Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
Volume 45, Issue 6
Displaying 1-46 of 46 articles from this issue
  • Kiyoji Fukunaga, Noboru Fujiwara, Shigeru Kakigi, Takao Ohsawa, Hitosh ...
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1783-1790
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Kinematically complete experiments for the 3He(τ, τp)d, d* reaction and the 3He(τ, τd)p reaction were performed at 120 MeV. In the coincident energy spectra, large peaks corresponding to the quasi-free scattering were observed and bumps were also observed at higher part in the 3He energy. The energy spectra were compared with the curves calculated on the basis of the Alt, Grassberger and Sandhas (AGS) formalism and the bump was reproduced well with the curve for the τ-d quasi-free scattering followed by the p-d final state interaction. Any evidence for the excited state of 3He nucleus was not found.
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  • Naoshi Suzuki
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1791-1798
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The correlated-effective-field (CEF) approximation originally proposed by Lines is improved by introducing a self-consistency equation which is constructed from the transverse dynamical susceptibility (dynamical CEF approximation). This approximation preserves the conceptual simplicity of the molecular-field approximation and can be applied to complicated magnetic systems such as orbitally unquenched magnetic compounds. For orbitally quenched isotropic Heisenberg systems this dynamical CEF approximation is equivalent to the RPA-Green’s function method in both the paramagnetic and ordered states.
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  • Kêitsiro Aizu
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1799-1806
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    With a variation of the recently developed new thought on incommensurate phase transitions, a case is investigated where the x and y principal axes of the prototype are equivalent; as an example the prototype space group is assumed P4⁄mbm and the unmodulated soft modes are assumed fourfold degenerate with wavevectors (±1⁄3, 0, 0) and (0, ±1⁄3, 0). In cases like this, several new problems occur that have not been met with in the previously studied cases where no two of the x, y, z axes are equivalent. These problems are solved.
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  • Seizo Watarai, Takeo Matsubara
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1807-1814
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A theory of ferroelectric phase transition in AgNa(NO2)2 is proposed on the basis of a two sublattice model. A model calculation is performed to obtain the temperature dependence of spontaneous polarization and the intensity of Raman scattering due to the symmetric bending mode of NO2 ions. The theoretical results are shown in a good agreement with the experiments.
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  • C. Blaauw, G. R. MacKay, W. Leiper
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1815-1818
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Hyperfine fields of 121Sb were measured by Mössbauer spectroscopy at several temperatures in samples of Mn2Sb doped with impurity elements. The magnetic field at the Sb site in the antiferromagnetic state was determined as |H|≈150 kOe at 80 K. The measurements of H in the ferrimagnetic state for T<Tt, where the spinflop transition temperature Tt=240 K in pure Mn2Sb, were extended to room temperature.
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  • Toshiaki Enoki, Ikuji Tsujikawa, Akira Hoshi, Tsuneaki Goto
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1819-1826
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The magnetization of a random magnet, NipMg(1−p)(OH)2, was investigated at liquid helium temperatures in an applied field up to 85 kOe. Ni(OH)2 is a quasi-two-dimensional antiferromagnet accompanying a metamagnetic transition at 55 kOe. The transition field decreased as lowering of p and vanished at p≈0.3∼0.4, that is, somewhere about a critical concentration pc1 which was estimated by only taking into account strong ferromagnetic intralayer interactions. Below p∼0.3, the magnetization had a different behaviour from that of the metamagnet. Therefore, from pc1 to the observed critical concentration pc∼0.1, the system is considered as taking a spin arrangement different from a collinear antiferromagnetic one as in Ni(OH)2. The magnetization suggested that the ferromagnetic clusters are present and are interacting each other through weak antiferromagnetic interactions at low concentrations.
