All issues
Volume 42 (1977)
- Issue 6 Pages 1797-
- Issue 5 Pages 1439-
- Issue 4 Pages 1083-
- Issue 3 Pages 725-
- Issue 2 Pages 367-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Predecessor
- Proceedings of the Physico-Mathematical Society of Japan. 3rd Series
- Proceedings of the Tokyo Mathematico-Physical Society. 2nd Series
- Tokyo Sugaku-Butsurigakukwai Kiji-Gaiyo
- Tokyo Sugaku-Butsurigakkwai Hokoku
- Tokyo Sugaku-Butsurigaku Kwai Kiji
- Tokyo Sugaku-Butsurigaku Kwai Kiji
- Tokyo Sugaku Kaisya Zasshi
Volume 42, Issue 3
Displaying 1-50 of 68 articles from this issue
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Kiyoji Fukunaga, Takao Ohsawa, Shigeru Kakigi, Seiji Tanaka, Noboru Fu ...1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 725-731
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSSpectra of alpha-particles emitted from the 11B(p, α)8Be are obtained at the angle of 90° in the energy range from 6.5 to 7.3 MeV and also in the angular range from 20° to 160° at the proton energy of 7.26 MeV. The energy spectra are analyzed by a resonance formula. The width corresponding to the first excited state of 8Be varies with the incident proton energy and the observing angle. The observed width is narrow at the resonance of the intermediate system of 12C.View full abstractDownload PDF (776K) -
Kenshi Sagara, Masahiro Hara, Noriyuki Takahashi, Toru Motobayashi, Fu ...1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 732-737
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAbsolute cross sections of the 4He(d, pα)n reaction have been measured at Ed=8.9 MeV in order to study the reaction mechanism at low energy. A gas target in a cell with very thin wall (0.25 mg/cm2) is used to detect low energy α-particles. In the coincidence spectra, prominent peaks are observed corresponding to the strong n-α final state interaction. Shapes of the spectra are well reproduced by the simple impulse approximation and the single-level R-matrix theory, but the absolute values as well as the angular dependence of the experimental peak cross section can not be fitted by these calculations. Independence of the peak cross section from kinematical variables such as the spectator energy and the nucleon-α scattering angle indicates that effects of multiple processes in the reaction are dominant at this low energy. A simple physical picture of the processes is presented.View full abstractDownload PDF (808K) -
Isao Harada, Ojiro Nagai1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 738-748
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAcoustic surface-magnon spectra are calculated for semi-infinite ferro- and antiferromagnets, where spins are coupled via exchange interactions both with nearest neighbors (J1) and with next-nearest neighbors (J2). It is found that, when the parameter α=J2|J1| lies in certain intervals, the surface-magnon frequency is negative or imaginary, although the bulk-magnon frequencies remain real and positive. This condition indicates that the uniform ferro- or antiferromagnetic spin arrangement is not stable. For several cases of this type, it is shown that a nonuniform spin arrangement, characterized by a rearrangement of spins in the surface region, has a lower classical spin-ordering energy than the uniform state, and hence is stable. In various cases, various different arrangements of surface spins are found to be stable, including a helical arrangement, in which spins in the surface region are ordered with helical symmetry while bulk spins are in an antiferromagnetic state.View full abstractDownload PDF (1412K) -
Hideji Yamada, Masao Shimizu1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 749-756
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIn the Slater model for itinerant electron antiferromagnets, spin wave spectrum is calculated by taking into account long range Coulomb interactions. The method of normal mode is used in the random phase approximation in order to get various modes of spin waves, i.e., acoustical and polar spin waves. It is shown that polar spin waves exist when the inter-atomic Coulomb interaction is sufficiently strong. Furthermore, the velocity of the acoustical spin wave is shown to be reduced by the inter-atomic Coulomb and exchange interactions. The magnitudes of these reductions are numerically estimated for an antiferromagnet with b.c.c. structure. It is shown that the observed result of the spin wave velocity for Cr is explained by these numerical results.View full abstractDownload PDF (900K) -
Kêitsiro Aizu1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 757-763
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSFor advancing the physics of phase transitions, it is better to have a good command of various-type systems of transition parameters than only of ordinary rectangular ones. A general n-dimensional, reducible but unreduced, spherical system of transition parameters is proposed for certain reasons. One with n=3 is applied to the construction of a unified phenomenological theory of the Rochelle salt family containing both zone-center ferroelectrics and zone-boundary ferroelectrics. One with n=4 is applied to the construction of a unified phenomenological theory of a pseudo-BaTiO3 family containing both zone-center ferroelectrics and zone-boundary ferroics (not ferroelectric but solely ferroelastic).View full abstractDownload PDF (916K) -
