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Takeshi Sugihara, Hiroshi Oda
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1047-1056
Published: April 15, 1979
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The size spectrum caused by a power primary energy spectrum is studied by an analytical method utilizing the Mellin transformation. When the average size is a power function of primary energy
E and the shape of the size fluctuation is independent of
E, the spectrum becomes a power spectrum irrespective of the functional form of the fluctuation, and is practically determined by moments of the fluctuation up to second order. Results are applied to problems related to the size-energy conversion, the change in the slope of the size spectrum, and heavy primaries. A modification of the method so as to take into account the change in the coefficient of variation of the fluctuation with
E is also presented together with a numerical example.
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A. K. Sharma, Ravinder Kaur, H. R. Verma, K. K. Suri, P. N. Trehan
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1057-1066
Published: April 15, 1979
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The level structure of
124Te has been investigated by studying gamma rays emitted following the beta decay of
124Sb to the excited states of
124Te. The intensities of 70 gamma rays observed in this decay have been measured with a better precision than known earlier. The existence of the gamma rays with energies of 1248.62 and 1731.4 keV has been confirmed, whereas the 159.4, 185.4, 385.9, 476.6, 498.4, 553.8, 997.0, 1163.2, 1388.7, 1505.6, 1557, 1950.4, 2151.5 and 2274.0 keV gamma transitions reported earlier have not been observed in the present investigations.
The gamma-gamma angular correlation measurements for nine cascades populated in this decay have been done out of which 791–(646)–603 keV cascade has been attempted for the first time. From these measurements, the multipole admixtures in the 714, 723, 791, 968, 1045, 1368, 1691 and 2091 keV transitions have been obtained. These angular correlation studies have enabled us to assign 2
+ and 3
− characters to the levels at 2039.5 and 2694.0 keV respectively.
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Masanobu Sakaguchi, Tsutomu Tamura, Zyun-itiro Matumoto
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1067-1074
Published: April 15, 1979
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The level scheme of
189Os has been studied from β decay of
189Re. Gamma-ray spectra, conversion electron spectra, and β-γ and γ-γ coincidence spectra were obtained by using high resolution detectors. A total of 66 γ transitions observed were assigned to 17 excited states of
189Os. Most level properties are explained by the Nilsson model. Some low-lying 5/2
− and 7/2
− levels are discussed in terms of the triaxial rotor-plus-particle model.
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Fumiaki Shibata, Motoko Asou
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1075-1082
Published: April 15, 1979
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Real space renormalization group approach is extented to the case of site dilution problem. The critical index ν and a decrease in the critical temperature are calculated as a function of impurity concentration. The result agrees well with recent experiments. An apparent divergence of ν at the critical concentration also indicates an instability of the two-dimensional long range ordered phase.
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Motoko Asou, Fumiaki Shibata
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1083-1086
Published: April 15, 1979
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The magnetic critical index γ is calculated by the method of real space renormalization group as a function of impurity concentration. A good agreement between the theory and the experiments is obtained.
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Takashi Odagaki, Naofumi Ogita, Hirotsugu Matsuda
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1087-1091
Published: April 15, 1979
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We study a quantal percolation process in a square lattice gas in the super-critical regions by making use of a computer simulation. Critical quantal percolation density is determined by a criterion of electron localization. Our result suggests that the critical quantal percolation density is very close to the critical density for the classical percolation at all temperatures above the critical temperature. We also discuss the temperature dependence of the one-electron density of states of the lattice gas.
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Kazuo Nakazato
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1092-1100
Published: April 15, 1979
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When an electromagnetic wave is propagated through a metal in a static magnetic field, a dc electric field is induced in the metal. We consider the mechanical effect on this Photo-magneto-electric [PME] effect in semimetals by using the density matrix method. It is shown that the momentum transfer from electrons to scatterers makes an important role on PME. In some cases, the total momentum given to the scatterers by the electrons is larger than the one given to the electrons by the electromagnetic wave. The results qualitatively explain the essential features of the experiments, including the sign of the electric field which can not be explained by the previous theories.