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  • Kiyosi Motida
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1827-1829
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    It is shown that in the supertransferred hyperfine interaction (STHF) associated with a dε orbital of the magnetic cation and an ms orbital of the neighboring cation, the direct transfer (via no intervening anion) and the indirect one interfere and weaken with each other when the cation-anion-cation angle is nearly 90°. From analyses of experimental data, the direct mechanism is shown to be unimportant in the cases of V4+, Cr3+, Mo5+ and Nb4+ doped in SnO2, and V4+, Cr3+ in GeO2, but to be important in the case of Re4+ doped in SnO2.
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  • Yoriyoshi Kawai, Tomoya Ogawa
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1830-1834
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The acoustic losses in single crystals of Mn–Zn ferrite (Mn0.53Zn0.35Fe2.12O4) and Mn–Zn ferrites substituted by titanium for three levels at 0.06, 0.07 and 0.09 per formula unit were studied at temperatures between 300 and 600 K by longitudinal vibration of 125 kHz.
    A loss-peak was observed at 479 K in the Mn–Zn ferrite along the [110] direction with and without an external magnetic field. This peak was attributed to the exchange motions between cations and their vacancies on the octahedral sites, and the activation energy for a vacancy is evaluated to be 0.81 eV.
    A similar loss-peak was observed for every titanium substituted Mn–Zn ferrite. The height of the peak increased and its temperature decreased with the increase in titanitun content. This peak dissolved into two relaxational loss-peaks due to exchanges between cations and the vacancies, which for one of the peaks the vacancies are induced by the titanium substitutions, and for the other they are thermally induced on the octahedral sites.
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  • Takahito Kaneyoshi
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1835-1841
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The spin wave spectrum of dense random packing amorphous ferromagnets is discussed. The genetal formula of spin wave stiffness parameter which appears in the long wavelength dispersion relation is given. An explanation for the roton-like minimum observed in Mook’s neutron diffraction measurement is also given within the quasicrystalline approximation.
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  • Masakatsu Umehara
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1842-1851
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A canting spin ordering mechanism in degenerate antiferromagnetic semiconductors with reservoir is studied based on the same approximation as in nonreservoir case in the previous paper. By reservoir effect, some modifications appear remarkably at the carrier concentrations near the antiferro(AF)-cant transition, where the ferromagnetic component Mz in the canting region becomes temperature dependent and the AF-cant-ferro or the cant-AF transition occurs with increasing temperature. With increasing the carrier concentration, however, the qualitative behaviour in non reservoir case is nearly conserved, that is, Mz in the canting region is nearly temperature independent and thus the cant-ferrotransition occurs with increasing temperature. Some comparisons with experiments are given for TbCu1−xZnx, Fe(PdxPt1−x)3 and MnB2.
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  • Takao Suzuki
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1852-1857
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The constitution of the phase diagram for the spin density wave states in dilute Cr–Ge alloys was investigated by means of thermal expansion measurement. The phase boundaries around the triple point among the paramagnetic (P), the commensurate (C) and the incommensurate (I) spin density wave (SDW) states were determined. The temperature of the triple point was assigned to 304 K and its composition to 0.32 at.% Ge. It was found that in a higher range of Ge content than the triple point, the ISDW state is more stable than the CSDW state at lower temperatures.
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  • Kenji Hinode, Shoichiro Tanigawa, Hiroaki Kumakura, Masao Doyama, Kens ...
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1858-1866
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Annealing behavior of fast-neutron-irradiated molybdenum was studied by means of positron lifetime technique. It was found that Stage III annealing can be mainly identified as the vacancy migration process from the detailed analyses of data. The void growth after successive high temperature annealings was clearly detected through the changes of positron lifetime parameters. An attempt to analyse the size distribution of voids from positron lifetime spectra was presented, and discussions on the evaluation of void concentration from positron data are also given.
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  • Yoshihiro Hosaka, Ikuyo Shiozaki
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1867-1873
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Hall resistivity ρ21(T, B) in pure crystals of Zn (rrr\simeq2.5×104) was measured when B⁄⁄[0001]. Even in a field much less than magnetic breakdown field, ρ21(B) showed a considerable deviation from linearity. Below 12 K, ρ21(T) reduces rapidly to negative value with decreased T. On a sample of thickness of about 50 μm and on a sample involving more impurity (rrr=2.5×103), the shift of ρ21(T) toward negative value with reduced temperature was negligible. These behaviors of ρ21(T, B) was explained by the anisotropic electron-phonon interaction process. Especially it was found the large effective mass of lens compared with monster played an important role on the anisotropy.