Shinji Wada1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 764-769
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe nuclear spin-lattice relaxation time T1 and the Knight shift K of 77Se in 2H–NbSe2, an anisotropic type II superconductor, have been measured at 8 MHz and at low temperatures (1.3–11 K). In normal state, 77(K)≅0.26 (%) and 77(T1T)≅2.0 secK were obtained. They are independent of temperature. In superconducting mixed state, 77(K) reduces with decreasing temperature and tends to a considerably small but non-zero value at T<<TC corresponding to the BCS singlet spin pairing. The residual shift is explained by the existence of small spin-orbit interaction. 77(T1) increases exponentially with the energy gap of 3.5kBTC. From the data for 77(T1), root mean square anisotropy of the energy gap is estimated to be of the order of 20% of the energy gap. Origins of the relaxation and the Knight shift of 77Se were also discussed on the basis of the energy band structure.View full abstractDownload PDF (816K) -
Nobuhiko Sakai, Kazuo Ôno1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 770-778
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe spin-dependent Compton scattering of circularly polarized γ-rays is applied for the first time to measure the momentum distribution of magnetic electrons in magnetized iron. The experimental techniques are described in detail. The observed profile shows a hollow around zero momentum, indicating the negative magnetization of a part of the conduction electrons. The results are discussed in comparison with the theoretical results of Wakoh, Kubo, and Yamashita.View full abstractDownload PDF (1164K) -
Hideo Hasegawa1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 779-786
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe paramagnon effect on the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (R=1⁄T1) is discussed by using the electron gas model for paramagnons combined with the Debye phonon model within the framework of the strong-coupljng approximation. It is shown that the maximum value of the ratio RS(T)⁄RN (S and N stand for the superconducting and the normal states, respectively) is suppressed by the paramagnon contribution which increases the life-time broadening of the quasi-particles.View full abstractDownload PDF (908K) -
Hironori Nishihara, Hiroshi Yasuoka, Yoshio Oka, Koji Kosuge, Sukeji K ...1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 787-790
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSNuclear magnetic resonance of 51V has been investigated in the antiferromagnetic state of polycrystalline V5S8 at liquid helium temperatures. Two signals with hyperfine fields of 10.1±0.1 kOe and 14.7±0.1 kOe, and one without hyperfine field but with a shift of 2.5±0.5% were observed and assigned to the three different vanadium sites. The magnitudes of the moments estimated are 0.15μB, 0.22μB and 0μB for the three sites in the antiferromagnetic state. This suggests V5S8 is a three-dimensional weakly magnetic system.View full abstractDownload PDF (476K) -
Hiroshi Akoh, Akira Tasaki1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 791-795
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSHyperfine particles (100 to 1000 Å) of vanadium were prepared by the evaporation method and the magnetic susceptibility of these fine particles was measured in the temperature range between 1.6 to 300 K. The magnetic susceptibility of these fine particles was found to consist of two parts, one was the Pauli type which was also observed in the bulk state of the metal and the other was the Curie-Weiss type overlapping the temperature independent one. The C-W component of the susceptibility increases with the decrease of particle size as the inverse of average diameter, suggesting that the magnetic moment which revealed the Curie-Weiss type susceptibility originates from the surface region of the particle. Localization of 3d-electron at the surface of particle is a probable origin of the magnetic moment.View full abstractDownload PDF (648K) -
Hirochika Enokiya1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 796-804
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe nuclear spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation times T1, T2 of Co59 in domain walls of hcp cobalt have been measured between 1.6 and 700 K by use of spin echo method. The variation of T1 across domain walls is expressed as T1=T10⁄sin2θ, where θ is the angle between the electronic spins and the c axis, and T10 the shortest relaxation time at the center of walls. T1 for nuclei in domains satisfies T1T=0.17±0.01 sec K, but T10 shows a deviation from T10T=constant, which is believed to be due to the wall-type excitation.
The Co59 NMR in single crystal specimens have also been observed in the magnetic field up to 20 kOe. The field dependence of the electric quadrupole splitting suggests that the 3d charge distribution slightly changes, depending on the direction of electronic spins.View full abstractDownload PDF (1228K) -
Hirochika Enokiya, Masato Yamaguchi, Tadamiki Hihara1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 805-807
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe nuclear spin-lattice relaxation times T1 for Cu63 and Mn55 in metallic ferromagnets CuCr2S4 and β1-MnZn have been measured as a function of temperature.