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Teruo Matsushita, Eiichirou Kusayanagi, Kaoru Yamafuji
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1101-1108
Published: April 15, 1979
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An analytic expression is derived for the current-voltage characteristic of superconducting foils with dilute pins. For a randomly pinned superconductor, the dynamic critical current estimated in the flux flow state is of a comparable order as the static critical current, which has a close connection with the threshold criterion proposed by Labusch. The current vs voltage curve has a slightly concave tail and shows a sensitive dependence on the detailed shape of the pinning potential.
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Teruo Matsushita
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1109-1111
Published: April 15, 1979
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The current-voltage characteristics in superconducting foils are calculated for the case that the interaction between small pinning centres and fluxoids with the Abrikosov structure may be expressed by a sawtoothed pinning force varying with the period of the lattice spacing. The
I-
V curves have nonlinear characteristics due to the nonlinear motion of fluxoids around pinning centres. This effect is shown to be enhanced as the strength of the elementary pinning force is reduced.
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Yasuharu Kashihara, Akihiko Nishida, Hide Yoshioka
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1112-1118
Published: April 15, 1979
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The temperature dependences of the upper critical fields,
Hc2⁄⁄,⊥, and the lower critical field,
Hc1⁄⁄, have been measured on the single crystal of the layer structure TaS
2 intercalated with pyridine. Some basic parameters concerned with the superconducting properties have been determined using the anisotropic Ginzburg-Landau theory. The value of the specific heat jump at
Tc calculated from the experimental data shows a fairly good agreement to the previous results of the specific heat measurements. This fact seems to indicate the applicability of the anisotropic G–L theory to TaS
2(Py)
1⁄2.
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Izumi Iwasa, Keisuke Araki, Hideji Suzuki
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1119-1126
Published: April 15, 1979
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The longitudinal sound velocity in hcp
4He single crystals grown at 35.5 atm has been measured between 0.25 and 1.7 K at 10, 30, and 50 MHz. Above about 1 K, the change in the velocity is proportional to
T4 and independent of the frequency. Below 1 K the velocity change varies from crystal to crystal, depends on the frequency, and shows an annealing effect. These anomalous behaviors are caused by the interaction between the sound and the vibration of dislocations. The dislocation density
Λ, the average pinning length
L, and the damping constant
B are obtained using the Granato-Lücke theory. Typical values are
Λ=10
6 cm
−2,
L=5·10
−4 cm, and
B=3·10
−7·
T3 cgs when an exponential distribution for the pinning lengths is assumed. The choice of other distributions is discussed as well. Also discussed is the sound attenuation due to the dislocation vibration.
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Hiroki Itoh
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1127-1130
Published: April 15, 1979
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Magnetization and susceptibility measurements were made on a new spinel system Ni(Rh
1−xCr
x)
2S
4(0.15≤
x≤0.40). The resistivity measurement was made on the several samples. The resistivity shows metallic conduction and a marked change at the Curie temperature. The samples show ferromagnetism at low temperatures. The paramagnetic susceptibility obeys χ=χ
0+
CM⁄(
T−θ
P), where χ
0 is a temperature-independent paramagnetic susceptibility. Paramagnetic Curie temperature θ
P is positive in this system. The Curie constant per gramatom chromium
CM⁄2
x remains approximately constant for the compositions tested. It is pointed out that the properties of the system are similar to those of a system Cu(Rh
1−xCr
x)
2Se
4.
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Seijiro Maki, Kengo Adachi
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1131-1137
Published: April 15, 1979
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Magnetic and electrical properties of concentrated Cr
1−xMn
x alloy (0≤
x≤0.6) with the bcc structure were investigated. The magnetic property shows a band antiferromagnetism (0<
x≤0.10) and an additive localized paramagnetism (
x>0.1). An analysis of the electrical resistivity gives a truncation factor of the Fermi surface as a function of
x. By these results, the localized state of spins of Mn atoms and the concentration dependence of antiferromagnetic energy gap are elucidated. Weak ferromagnetism appears in the range of 0<
x<0.17 with the Curie point of 45 K and the maximum moment of 0.0029 μ
B per atom, and occurrence conditions of the weak ferromagnetism are shown.