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  • Shoji Kashida
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1874-1879
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The sound velocities in K2PbCu(NO2)6 were measured in the vicinity of its structural phase transition point of 281 K. The velocity of the transverse sound wave traveling along the [110] direction with the polarization vector in the [1\bar10] direction was found to follow the Curie-Weiss type law; VT[110]=VT[110]1VT[110]1(T0⁄(TT0)), where VT[110]0=1.13×103 m/sec, VT[110]1=2.52×102 m/sec and T0=172.8 K. The anomalous behavior in the sound velocity was atrributed to the linear coupling between the strain and one of the order parameters associated with local distortion.
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  • Bin Okai, Jiichiro Yoshimoto
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1880-1886
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The covalent-metallic transition pressure of InSb depends on the direction of uniaxial stress applied to a single crystal specimen. The lowest transition pressure was 18 kbar in contrast to 31.5 kbar under pure hydrostatic pressure. Uniaxial stress applied on (100) was the most inefficient to precipitate the transition. From X-ray studies on single crystals, in addition to the above result, it is inferred that a simple process of contraction in one direction and dilatation in the other two directions does not seem to occur at the phase transition.
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  • Bin Okai, Jiichiro Yoshimoto
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1887-1890
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Uniaxial pressure precipitates metallic transition of GaSb and InAs. The lowest transition pressures obtained were 55–58 kbar (GaSb) and 63–67 kbar (InAs) in contrast to 65–75 kbar (GaSb) and 85–90 kbar (InAs), values reported so far. In the case of GaSb, uniaxial stress applied on (100) was the most inefficient to precipitate the transition, suggesting the same mechanism prevailing at the transition as in InSb. Although similar phenomenon was observed for Ge, quasi-hydrostatic pressure was more effective in precipitating the transition.
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  • Ko Sugihara, John A. Woollam
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1891-1898
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Our experiments on the galvanomagnetic effects of graphite in strong magnetic fields revealed that 1) σxyB is not a constant but depends on the field strength, 2) the resistivity at low temperatures has a field dependence of ρ≅B⁄(p+qBn), n≅1, and 3) in an applied magnetic field the ρ vs T curve has a maximum at T=20 K∼25 K. These results can not be explained by simple theory. However, if the transitions: D++(−e)→D0 and/or A+(+e)→A0 are induced in strong fields, where D corresponds to donor and A represents acceptor, then co-existence of ionized impurity scattering and neutral impurity scattering can explain the qualitative feature of the (B, T)-dependence of the resistivity at low temperatures. At high temperatures it is necessary to consider phonon scattering and carrier-carrier scattering. Without the carrier-carrier scattering the (B, T)-dependence of ρ for T>25 K can not be explained.
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  • Masatoshi Tanaka, Hirohito Fukutani, Goro Kuwabara
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1899-1904
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) have been studied for A, B excitons in MoS2, WS2, MoSe2 and WSe2 together with A′, B′ excitons in the diselenides. The effective g-values are obtained as nearly −3 for A, B and between −3 and −5 for A′, B′. By reference to band calculations and the piezo-reflectance study, the experimental results lead to the conclusion that the A, B excitons correspond to transitions from dz2 band to dxy and dx2y2 bands at the Γ point and the A′, B′excitons from p band to dxz and dyz bands at the same point.