The nuclear relaxation rates T1−1 for nuclei in domains show large deviations from T1T=constant at high temperature, where T is the temperature, and satisfy T1−1=aT+bTn with a=0.38, b=4.8×10−7 and n=3.5±0.2 for Cu63 in CuCr2S4 and a=2.3, b=0.70×10−7 and n=4.0±0.2 for Mn55 in β1-MnZn. The nuclear relaxation is due to the process involving itinerant electrons in the low temperature region and predominantly due to the three-magnon process in the high temperature region.View full abstractDownload PDF (412K) -
Keiichi Kakuno, Yasuo Gondo1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 808-813
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSDynamic threshold fields for the idealized uniform rotational switching in thin films are studied on the basis of the numerical solutions of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation of motion. Dynamic critical switching curves deduced from the numerical solutions calculated up to the near equilibrium state are quite different from the usual critical switching asteroid. A part of am irreversible rotation region associated with the present dynamic switching curve is found to enter into the reversible rotation region associated with the usual critical switching asteroid. This curious aspect of the dynamic critical switching curve is well understood by the dynamic consideration in which the kinetic energy and the energy dissipation in a rotational motion of the magnetization are taken into account. The present dynamic treatment is necessary only when the rising time of a driving field is less than 1 ns.View full abstractDownload PDF (736K) -
Masayuki Shiga, Ryoji Minakata, Takashi Tsuchida, Yoji Nakamura1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 814-818
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe forced volume magnetostriction, dω⁄dH, of GdCo2 has been measured bymeans of a three terminal capacitance dilatometer from 4.2 K up to 328 K. The dω⁄dH shows a large negative value at 4.2 K and changes its sign from negative to positive with increasing temperature. This anomalous temperature dependence of dω⁄dH is ascribed to the volume change associated with the induced moment of Co which depends on the effective field acting on the Co moment. A quantitative estimation of dω⁄dH based upon a molecular field approximation shows an excellent agreement with the experiments. The large value of dω⁄dH of this system as well as its large spontaneous volume magnetostriction are explained as the volume change caused by the induced moment of the Co atom.View full abstractDownload PDF (672K) -
Masaki Konno, Nobutake Imamura1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 819-825
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe composition-graded Invar alloy films with the composition ranging from pure iron to 50%NiFe were prepared. Both the magnetic properties and the electrical resistivity were investigated. We found that γ-phase could be obtained in 20%NiFe film at room temperature after a proper thermal treatment and also found that the finite magnetization at γ-phase could be obtained in the composition ranging from 20%NiFe to 30%NiFe as well as in the case of the fine particles.
The temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization in those films showed a flatter variation than that obtained from the Brillouin function. It was concluded that this result mainly originated not from the gradient of the composition but from the interaction between the substrate and the film.View full abstractDownload PDF (820K) -
Tetsuo Soumura1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 826-832
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSMeasurements have been made of the magneto-resistivity and the temperature coefficient of the electrical resistivity in the Fe–Ni alloys containing 33∼42 at%Ni over the temperature range between 77 K and the Curie temperature. On the basis of the analysis inclusive of the forced volume magnetostriction, it becomes evident that the magneto-resistivity in the 42 at%Ni alloy is well explained in terms of the spin disorder scattering, while in the 33∼40 at%Ni the magnetovolume effect considerably contributes. This concentration dependence may be understood by assuming an additional contribution to the conduction electron scattering due to local spin disordered states in the alloys below 40 at%Ni as well as the normal spin disorder scattering. Furthermore, the spontaneous volume strain contribution is indicated to be required for understanding of the temperature coefficient of the resistivity.View full abstractDownload PDF (844K) -
Kazuo Nakanishi, Tadao Kasuya1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 833-844
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSMagnetic properties of Cr–Fe alloy are studied on the basis of the two band model. It is assumed that the localized moment of Fe has the role of the scattering center and the role which enhances the magnetostrictive effect; The scattering effects of the intra- and the interband processes with the Coulomb and the s-d interactions are investigated in detail. The magnetostrictive effect is enhanced by the process in which electrons flow from the localized moment to the conduction band with the volume change. The phenomenological consideration shows that the magnetostrictive effect is equivalent to the negative electron reservoir. The phase diagram, the wave number of the spin density wave and the jump in the thermal expansion at the Néel temperature are calculated in satisfactory agreement with experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (1492K) -