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Yasuo Yamaguchi, Hiroshi Watanabe
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1138-1144
Published: April 15, 1979
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Ferromagnetic compounds Mn
1+δSb with NiAs crystal structure have a wide existing range (0≤δ≤0.22). Compounds of Mn
1.05M
δSb (M=Cr, Fe and Co) are prepared in order to study the electronic state of excess Mn in Mn
1+δSb. It is found that the excess cations occupy the same interstitial site as Mn, and have 0 μ
B for the case of M=Cr and Mn and about 1 μ
B for M=Fe and Co, and that they reduce the total magnetization and the Curie temperature at about the same rate as the case of M=Mn. A qualitative discussion is given on the analogy of transition atom impurities in metals.
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Osamu Yamashita, Yasuo Yamaguchi, Isao Nakatani, Hiroshi Watanabe, Kat ...
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1145-1152
Published: April 15, 1979
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The electronic state of CuCr
2Se
4 is investigated by means of the polarized neutron diffraction technique. From the measured form factors of copper and chromium atoms, the magnetic moments are determined to be −0.07±0.02 (μ
B/Cu) and 2.64±0.04 (μ
B/Cr), respectively. Further, the uniform polarization existent throughout the crystal is estimated to be −0.20±0.11 μ
B per formula unit, using the total moment 5.01±0.01 (μ
B/CuCr
2Se
4) obtained from the magnetization measurement. This result which differs from those reported by other authors with neutron diffraction, shows that neither of the ionic configuration models of Cu
+[Cr
3+Cr
4+]Se
4 and Cu
2+[Cr
23+]Se
4 gives a satisfactory explanation of CuCr
2Se
4, although the former is closer to the experimental data. The form factor of the chromium atom agrees well with the calculated free ion form factor for Cr
+, but not for Cr
3+, and this fact indicates that the unpaired electron density on the chromium atom is more spread than that for free Cr
3+. It is found that 84±16% of the unpaired 3
d electrons occupy
t2g orbitals.
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Hironobu Ikeda, Masatsugu Suzuki, Michael T. Hutchings
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1153-1160
Published: April 15, 1979
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We have studied the critical behavior of the two-dimensional site-random antiferromagnet Rb
2Co
cMg
1−cF
4 using neutron elastic and quasi-elastic scattering techniques. The variation with temperature of the intensity of the magnetic Bragg reflections shows a considerable rounding of the transition. Assuming a Gaussian distribution of transition temperature, we have determined the average Néel temperature 〈
TN〉 and the degree of distribution of Néel temperature σ, and the critical exponent β in a series of compounds with
c=1.0, 0.98, 0.97, 0.95, 0.89 and 0.82. The experimental data have been analysed to give the inverse correlation length and the susceptibility in the compounds with
c=1.0, 0.97 and 0.89 using the determined values of 〈
TN〉 and σ. The resulting values of the critical exponents β, ν, γ and η are found to coincide with the exact theoretical values for the two-dimensional Ising model within the experimental errors, and are independent of the concentration of nonmagnetic impurities.
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Makoto Isoda
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1161-1169
Published: April 15, 1979
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The longitudinal ultrasonic attenuation due to spin fluctuations in anisotropic itinerant electron ferromagnets is investigated by using the self-consistent renormalization theory of spin fluctuations by Moriya and Kawabata. The anomalous attenuation at the phase boundary and the broad peak above the Curie temperature are derived, and the temperature and magnetic field dependences of the attenuation coefficient are discussed. The numerical calculations were performed using an electron gas model.
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Kazuo Hattori
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1170-1175
Published: April 15, 1979
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The random binary Ising system with a term corresponding to a transverse field has been investigated. Two kinds of spins (A and B spins) are assumed to be randomly distributed. The Curie and Néel temperatures are obtained in various cases. The susceptibility is also calculated in the paramagnetic phase.
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Mitsuo Kataoka
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1176-1184
Published: April 15, 1979
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The equilibrium atomic distributions in the off-stoichiometric Cu–Au alloys whose high and low temperature phases are of the long period superlattice (LPS) and the Ll
0 (CuAu) structures respectively are investigated on the basis of the mean field theory. The obtained results are as follows. LPS with uniformly distributed excess atoms are generally unstable against the modulation of the concentration of excess atoms along the direction perpendicular to antiphase boundaries. The period of the concentration modulation (CM) is a half of that of LPS and its phase shows that excess atoms enter into sites at antiphase boundaries preferentially. CM produced by LPS increases the stability of LPS and sometimes LPS becomes stable only by accompanying CM.