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  • Mitsuo Wada, Akikatsu Sawada, Yoshihiro Ishibashi, Yutaka Takagi
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1905-1910
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Raman scattering spectra of single crystals of SC(NH2)2 were observed in the temperature range from 300 K to 77 K especially in the frequency region 0∼200 cm−1. The previous reports that there is a soft mode whose frequency decreases as the transition point T4 (202 K) is approached from below are confirmed. The soft mode frequency shows the scattering vector dependence in the ferroelectric phase. The incommensurate successive phase transitions in SC(NH2)2 are discussed in relation to the observed soft mode. The soft mode is inferred to be mainly the librational mode B2u(L) of SC(NH2)2 molecules, whose axis of libration is parallel to the c-axis.
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  • Kazuo Nakazato
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1911-1918
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The spatial distribution of electric current in semimetals is studied on the basis of the diffusion size effect. It is shown that the current is asymmetric with respect to the four corners of the rectangular cross section of a sample. This asymmetry gives a qualitative explanation for the induced voltage observed by Suzuki and Tanuma.
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  • Kunio Hashizume
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1919-1925
    Published: December 15, 1978
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    Optical properties of the Z4 absorption band and the Z4 emission band have been investigated. Z4 centers grow at the expense of M centers above −40∼−30°C. Peak position and the half height width of the absorption band are independent of the divalent contaminations and they depend only on the host crystal. They, however, depend on the temperature where Z4 centers were produced. The excitation spectra, temperature variation of the emission intensity, and temperature variations of the half height width of the absorption and the emission bands were observed. The Z4 emission band is located at 1.11 eV at LNT. The quantum yield of the Z4 emission is about 0.35 at LNT. The optical parameter were determined: νg=5.92×1012 cps and νe=4×1012 cps. The energy difference between the first excited state and the bottom of the conduction band is 0.256 eV. The Z4 center has an absorption band at 2.15 eV which is related to its higher excited state.
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  • Takehisa Yoshinari, Hideaki Iwano, Masamitsu Hirai
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1926-1932
    Published: December 15, 1978
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    The optical conversion of self trapped excitons (STE) from 3Σu+ state to 1Σu+ state has been confirmed by observing the σ emission spectra in KBr and NaCl single crystals under the double excitation by a pulsed electron beam and a Q-switched ruby laser light. The conversion efficiencies are 0.3±0.1 and 0.6±0.1 for KBr (5.8 K) and NaCl (6.5 K), respectively, and decrease at higher temperatures. From their temperature dependence, thermal activation energies for the quenching of the conversion are estimated to be 5±1 meV (KBr) and 11±2 meV (NaCl). The conversion efficiency from the STE to the F centers is 0.7±0.2 in KBr. Possible relaxation process of the STE is discussed.
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  • Noriko Nishimaki
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1933-1938
    Published: December 15, 1978
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    Optical and thermal properties of the Z4 band have been investigated in KCl crystals doped with various alkaline earth impurities. It is found that color centers associated with the Z4 band actually consist of two different types of radiative centers, which are designated as Z4S and Z4L, and non-radiative centers. The emission peak of the Z4S center is essentially independent of the kind of divalent impurities, while that of the Z4L center varies with the impurities.
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  • Tadashi Itoh, Teiichi Suzuki
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1939-1948
    Published: December 15, 1978
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    Two polariton scattering in resonance with giant two-photon excitation of excitonic molecule in CuCl has been measured in various scattering configurations with using single-beam and two-beam excitation methods. Several scattering lines are found, the peak energies of which depend strongly not only on the direction of observation but also on the geometrical configuration of two excitation laser beams. Dependence of the peak energy, line width and polarization of these scattering lines upon the incident energy and the excitation power has been investigated in details, from which the non-linear effect on the polariton dispersion associated with the giant two-photon absorption is found.
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  • Yositaka Yosida, Akira Ikushima
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1949-1956
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Critical fluctuations in a binary mixture, cyclohexane-methanol, are studied by measuring the intensity of the Rayleigh scattering. Measurements are made along the critical isochore above Tc, and along the methanol-rich side of the coexistence curve below Tc. Critical exponents and the zero temperature correlation lengths are determined as γ=1.27±0.06, γ′=1.14±0.10, ν=0.65±0.03, ν′=0.58±0.04, ξo=4.1±0.5 Å, and ξoM′=6.2±1.2 Å, where ξo and ξoM′ are respectively the zero temperature correlation lengths above and below Tc.