Yoshikazu Nishihara, Shinji Ogawa, Shinya Waki1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 845-852
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSMössbauer experiment of 57Fe and 119Sn in β-Mn alloys has been made. About 80% of iron atomas occupy positions of site I and tin atonas occupy site II. The average hyperfine fields at 57Fe and 119Sn increase as the lattice constant increases. The hyperfine field at 57Fe in Mn1−xFex is about 10 kOe at 4.2 K for x>0.02. The isomer shift of iron is −0.23 mm/sec at 295 K. The iron atom has a small localized moment in β-Mn. A transfer of d electrons from impurities to the d band of Mn is concluded to be the most important source to induce the antiferromagnetism of β-Mn alloys with 3d-transition metal impurities. Néel temperatures of alloys with iron and tin are expressed by two main contributions, which are the effects of d-electron number and lattice expansion.View full abstractDownload PDF (976K) -
Shuzo Takano, Masao Koga1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 853-860
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSSpin splitting factors γ of electrons are determined from the measuremtents of quantum oscillations of velocity of sound. It is found that, near tire binary and the trigonal axes where electrons have heavy cyclotron masses, experimental γ deviates systematically from the theoretical γ predicted from the SBR-Baraff model. A new model to account for this discrepancy is proposed. It is based on the stronger effects of the remote bands to the conduction band energy than those considered by Baraff.View full abstractDownload PDF (920K) -
Yoshiyuki Ono1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 861-867
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSUsing the results obtained in the previous paper, we calculate the temperature dependence of physical quantities, such as the spin susceptibility, the electrical conductivity, and the thermo-electric power, in the commensurate phase of a quasi-one-dimensional electron-phonon system with a non-half-filled tight-binding band. Since the Peierls transition was investigated within the mean-field theory in the previous paper, these quantities are estimated in the simplest approximation that takes into account the change of the one-body density of states due to the transition. As is expected, the features of temperature dependence are drastically different from those in the just half-filled case.View full abstractDownload PDF (892K) -
Eiji Hashimoto, Kotaro Ono, Takao Kino1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 868-875
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe annealing of vacancies in deformed aluminum was studied by electrical resistance measurements. The remarkable results are summarized as follows (i) decay rate of vacancies decreases with the increase of strain ε for the deformation, in spite of the high density of dislocations introduced by the deformation, (ii) the apparent activation energy which was determined by the change of slope method during the annealing becomes larger with the strain, (iii) the jump number of vacancy in deformed specimens has an almost constant value during the annealing for each specimen. These results are explained in terms of the efficiency of dislocation as a sink for vacancies, and it is concluded that the main contribution to the efficiency comes from the line tension of dislocations constrained geometrically.View full abstractDownload PDF (1044K) -
Takehiko Ishii, Yasuo Sakisaka, Shigeo Yamaguchi, Takaaki Hanyu, Hiroy ...1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 876-881
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe extreme ultraviolet absorption spectra of K, Rb, and Cs show spikes at the thresholds of outermost-p-shell absorption. With inclusion of the data on Na reported by Haensel et al., it is concluded that the occurrence of a spike at the edge of the absorption spectrum of outermost-p-shell electrons is a common characteristic of alkali metals. In Rb and Cs no definite spike is found at the onset of the high-energy-component-absorption, LII, produced by the spin-orbit splitting of the levels of core holes. The sharpness of the spike decreases in the order of Na, K, Rb, and Cs. The threshold exponent α0 for the transition to the s-symmetric state, obtained by neglecting the contribution from the transition to the d-symmetric state, decreases as the electron gas parameter, rs, increases in contrast with the prediction from the electron gas theory.View full abstractDownload PDF (788K) -
Shoichi Endo, Hirohito Sasaki, Tadayasu Mitsui1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 882-885
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSHigh pressure forms of Ce were studied by means of a Guinier type X-ray diffraction apparatus using Bridgman anvils and boron-epoxy medium. A new allotropic phase of a tetragonal body-centered lattice with two atoms per unit cell was found to exist at pressures higher than 121 kbar. Above 51 kbar, powder patterns corresponding to α′ phase were obtained using Bridgman anvils as well as a cubic press, but the crystalline structure could not be determined.View full abstractDownload PDF (832K) -