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Shu-ichi Koike, Masayuki Hasegawa, Makoto Hirabayashi, Toshiharu Suzuk ...
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1185-1193
Published: April 15, 1979
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Angular correlation measurements of annihilation photons have been made on single crystals of the Cd–Mg alloys over all compositions. It is found that the Fermi surfaces of the alloys in the Cd-rich region distort considerably from a free-electron sphere; the 3rd band “stars” and the 4th band horizontal “cigars” around the points
L do not exist in Cd, and appear at 10 at% Mg accompanying an appreciable decrease of the energy gap at
L. It is proposed that changes in the 4
d core states cause the sudden decrease of the energy gap.
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Hirohiko Adachi, Shosuke Imoto
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1194-1200
Published: April 15, 1979
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Electronic structure calculations have been carried out for small clusters of iron series transition metals containing an interstitial hydrogen atom by the discrete variational Xα method. The hydrogen-metal bonding level is formed below the bottom of the
d band. The electron transfer from metal to hydrogen occurs, though the additional electron by hydrogenation occupies the 3
d hole to raise the Fermi level. The covalent bonding between H 1
s and metal 3
d is rather strong in all cases. Change in metal-metal bond by interstitial hydrogen is also significant in the bonding mechanism.
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Fumitake Itoh, Toshihisa Honda, Kenji Suzuki
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1201-1206
Published: April 15, 1979
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The Monte Carlo method for correcting the effect of multiple scattering in Compton profile measurements has been extended to take account of the geometry of collimators. This procedure is applied to experimental Compton profiles of aluminum measured with 59.54 keV γ-rays for various sample thickness. It is found that the corrected Compton profiles are independent of the sample thickness within experimental errors. Three theoretical Compton profiles for aluminum are compared with the experimental one.
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Shuichi Ishida, Eizo Otsuka
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1207-1217
Published: April 15, 1979
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The temperature dependence of the Hall coefficient and transeverse magnetoconductivity of n-InSb containing 2–5×10
14 cm
−3 donors has been systematically investigated in the magnetic freeze-out regime. Anomalous behavior in the low temperature conduction band transport separated from the impurity conduction is presented. Evidence is observed for the existence of mobility edge in the conduction band tail states. At high temperatures transport is predominated there by trap-limited mobility, while at lower temperatures by hopping between localized states. Hall mobility at the mobility edge well agrees with Friedman’s theory.
As for dependence of the impurity conduction on the temperature, magnetic field and donor concentration, a good agreement has been obtained between our experimental result and a recent theoretical prediction on the hopping conduction.
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Atsuhiro Fujii, Jun’ichiro Nakahara, Koichi Kobayashi, Yasuhiko ...
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1218-1224
Published: April 15, 1979
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Optical absorptions due to the phonon-forbidden indirect
X6+×
R6− exciton in TlCl and TlBr have been studied near the fundamental absorption edge by using a wavelength-moduration technique to resolve their fine structures. The experimental spectral band shape of wavelength-derivative absorptions is well described by a theoretical curve expected for a forbidden indirect exciton transition. It is found that four kinds of momentum conserving phonons at the
M-point are associated with this transition, and their energies are in good agreement with the values obtained by the neutron scattering studies. The binding energy of the
X6+×
R6− exciton is determined as 23±3 meV in TlCl and 19±1 meV in TlBr. Phonon modes which are associated with edge emissions observed in these substances are assigned.
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Kazuaki Tsuchida, Ryuji Abe
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1225-1231
Published: April 15, 1979
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ESR spectra of Fe
3+ ions doped in KDP and DKDP crystals were studied. The
D tensor for Fe
3+ ion in KDP crystal was distinctly different from that in DKDP in the temperature dependence, especially when the magnetic field was parallel to the
c-axis. The origin of the difference was investigated by considering the dynamical contribution from the ferroelectric soft mode.
The analysis showed that the difference was mainly caused by the change of the coefficient of the temperature dependent term in the dispersion relation of the soft mode. The comparison with the theoretical model proposed by Kobayashi suggests that the tunneling frequency of deuteron in DKDP (90∼95% deuterated) is a third of, or a little more smaller than that for KDP.