    The scattering intensity shows a decrease when AC electric field is applied. The decrease |ΔI|⁄I={I(k,E)−I(k,0)}⁄I(k,0), where E is the field strength and k the scattering vector, is determined in the temperature range 1×10−5t≤5×10−2, where t is the reduced temperature. The maximum value of |ΔI|⁄I was 0.65 at E=700 Vp–p/cm. The field strength dependence of |ΔI|⁄I is interpreted by applying the formula which explains the intensity of the Rayleigh scattering due to the fluctuations of the orientation of a director no in nematic liquid crystals.
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  • Masatoshi Imada
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1957-1964
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    A simple model is used to study the dependence of the sputtering yield on the incident atomic number (Z1). Scatterings between incident and target atoms are classified into two types, that is, large and small angle scatterings. Large angle scatterings are represented by random walks with a certain energy loss and small angle scatterings by another certain energy loss. The range distribution derived from this model is compared with other rigorous calculations. Sigmund’s theory considerably overestimates the sputtering yield in the region where M2>>M1, M1 and M2 the mass of incident and target atoms respectively. Our simple model explains this as a surface boundary effect, i.e., as an effect due to escaping of energetic atoms from the surface.
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  • Kunihiko Morimoto, Kenji Shimomura, Makoto Yoshida
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1965-1974
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The relaxation time T1D of the dipolar energy of proton spins in four-spin-1/2 tetrahedral group of NH4-ion has been compared with the relaxation time T measured in the rotating frame. We have found that T1D is larger than T when ω0τc>>1 and γHLτc<<1, which is different from the relation T1D<T when ω0τc<<1, where ω0 is the Larmor frequency of proton spins in the laboratry frame, HL the local dipolar field and τc the correlation time. An expression of T1D has been derived to explain the relation T1D>T. The relation T1D>T may be understood by considering the inter-molecular interaction among NH4-ions and a three-spin system which is a basic unit for the spin-lattice relaxation of dipolar energy. We have also found, in contradiction to the expected relation (T1D)min<(T)min, that the minimum value of T1D, (T1D)min, is larger than that of T, (T)min, in some ammonium salts. Several possible explanations of the relation (T1D)min>(T)min have been given.
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  • Vijay Kumar Kaushik, Kojiro Takagi
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1975-1978
    Published: December 15, 1978
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    Centrifugal distortion effects in the microwave rotational spectrum of Formaldoxime (CH2NOH) have been investigated. The centrifugal distortion analysis makes possible the accurate calculation of rotational and centrifugal distortion constants. Distortion corrected rotational constants have also been obtained.
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  • Takumi Yamamoto, Takashige Tsukishima
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1979-1984
    Published: December 15, 1978
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    Using the microwave scattering method, we observed that two ion acoustic waves with frequencies f0⁄3 and 2f0⁄3, and wave numbers k0⁄3 and 2k0⁄3, respectively, were simultaneously excited in an argon positive column, when the amplitude of the pump ion acoustic wave with f0 and k0 exceeded a certain value. The observed threshold value agreed roughly with the theoretical one estimated from the coupled equations for the three ion acoustic waves. When the value of f0 was increased higher than a certain value, the subharmonic waves with f0m and 2f0m (m=4, 5) were excited also.
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  • Nobuo Yajima, Yoshinobu Kawai, Ken Kogiso
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1985-1991
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Ion heating mechanism in a plasma with a coherent ion acoustic wave is studied experimentally and numerically. Ions are accelerated periodically in the electrostatic potential of the coherent wave and their oscillation energy is converted into the thermal energy of ions through the collision with the neutral atoms in plasma. The Monte Carlo calculation is applied to obtain the ion temperature. The amplitude of the electrostatic potential, the mean number of collisions and the mean life time of ions are treated as parameters in the calculation. The numerical results are compared with the experiments and both of them agree well. It is found that the ion temperature increases as the amplitude of the coherent wave increases and the high energy tail in the distribution function of ions are observed for the case of large wave-amplitude.