Shin’ichi Katayama, Kazuo Murase1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 886-894
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSRecent experimental results of Raman spectra in gallium a arsenide are analyzed on the basis of a non-local theory of the coupling between plasmons and longitudinal optical (LO) phonons. A formula is derived which gives the efficiency for the Raman scattering by a coupled LO phonon-plasmon (LO–PL) mode in an absorptive medium. The finiteness of the wave number of the scattering mode and the attenuation of light in the medium are explicitlv taken into account. An analysis of the GaAs Raman spectra obtained recently Murase et at. shows that the theory reproduces the experimental results fairly well. It also explains the characteristic features of the spectra. The integrated efficiency from the LO–PL mode in GaAs is estimated to be of the order of 10−11.View full abstractDownload PDF (1040K) -
Wataru Kinase, Masahiro Itoh1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 895-902
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSCorrection of Madelung constant in NaCl due to the lattice deformation, whose ratios are Δ1, Δ2 and Δ3, is made by the factor (Remark: Graphics omitted.) taking the lattice sum into account. Dipole interaction, van der Waals’ and overlap energies are also corrected by the lattice deformation, and the electrostrictive constants Q31 and. Q33 are calculated as about −4×10−12 and 15×10−12 respectively accompanied by the dielectric constant of the value of about 6.View full abstractDownload PDF (876K) -
Riki Kawashima, Masaharu Tokunaga, Itaru Tatsuzaki1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 903-907
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe velocity and the attenuation coefficient of the longitudinal ultrasonic wave propagating along the ferroelectric b axis of triglycine sulfate (TGS) have been measured as a function of temperature in the paraelectric phase. The effective relaxation time τeff was evaluated as a function of temperature from these data. A value of the τeff is 0.95×10−11 sec at T−Tc=1.00°C. The temperature dependence of τeff cannot be understood only by the energy relaxation mechanism, and suggests a possibility of another process through two polarization relaxation modes discussed by the mode-mode coupling theory.View full abstractDownload PDF (548K) -
V. P. Arora, V. K. Agarwal1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 908-910
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSDielectric constants and losses of N-(p-Methoxybenzylidene)-p-Butylaniline(MBBA) and N-(p-Ethoxybenzylidene)-p-Butylaniline (EBBA) in benzene solution were measured at three microwave frequencies (4.0, 9.4 and 30.4 GHz). The dielectric relaxation time (τ), dipole moment (μ) and activation energy (ΔHA*) were evaluated at 20°C to be 28.2×1012sec, 6.98×1030 cm, 4.6 KJ/mole for MBBA and 36.7 sec, 7.48×1030 cm, 5.0 KJ/mole for EBBA. The Cole-Cole plots of dielectric constants and losses were semicircles for both MBBA and EBBA. This fact indicates that the dielectric relaxation behaviour of MBBA and EBBA can be discribed in terms of the molecular reorientation of rigid speciesView full abstractDownload PDF (308K) -
Sanji Fujimoto, Naohiko Yasuda, Hiroyasu Shimizu, Shigemi Tsuboi, Kazu ...1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 911-915
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe relative permittivity (εr) and dielectric conductivity (σ) of RbNO3 single crystals were measured at 1 MHz under hydrostatic pressures over its two phase transformations; II–III (219°C at l aim) and III–IV (164°C at 1 atm). The value of εr has a large peak at the II–III phase transition pressure, and 1⁄εr obeys the Curie-Weiss law on pressure in the phase III. This behavior of εr is elucidated by the phenomenological theory for the first order antiferroelectric phase transition. The II–III phase boundary was determined by the dielectric measurement. At the IV–III phase transition temperature (Tc), the changes in εr and σ seen in the εr vs. T and σ vs. T curves get smaller with increasing applied-pressure. The behavior of εr and σ is explained by taking account of the rotation of NO3− ions being hindered by the pressure.View full abstractDownload PDF (612K) -
Takehiro Takoshima, Itaru Tatsuzaki1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 916-922
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe angular and temperature dependence of the 75As NMR linewidth of antiferroelectric NH4H2ASO4 is investigated in the paraelectric phase. A comparison of the theoretical and experimental angular dependences of the anomalous part of the 75As linewidth for the c-axis rotation suggests that the line broadening near Tc is attributed to the antiferroelectric fluctuations of electric dipoles. It is found that the quadrupole frequency departs from the linear dependence on temperature in the same temperature range of 0∼−55.4°C where the anomaly of linewidth is observed. On the basis of this fact, the temperature dependence of the quadrupole frequency near Tc is interpreted by taking account of an increase in the fraction of the antiferroelectric configurations.View full abstractDownload PDF (884K) -
Kazuo Gesi, Kunio Ozawa1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 923-928