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Kêitsiro Aizu
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1232-1239
Published: April 15, 1979
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In general, when one set of unmodulated transition parameters is given, then corresponding to it, not only one but some nonequivalent sets of modulated transition parameters are possible, and hence so many different patterns of incommensurate modulation of the crystal are possible. Concerning a substance like ARS as an example, another pattern than that in the previous paper [JPSJ
44 (1978) 1248] is presented. The two patterns give different consequences. (It is assumed for simplicity that incommensurate modulation may occur only along the
x axis.) In the present case, the gap index is found to be 2. The number of possible incommensurate phases is 3. These phases, despite being incommensurate along the
x axis, are all ferroelectric with their
Ps along the
y axis, the
z axis and a general direction, respectively.
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Michio Midorikawa, Yoshihiro Ishibashi, Yutaka Takagi
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1240-1244
Published: April 15, 1979
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Phase transitions in KCaCl
3 and RbCaCl
3 were investigated by means of optical and dilatometric measurements. It was suggested from these investigations that on heating from room temperature both crystals transform from the orthorhombic phase to the tetragonal phase and then to the cubic phase. This transition sequence is in contrast with the one observed in other perovskite trichlorides such as CsPbCl
3, CsSrCl
3 and RbCdCl
3 which have two different orthorhombic phases.
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Masanori Arakawa
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1245-1249
Published: April 15, 1979
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An EPR investigation of Cr
3+ center associated nearest-neighbor Cd
2+ vacancy in RbCdF
3 has been carried out in the temperature range from 300 to 77 K. The field-direction dependence of the spectrum in the (001) plane at 77 K evidently shows the alternate rotations of the fluorine octahedra around the tetragonal
c-axis. This behavior should originate from the distortion of nearest-neighbor fluorine ion caused by Cd
2+ vacancy. The results indicate that this center is a sensitive probe to detect the rotations of octahedra caused by the phase transition for multidomain sample and is capable of determining the crystal structure in the low symmetry phase conclusively.
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Vimal Kumar Jain
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1250-1253
Published: April 15, 1979
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The electron spin resonance of VO
2+ in ammonium selenate has been studied in X-band and at 298 K. The ions reside in at least two chemically distinct sites. Vanadium does not appear to enter the lattice at substitutional sites. The spin-Hamiltonian parameters have been evaluated for the two sites. The principal values of
g and
A and the direction cosines in which the principal axes lie along the crystallographic axes are found for the predominant vanadyl complex. The ESR results in conjunction with the optical data were used to evaluate the molecular orbital coefficients.
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Yoshihiro Ishibashi
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1254-1257
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A simple computational method is presented for the activation energy of thick domain walls. It is based upon the Cauchy integral representation of the energy density function. Some examples are shown.
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Abhai Mansingh, Gulshan Rai
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1258-1264
Published: April 15, 1979
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The coercive field and spontaneous polarization have been measured as a function of temperature (−10°C to 22°C) for different thicknesses (about 2 mm to 0.5 mm) of triglycine selenate crystals. The thickness dependent dielectric constant has also been measured at frequencies 1 kHz, 10 kHz and 100 kHz. The coercive field is found to be inversely proportional to the thickness of the sample. The spontaneous polarization has been found to decrease with decreasing thickness and the effect is most pronounced at smaller thicknesses. The results can be explained by assuming a single homogeneous surface layer of low dielectric constant. However, the numerical values of surface layer thickness estimated from the coercive field measurements are two order of magnitude higher than those derived from thickness dependent dielectric constant measurements.
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Susumu Katano, Nobuo Mori
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1265-1272
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The electrical resistivity of
Cr–Fe alloys containing up to 2.6 at.% Fe is measured in detail over the temperature range 0.5 K–340 K. The resistivity of the alloys containing less than 0.6 at.% Fe shows a constant value below about 1.8 K, decreases with increasing temperature in proportion to
T2 and exhibits a minimum. The temperature of the minimum depends on c
1⁄3, where c is the concentration of Fe. The resistivity of more concentrated alloys exhibits a minimum and a maximum. The magnetic susceptibility of the alloy containing 1.5 at.% Fe shows a sharp peak just below the temperature where the resistivity maximum takes place. These results suggest that the resistivity minimum in antiferromagnetic
Cr–Fe alloys is due to the Kondo effect caused by localized magnetic moments on Fe atoms. The Kondo temperature
TK of the alloy containing 0.6 at.% Fe is estimated at about 140 K.