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  • Takashi Maekawa, Shigetoshi Tanaka
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 1992-2000
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A strong radial electric field Er is produced in an inhomogeneous plasma column under a weak magnetic field B by applying a dc voltage between a cathode and a heating anode of hollow cylindrical type. Then, the lower hybrid drift instability is excited by a cross-field current due to Er×B drift of electrons. Experimental results of the instability are explained by the dispersion equation, where a negative energy wave of a drifting electron beam interacts with the lower hybrid wave in the background plasma. As the instability is developed, the radial electron current increases and hot ions up to 1 keV are produced.
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  • Hideaki Takabe, Katsunobu Nishihara, Tosiya Taniuti
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2001-2008
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The structure of a stationarily propagating deflagration wave, driven by the absorption of laser energy, is investigated by use of a two temperature hydrodynamic model. It is shown that nonlinear electron thermal conduction and electron-ion temperature relaxation are responsible for most of the structure. In a steady compression model, plasma motion of the whole system is determined with the aid of energy conservation of the system.
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  • Akira Noguchi, Hideaki Watanabe, Kiyoshi Sakai
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2009-2013
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The self-dual network equation with saturable nonlinearity is discussed by the inverse scattering method. Four types of soliton solution with non-zero asymptotic value are obtained. In the continuum limit, the equation is classified into two cases: the Korteweg-de Vries (K-dV) eq. and the mixed type of the K-dV eq. and the modified K-dV eq.
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  • Khalid Rashid, Shinzi Kuwabara
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2014-2020
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Two-dimensional steady state laminar natural convection in a region between two infinitely long horizontal concentric square ducts is studied numerically. The basic differential equations for the conservation of mass, momentum and energy, using the Boussinesq approximation, are computed applying straightforward explicit finite difference scheme. The ratio of the inner (hot) and outer (cold) ducts is considered to be 1 to 5. Calculations have been made for Rayleigh number, Ra, up to 20000 and Prandtl number, Pr, in the range of 0.7 to 1000. Numerical values are presented for the flow field (stream function), temperature distributions, and both local and overall heat transfer rates.
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  • Khalid Rashid, Sinzi Kuwabara
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2021-2029
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Two dimensional steady state laminar natural convection and the effect of localized heating at various pressures and temperatures on flow patterns in a rectangular channel is studied numerically. The governing equations for conservation of mass, momentum, energy and equation of state for the problem are solved by using an explicit finite difference scheme. All properties of the fluid, helium, are considered to be temperature dependent. The numerical results obtained with variable fluid properties differ remarkably from those with constant fluid properties. Flow patterns at the Rayleigh number greater than 1100 (pressure 50 mm Hg) are found to be almost similar to those previously reported.
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  • Shinsuke Watanabe, Makoto Miyakawa, Masahiro Tada
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2030-2034
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Asymptotic property of collisionless shock has been examined experimentally using a nonlinear LC circuit which simulates the Toda lattice. The shock front velocity depends on the magnitude of a discontinuity as a collisional shock, but the collisionless shock is not stationary. That is, soliton like peaks are generated behind the shock front as an initial step voltage propagates in the circuit. The time interval between these peaks increases logarithmically in time but decreases in proportion to square root of an initial amplitude. The results are qualitatively explained by a solution of Korteweg-de Vries equation.
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  • Kazuyoshi Takeda, Tomoyuki Koike, Taiichiro Haseda
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2035-2036
    Published: December 15, 1978
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    The phenomena of rapid increase of the Néel temperature TN(H) of the quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnet TMMC (TN(0)=0.835 K) has been studied by the heat capacity measurement under the magnetic field H perpendicular to c-axis; TN(H)⁄TN(0)\simeq2 at H=30 kG. On the contrary, TN(H) for the impure TMMC with 0.44 atom-% Cu2+ ions keeps to stay near TN(0)=0.74 K independently of the field. The possible correlation length along the magnetic chain is discussed.