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSEffect of hydrostatic pressure on the ferroelectric phase transitions in glycine silver nitrate (NH2CH2COOH·AgNO3; GSN) and its deuterated analogue(DGSN) was studied by means of dielectric measurements. The Curie temperatures decrease with increasing pressure by a relation Tc=Tc0+Kp+γp2. Parameters Tc0, K, and γ are determined as −57.1°C, −17.1 deg kbar−1, and 1.3 deg kbar−2, respectively, for GSN and −42.7°C, −20.2 deg kbar−1, and 1.7 deg kbar−2, respectively, for DGSN. Considerable decrease in Curie constants was observed both in GSN and in DGSN as pressure increases.View full abstractDownload PDF (640K) -
Hisataka Takenaka, Ryu Ohnishi, Hikaru Terauchi, Tooru Sakai1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 929-934
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSX-ray scattering from (NH4)2BeF4 at temperatures near Tm=185 K has been measured in order to elucidate the nature of the mechanism of the phase transition. The intensity of the superlattice reflection at (1/2, 0, 6) decreases with increasing temperature and disappears at Tm indicating that the transition at Tm is of the second order. The diffuse intensity around (1/2, 0, 6) increases just above Tm. It is suggested that the transverse phonon polarized along the c-direction softens at (Remark: Graphics omitted.) in (NH4)2BeF4 near Tm.View full abstractDownload PDF (632K) -
J. M. Savirón, D. Gonzalez, M. D. Mendia, J. L. Brun, J. A. Mad ...1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 935-938
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA hot wire thermal diffusion column with a variable non-active volume has been constructed, The experimental results for the relaxation time as a function of the non-active volume are compared with the theoretical predictions. The good agreement obtained suggests that-our transient formulation can confidently be used to determine the experimental values of the column coefficients. The relaxation time measurements do not permit to distinguish between the active and non-active parts of a column, and the remixing coefficients Kc and Kd can be experimentallv obtained without an explicit knowledge of the non-active volumes in the column.View full abstractDownload PDF (400K) -
Eiichi Yagi, Akio Koyama, Hideo Sakairi, Ryukiti R Hasiguti1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 939-946
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSTo investigate the defect structures of slightly reduced rutile (TiO2) channeling experiments were performed on a slightly reduced specimen and a stoichiometric one with about 6 MeV protons accelerated by a cyclotron. In an angular scan of the backscattering yield of protons from Ti ions with respect to the [001] axial channel, a peak along the [001] direction was observed only in the reduced specimen. By the analysis of the angular scan it was confirmed that main defects in a slightly reduced rutile are Ti interstitial ions. They are located within about 0.4 Å of the [001] mid-channel axis. This result supports the interpretation of EPR experiments that a so-called C-center is a Ti interstitial ton.View full abstractDownload PDF (1080K) -
Ajai , Hari Prakash1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 947-953
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSResonant scattering of am intense beam of radiation by an arbitrary number of atoms contained in a volume whose dimensions are small as compared to the radiation wavelength is studied. It is seen that the scattered radiation is an equally spaced triplet whose middle frequency is equal to the incident frequency. Counting rates exact to all orders in incident intensity are obtained. Special cases of (i) atoms in ground state, (ii) atoms in excited state, (iii) assembly of atoms in super-radiant state, and (iv) assembly of atoms in thermal equlibrium are studied.View full abstractDownload PDF (780K) -
Mikihiko Hirono1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 954-960
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA new expression for semi-empirical non-Lorentzian line shape has been obtained. The absorptances in NH3–H2, HCl–CO2 and NO–NO collisions are better represented by a line shape varying as |ν−ν0|−η with η=1.6 at frequencies greater than ∼1 cm−1 from the line center. For CO2 lines, however, the Lorentzian shape seems to be valid within a large frequency interval from the line center. A method for determining the strengths and widths of non-Lorentzian lines from the equivalent width data is discussed. This method has been applied to the rotational lines of CO.View full abstractDownload PDF (732K) -
Yoshihiro Hamauzu1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 961-970
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe Laue equation for atom diffraction by crystal surfaces is generalized to include the effects of the atom-phonon interactions exactly. An intensity formula near resonance is derived on the basis of the generalized Laue equation. The diffraction amplitude T is written as the sum of the amplitude Tp due to the potential scattering and the amplitude Tr due to the resonance scattering. The resonance width and the shift of the resonance energy are involved in the expression for T. Provided that near resonance the variation of Tr with the incident conditions are much more larger than that of Tp, it is predicted from the intensity formula that the resonance minima and resonance maxima appear in the intensity curves for the specular and non-specular beams, respectively. The intensity formula is applied to the analysis of intensity profiles near resonance for the H+NaF(001)system.View full abstractDownload PDF (1092K) -