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Shinji Muramatsu, Nobuhiko Sakamoto
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1273-1279
Published: April 15, 1979
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A method for solving the problem of combined spin-orbit and Jahn-Teller coupling is introduced in the case of an electronic triplet state coupled to a vibration of
e mode in cubic symmetry. In this approach a simple recursion relation systematically provides basis functions which are very useful in reducing the size of the Hamiltonian matrix to be diagonalized numerically. As an example of application, the level splitting and optical intensity of the zero-phonon line have been calculated for
4A2→
4T2 transition of V
2+ ion in KMgF
3, and good agreement with experiment has been found.
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Noriaki Tsukada
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1280-1287
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The purpose of this paper is to develop a theory of saturation effects of the two-level system in two rotating rf fields with different frequencies and arbitrary intensities. We analyze this problem with the density matrix equation of motion including the relaxation processes, and the solution is obtained in the form of continued fraction. We give numerical calculations of the positions and shapes of the single and multiple quantum resonances, caused by large intensity rf fields using this continued fraction solution. It is also shown that the irradiation of an atomic system with a saturating field quasiresonant to a given transition drastically changes the absorption line shape of a probe field.
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K. Rai Dastidar, T. K. Rai Dastidar
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1288-1294
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An
ab initio calculation of the cross-sections of dissociative recombination (DR) in H
2+, HD
+ and D
2+ has been made using the projection operator technique. A single-configuration molecular orbital wavefunction has been used for the molecular resonance state, although the applicability of such a simple wavefunction has not been fully tested. The decay width has been calculated in the “local” approximation. Comparison with experiment shows that for H
2+ the calculated results can fully account for the total DR cross-section in the low and intermediate energy regions, and that the local approximation is sufficiently accurate to account for the undulatory structure in the energy dependence of the DR cross-section. A similar structure is also obtained for D
2+, although here the agreement with experiment is less marked. For HD
+ no particular heteronuclearity effect is observed.
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Nobuyuki Toshima
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1295-1301
Published: April 15, 1979
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The cross sections for the charge transfer processes p+H(
ns)→H(
n′
s,
n′
p)+p are calculated through the Born approximation formulated in paper I of this series. The cross sections show oscillatory structures at low energies which result from the nodes of the atomic wave functions in the momentum space. The oscillations of the full Born cross sections are more remarkable than those of the Brinkman-Kramers cross sections. The momentum transfer effect of the electron becomes more important down to lower energies as
n increases. A new interpretation of this effect is given which is based on the momentum distribution of the atomic electron.
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Tetsuo Nagata
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1302-1306
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For 1–5 keV beams of C
+, O
+ and S
+ ions passing through vapors of alkalies Cs, K and Na, the total cross sections σ
10 and σ
0−1 for the reactions of types A
++M→A+M
+ and A+M→A
−+M
+ (M: alkali atom) have been determined by growth-curve method. The cross sections σ
10 and σ
0−1 obtained are of the order of 10
−15 and 10
−16 cm
2 with the largest values of 1×10
−14 and 2×10
−15 cm
2, respectively, and are about one order of magnitude as large as those for ordinary gas targets. These cross section curves do not exhibit normal behavior predicted from values of energy defect
ΔE at infinite nuclear separation probably due to the interactions among some molecular states concerned. In particular, all the σ
10 curves have an oscillatory structure arising from quantum-mechanical interference between elastic and inelastic channels or between two inelastic channels.
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Tohru Sugimoto, Katsuyuki Nakano, Hiroki Kitajima, Hideo Suzuki
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1307-1314
Published: April 15, 1979
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The optical absorptions of all-
trans and 15-
cis β-carotene with non-planar configuration are calculated by means of our previous LCAO–ASMO–SCF–CI formulation for π-electrons, taking account of the screening of two-center Coulomb repulsion integrals for all the pairs of atoms except bonded ones.
