, using double time Green’s function technique. It is shown that the scattering cross section has Lorentzian shape. The width and shift in the frequency spectrum are temperature dependent. Temperature dependence of the differential scattering cross section is discussed.
    Download PDF (808K)
  • Swati Ray, A. K. Pal, A. K. Barua
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 616-620
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    A molecular beam scattering apparatus has been set up for the study of total cross section of alkali and alkali halide molecules scattered by different gases. The resolution of the apparatus is fairly high so that accurate correction for finite resolution can be mode. The Ishii-Nakayama backstreaming effect of the McLeod gauge used for calibration purpose has been eliminated. The scattering cross sections for Na atom with Ar, O2, N2, He and H2 have been measured. The results show the satisfactory performance of the apparatus. The cross sections obtained have been compared with the theoretical values.
    Download PDF (636K)
  • Shigeo Hayashi, Kozo Kuchitsu
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 621-627
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    A new type of polarization potential, which is real and local, is derived from classical dynamics based on the linear response theory. The potential is represented by −α(vr)⁄2r4, where α(vr) is a “polarizability function” of the initial velocity v and the distance r. This function can be obtained if the distribution of oscillator strength is known. The potential tends to the usual adiabatic polarization potential as vr tends to zero and to be proportional to r−2 as vr tends to infinity. The phase shift function for the quasi-adiabatic polarization potential is also derived in an analogous form.
    Download PDF (768K)
  • Shigeo Hayashi, Kozo Kuchitsu
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 628-632
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The method of quasi-adiabatic polarization potential proposed in the preceding paper is applied to the calculation of differential cross sections for elastic scattering of electrons by hydrogen atom at energies of 50–300 eV. The cross sections above 100 eV are insensitive to the parameter in a cut-off function multiplied to the potential and agree with other theoretical and experimental cross sections.
    Download PDF (500K)
  • Nobuyuki Toshima
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 633-640
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The cross sections for the transitions 5S1⁄2→5P1⁄2, 51⁄2→5P3⁄2, 5P1⁄2→5D3⁄2, 5S1⁄2→5D3⁄2 and 5S1⁄2→5D5⁄2 in the hydrogen atom by proton impact are calculated on the basis of the impact parameter method. Distant collisions are dominant and the couplings among the sub-levels belonging to the same n are important at low energies, but the couplings with the levels belonging to different n’s are negligibly small. The Glauber and the Born approximations are also applied to the same problem and the Glauber approximation gives a good agreement with the impact parameter method over a wide energy range down to at least about 100 eV.
    Download PDF (1012K)
  • Wataru Segawa
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 641-643
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Fixman’s equation for stress tensor in polymer solutions consists of three terms: the term due to solvent, the term of 1st power of c (P1) and that of 2nd power of c (P2) where c is the number concentration. In this paper, it is shown that P1 is split into two terms, P10 linear in c and P1 quadratic in c. As far as Dirac delta function for excluded volume potential and a special segment distribution function are employed, the sum of P1 and P2 does not contribute to normal stress functions.
    Download PDF (272K)
  • Takayasu Tanaka
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 644-651
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    A three-dimensional parametric decay is theoretically studied of a pump Langmuir wave with a given finite wavenumber K into a longitudinal low frequency wave with an ajustable wavenumber k and another Langmuir wave. In this paper we study an extreme case; y+γ>>ωeK2λe2 where y is the growth rate of the excited waves, γ the linear damping rate of the excited Langmuir wave and ωe the Langmuir frequency. It is shown that the pump energy well above the threshold takes a minimum at a wavenumber satisfying k>>K. However, the minimum of the pump energy just above the threshold is attained when k∼O(K) or when k>>K, according mainly to the strength and the wavenumber of the pump. In particular when k∼O(K), the maximum growth is realized when the three wavevectors form a certain triangle, satisfying the wavevector conservation law.
    Download PDF (804K)
  • Kiyoshi Yatsui, Tsuyoshi Imai, Masatomo Furumi
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 652-657
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Dispersion characteristics and numerical results are presented of the crossfield-current-driven electrostatic instabilities in an inhomogeneous magnetoplasma. By use of a two-fluid hydrodynamic model in a cylindrical coordinate involving the effects of finite temperature and density inhomogeneity, we present the corresponding dispersion relation and show that, in the low-frequency range ω2<<ωci2ci: ion-cyclotron frequency), there exists an instability termed as the modified ion-cyclotron instability. These wave characteristics are clarified in some parameter spaces. Apart from this, some numerical nesuls are also presented of the lower-hybrid instability and the ion-cyclotron harmonic instability, the latter being obtained with a kinetic model in an inhomogeneous hot plasma. The comparison of these results with the experiment is also made especially for the modified ion-cyclotron mode, and it is found that the experimental results are in qualitative agreement with the theoretical prediction.