R. G. Kulkarni, G. K. Bichile, M. D. Karkhanavala, A. C. Momin1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 971-974
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe lattice parameter aT of strontium nitrate has been measured in the temperature range 261 to 740 K using a high temperature X-ray djffractometer and a 10-cm diameter symmetrically focusing back-reflection camera. aT is found to increase parabolicaiiy with temperature. The linear thermal expansion coefficient α is calculated by differentiation of aT with respect to temperature. The α values and the available data on specific heat Cp and elastic constants (C11, C12) are used in calculating the Grüneiscn parameter γ at different Temperatures. The temperature dependence of the lattice vibrational frequencies is found using the values of α and γ.View full abstractDownload PDF (412K) -
R. P. Gairola, B. S. Semwal1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 975-981
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAn expression is obtained for the one-phonon differential scattering cross section of neutrons in displacive ferroelectrics in the presence of external electric field by considering higher order anharmonic terms in the Hamiltonian using the approach of I. At any temperature well above the Curie temperature Tc, the expression gives the field dependence as K1+K2E2, K1 and K2 being the temperature dependent anharmonic coefficients, while in the absence of external field the expression reduces to give the temperature dependence as C1T+C2T2, which is in agreement with the dependence derived in I. However in the vicinity of Tc, it is the long wavelength Cochran modes which give the anomalous behaviour of the scattering cross section. Electric field dependence of the square of the soft mode frequency is also discussed. It is seen that it increases with the applied field, which is in agreement with the experimental results of Worlock and Fleury.View full abstractDownload PDF (652K) -
Masatoshi Asari, Yoshiaki Kido, Fumio Fukuzawa1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 982-987
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe equilibrium charge distributions resulting from 2.0-MeV nitrogen ions passing through an N2 gaseous target are presented. The modified slope method is developed for determining charge-changing cross sections from the data of non-equilibrium charge fractions at low pressures. By changing the initial charge state of the projectile ions, some of the cross sections of single and double electron capture and loss were determined. The measured cross sections of single electron capture are in good agreement with the theoretical calculations of Bohr-Lindhard and also with the semiempircal values of Nikolaev et al. The measured cross sections of single electron loss are quite different from the theoretical calculations.View full abstractDownload PDF (660K) -
Hiroyoshi Nagae, Sigeo Yomosa1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 988-995
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe π-electronic structures of bacteriochlorophyll and bacteriopheophytin with neutral, monocationic and monoanionic forms are investigated. The π-radical doublet states are calculated by CI method, using the electronic configurations constructed from the SCF–PPP orbitals calculated for neutral molecule. The calculated excitation energies and the oscillator strengths are found to be in a fairly good agreement with experiments. Comparing our theoretical results with the experiments on the reaction center of photosynthetic bacterium, we conclude that π-cation radical of bacteriochlorophyll (not bacteriopheophytin) is formed at the initial stage of the light reaction of photosynthesis.View full abstractDownload PDF (896K) -
Hiroko Kakitani, Toshiaki Kakitani, Shigeo Yomosa1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 996-1004
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe circular dichroism spectra in rhodopsin and bathorhodopsin are theoretically analysed in terms of intrinsic optical activity of the retinal chromophore according to a torsion model proposed in paper I. The self-consistent HMO method is used to treat the π-electron system of the chromophore. From the analysis of the α- and β-bands of optical absorption and circular dichroism spectra, the plausible conformation of the chromophore is predicted as follows. In rho-dopsin, 6s-cis, 11-cis protonated retinal Schiff-base 12s-trans form and the bonds 6C–7C, 11C–12C and 12C–13C are twisted in −, + and − directions, respectively, when torsional angles θ’s are measured clockwise from planar cis conformation. Although we cannot determine the values of θ’s definitely, the ranges of them are θ6−7=−40°∼−120°, θ11−12=30°∼40° and θ12−13=−130°∼−150°. In bathorhodopsin, the bond 11C–12C is isomerized to a trans form by the rotation of about 100°∼120° around it in the plus direction.View full abstractDownload PDF (1156K) -
Yasuhito Kiwamoto, Hajime Kuwahara, Hiroshi Tanaca1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 1005-1009