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  • Satoshi Matsuda, Yasuyuki Takata
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2037-2038
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Fine magnetic domain structures in MnBi thin films was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) instead of optical microscope. After a drop of magnetite colloid was fallen on MnBi thin films which was coated with SiO film, magnetic walls which aggregated a dried magnetite colloid was observed at the magnification of 10000 by SEM. Detailed micrograph was showed.
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  • Tokuho Takagaki, Masayuki Ido, Takashi Sambongi
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2039-2040
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The thermoelectric power of NbSe3 was measured. The type of the major carrier is estimated by comparing the results with the Hall coefficient measured by Ong and Monceau.
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  • Koichi Imanaka, Tetsuaki Wada, Masaji Tanaka, Hiroshi Ohkura
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2041-2042
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A new optical detection method of ESR in the RES of the F center has been developed. It is tested for KBr, RbCl, and RbBr by monitoring the change in the MCP of the F emission produced by the ESR transition, when the F excitation light is circularly polarized. Diamagnetic component of the MCP for RbCl and RbBr are presented as |ΔdH0|=(13.0±1.3) and (11.0±1.5)×10−8·Oe−1, and paramagnetic component for RbCl is presented as Δp=(1.3±0.2)×10−3.
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  • Hisao Ito, Hideo Onuki, Ryumyo Onaka
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2043-2044
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Optical absorption and photoelectron spectra of CsPbCl3 and CsPbBr3 have been studied. A sharp absorption peak is found at about 3 eV in CsPbCl3 and 2.4 eV in CsPbBr3 and its position shifts toward lower energy as the temperature decreases. XPS and UPS measurements of the materials suggest that this first peak is to be assigned mainly to the 6s→6p transition in Pb2+ ions.
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  • Yoshihiro Ishibashi, Mitsuo Wada, Akikatsu Sawada
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2045-2046
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    It was confirmed by the observations of domains that CsH2PO4 is ferroelastic in the paraelectric phase. The domain boundaries are almost parallel to the (001) plane of the base centered monoclinic system. This observation suggests the existence of a prototypic orthorhombic crystal structure.
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  • Gen Matsumoto
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2047-2048
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Current fluctuation was observed for the first time in sensitized giant axons of squid. Fluctuating current was pulsive and its number increased monotonically as the membrane system approached itself to the state of self-sustained repetitive firing of action potentials. It has been concluded that the current fluctuation is originated not from ionic interdiffusion through the membrane but from macroscopic ion-flow. This is consistent to the existence of the time-ordered and spatially-organized structure which was previously confirmed in the state of self-sustained oscillation of action potentials.
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  • Jiro Sakami
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2049-2050
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The origin of the sharp “piezoelectric lines” from Rochelle salt crystal plates was studied by means of the X-ray diffraction topography. The topographs taken during the excitation of the piezoelectric lines by applying an external electric field of resonant frequencies, have revealed that the vibration of the piezoelectric lines takes place in a confined cylinder-like volume of about 3 mm in diameter.
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  • Shoichi Kai, Mamoru Takata, Kazuyoshi Hirakawa
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2051-2052
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The analogy between the inversely normalized frequency in electrohydrodynamics (EHD) and the Prandtl number in a convective flow was studied by measuring the relaxation process observed in the intensity of light transmitted. It is obtained in EHD that the Prandtl number is about 102 in conductive regime and smaller than 1 in oscillating regime.
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  • Hitoshi Hojo, Tsuguhiro Watanabe
    1978 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2053-2054
    Published: December 15, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Instability of collisionless drift waves due to non-uniform density gradient in a sheared magnetic field is studied numerically for the case of a Gaussian profile of the density gradient taking the full plasma dispersion function into account. A critical shear for stability is obtained, which agrees to the Krall-Rosenbluth criterion within a factor of two.
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