    Download PDF (736K)
  • Yasuki Mori, Minoru Maruyama, Susumu Takeda, Kazuo Minami
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 658-663
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The spatial perturbation of plasma density and internal field perpendicular to the direction of propagation are experimentally investigated, when a high-power pulsed microwave is incident on the plasma whose plasma frequency is close to the applied one. For the microwave power above a certain threshold, the electron density and the electric field show a temporally growing perturbation which increases with the incident power. The properties of the perturbation, including its growth rate, are discussed and compared with the theory for the filamentation instability.
    Download PDF (652K)
  • Heiji Sanuki, George Schmidt
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 664-669
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The theory of parametric instabilities driven by a finite wavenumber general pump wave is developed for homogeneous magnetized plasma. The pump wave as well as the decay products can be electrostatic as well as electromagnetic. This formalism is applied to describe lower hybrid decay into electromagnetic modes. A separate treatment for the all electrostatic wave case is given using the particle drift equations. In particular the resonant decay instabilities and the oscillating two stream instabilities are studied.
    Download PDF (560K)
  • Takayasu Tanaka
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 670-679
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    We study parametric instabilities in plasmas driven by both a dipole-field and a finite-wavenumber pumps with high frequencies, their difference being chosen close to a low frequency resonance. General dispersion relations are derived by a general scheme. They are applied to a special case of the pumps of a Langmuir wave and a transparent dipole field. The analysis is limited to the extreme region that ωPek2λDe2>>y, γ, ωPikλDe, where k is the given wavenumber of the excited low frequency wave, y the growth rate and γ the linear damping rate of the excited Langmuir wave. A lowering of the pump energy is found for the dipole field when γ>>ωPikλDe, or for one pump when the other pump is near the usual decay instability threshold. The excitations take place most easily in one-dimensional configurations.
    Download PDF (1064K)
  • Yasuki Mori, Minoru Maruyama, Susumu Takeda
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 680-683
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    A high power microwave of 9 GHz with pulse width of 2.9 μsec is incident on a plasma with the electron density of 1012 cm−3 at a pressure of 10−4 Torr in an Argon gas. For the various powers of the incident microwave, the temporal reflection powers are measured at the electron densities close to the cut-off value of the microwave. The reflection is found first to decrease and increase again with the increased incident power. This is not expected from the linear theory for cold plasmas. These abnormal behaviors can be explained by the existing theories.
    Download PDF (404K)
  • Motomasa Fuse, Setsuo Ichimaru
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 684-686
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    We show numerically that the transition-radiation theories are not applicable to situations of tunnel-junction experiments performed recently by Hwang et al. Instead we estimate the level of plasmon densities in silver layer through balance between spontaneous emission and collisional decay; those plasmons then emit radiation at the silver surface. The results of such calculations provide a good account of the experiments.
    Download PDF (376K)
  • Yukihiro Tomita, Shogo Seki, Hiromu Momota
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 687-693
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    The destruction of magnetic surfaces near a separatrix of a divertor is analyzed. Unperturbed magnetic surfaces formed by a plasma current and a divertor current are assumed. Destruction of magnetic surfaces is attributed to perturbations of magnetic fields, which are assumed to be brought from discrete structure of magnetic coils. Analysis is based on “Stochasticity” and a spread of divertor region is calculated in terms of a ripple of the magnetic field.
    Download PDF (604K)
  • Takashi Ikuta
    1977 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 694-699
    Published: February 15, 1977
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS
    Nonlinear modulation of strongly dispersive ion-acoustic standing waves produced by some obstacle in a uniform plasma flow, is investigated by means of the reductive perturbation method. The two fluid equations composed of cold ions and isothermal electrons are used, which in the specific ranges of Mach number and wavenumber permit the spatial waves. Consequently, the system is reduced to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation expressed in terms of three independent variables which are responsible for slow two-dimensional spatial variation and slower temporal change. It is further shown that in general the nonlinear Schrödinger equation derived from the Korteweg-de Vries equation is always stable as to the modulational instability.
    Download PDF (720K)
feedback
Top