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSNonlinear evolution of the electron-beam instability is examined experimentally in a plasma unstable for ion-acoustic wave excitation. Amplitude modulation of the electron wave is observed, with the threshold for the energy density practically equal to zero. When the beam density is more than a few percents of the plasma density, the electron wave energy grows up to several percents of the thermal energy. The peaks in the amplitude are found to correspond, for the wave, to the trapping in the density depressions executing ion-acoustic oscillation. A striking feature of the present experiment is a coupled relaxation oscillation between the electron wave and the ton-acoustic wave.View full abstractDownload PDF (676K) -
Tadatsugu Hatori, Yoshinosuke Terashima1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 1010-1018
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSNonlinear evolution equation for the collisional drift wave is obtained in a stab model based on the two fluid equations where the ton inertia, finite gyroradius and viscosity are included. A systematic expansion is introduced by taking ε=|κ|l as a smallness parameter where κ is the degree of density gradient and l is the linear scale of the stab along the density gradient. A set of the model equations is proposed to describe the evolution of the nonlinear drift wave.View full abstractDownload PDF (684K) -
Tsuneo Amano, Masao Okamoto1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 1019-1024
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSNumerical analysis has been made of the time evolution in density profiles of the impurities in a Tokamak. The diffusion and atomic processes of impurities are treated simultaneously. Two different numerical methods were used; the results are in good agreement between the two. Calculations are made in the case of a constant spatial distribution of the plasma. The impurity concentration in the plasma is revealed. The procedure may be useful for analysis of the time evolution of a Tokamak plasma in computer simulation and for the analysis of the impurities by optical measurementView full abstractDownload PDF (644K) -
Akihiro Mohri, Kazunari Ikuta, Masaru Masuzaki1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 1025-1028
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIt is analytically shown that the decrease of the return current of plasma forces an injected relativistic electron beam to land on an equilibrium orbit inside a conductive toroidal chamber. The mechanism is similar to the adiabatic trapping of electrons in betatron.View full abstractDownload PDF (408K) -
Yuji Kodama1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 1029-1033
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSFor evolution equation φxt=h(φ), a canonical transformation which keeps the Hamiltonian form invariant is investigated. It is shown that the canonical transformation of this type exists, if h(φ) is linear or hφφ(φ)=μ2h(φ), where μ is a constant, and that a restricted Bäcklund transformation proposed by McLaughlin and Scott is a canonical transformation. For such nonlinearities, for example the sine-Gordon type h(φ)=sinμφ, the canonical transformations are explicitly constructed and are used to display nonlinear interactions. A relationship between the condition hφφ(φ)=μ2h(φ) and the existence of an infinite number of conservation laws are discussed from the view point of the theory of the canonical transformation. These results will be clarify the dynamical significance of the Bäcklund transformation and the soliton phenomena.View full abstractDownload PDF (492K) -
R. N. Jana, N. Datta, B. S. Mazumder1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 1034-1039
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAn exact solution for the MHD Couette flow and heat transfer of a conducting liquid in a rotating system has been obtained. It is found that at the moving plate the resultant shear stress increases and the rate of heat transfer decreases with increase in either magnetic parameter or rotation parameter.View full abstractDownload PDF (512K) -
Katsuhiko Goda1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 1040-1046
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSBy means of modal energy sharing, the recurrence phenomena of the solution of the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation are examined. The modal energy distribution depending on the time is calculated for the case of the solution with a sinusoidal initial state. It is found by the energy distribution that the solution does not recur exactly but recurs very near to its initial state. Further, some numerical experiments for the sinusoidal initial state with a second higher harmonic are done. Though extremely complicated distribution is obtained, in some cases, the energy recurs nearer to its initial modes than that regarded as rough periodic state in a short time. It is found that the energy sharing analysis is a good tool to examine the recurrence of the KdV solution.View full abstractDownload PDF (896K) -
Mitsuru Matsuura1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 1047C
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSDownload PDF (24K) -
Ryohei Nakata, Masamitsu Suzuki, Katsuyasu Kawano, Minoru Sumita1977 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 1047B
Published: March 15, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSDownload PDF (20K)