It is thus shown that the
cis-peak of 15-
cis β-carotene is caused both by the loss of center of symmetry in the
cis configuration and by the twisting around C
14–C
15 and C
15′–C
14′ single bonds. It is also shown for 15-
cis β-carotene that the angle between transition moments of the first peak and the
cis-peak is 90° or not so much different from 90°.
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Yo Mizuta, Akkio Ohno
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1315-1323
Published: April 15, 1979
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Atomic spectrum of light emitted by the three-level system of Baranger and Mozer, in an unmagnetized, singly-ionized, homogeneous and stationary turbulent plasma, is calculated on the basis of the Bourret approximation. One-dimensional envelope-soliton-gas is adopted as a model for the fluctuation of the complex amplitude
E0(
t) of the oscillating local electric field, which is due to Langmuir waves coupled nonlinearly with ion acoustic waves. Characteristic quantities of this model are the average inverse of the soliton width 〈
B〉 and the soliton density \bar
n. It is also shown that the variance of
E0(
t) is proportional to \bar
n·〈
B〉, and the correlation time of
E0(
t) behaves like 〈
B〉
−2 when 〈
B〉→∞, on the other hand, like 〈
B〉
−1 when 〈
B〉→0.
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Akira Miyake, Yoshiaki Hoshino
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1324-1332
Published: April 15, 1979
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The Kratky-Porod wormlike chain is extended to a stiff chain model with three characteristic lengths by taking the continuous limit of a chain composed of hindered-rotating bonds with fluctuating bond angles. The limiting results are classified into four cases depending upon whether these three characteristic lengths possess their imaginary parts and whether they are degenerated or not.
The persistence vector and chain dimension of this continuous limit model indicate that the model is statistically equivalent to a superposition of three Kratky-Porod chains with different persistence lengths and chain directions, when the three lengths are all real and different. When two of the lengths are conjugate complex, the model shows the rotation of the direction of a component Kratky-Porod chain owing to the twisting freedom of the model, and when the lengths are degenerated, interaction effects of component Kratky-Porod chains appear.
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Masao Okamoto, Masafumi Azumi, Tomonori Takizuka, Atsushi Fukuyama
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1333-1339
Published: April 15, 1979
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The propagation of a lower hybrid wave in an inhomogeneous plasma is investigated numerically. By solving the system of two-fluid equations and the Poisson equation in the two-dimensional geometry, ray trajectories of a lower hybrid wave are traced. The cases of cold plasma approximation, linear approximation and nonlinear two-fluid model are examined for the periodic external wave source of infinite length. In the nonlinear calculation in a warm plasma, any noticeable nonlinear phenomenon such as self-modulation of hybrid cones is not observed. The effect of density fluctuation due to a drift wave on the conical ray trajectories is also studied.
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Toshiro Ohnuma, Shingo Ohmori, Shigeo Ohnuki, Saburo Adachi, Takao Fuj ...
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1340-1345
Published: April 15, 1979
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Electron Bernstein waves were found to propagate over a wide (ray) range of directions with respect to a localized launcher, although the wave propagation is directed nearly perpendicular to the magnetic field. The observed wave fronts of the electron Bernstein waves were in accord with the theoretical wave fronts in which the effect of the magnetic field of the earth was included. The theoretical ray velocity surfaces of the electron Bernstein waves were confirmed experimentally and theoretically.
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Noriaki Gohda
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1346-1353
Published: April 15, 1979
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The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations for the interaction of a shock-heated plasma flow with a nozzle-shaped magnetic field are solved numerically with the two-step Lax-Wendroff method using the time-splitting technique. The results are compared with the experimental data obtained with an arc-driven shock tube. The measured output voltage of pickup coils and the measured luminosity profiles in the shock front agree well to calculations.
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Akira Yoshizawa
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1354-1357
Published: April 15, 1979
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This paper studies turbulent flow in a channel. From a general formula for Reynolds stress given in paper I, mean velocity profiles are examined in the equilibrium layer near the wall and in the central region, respectively. Results obtained are that (1) in the equilibrium layer with constant Reynolds stress, the logarithmic velocity profile is derived and (2) in the central region with constant energy dissipation, the flattened parabolic profile is found, with its flattening determined by the Reynolds number of turbulence.
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Masaaki Doi, Tsutomu Imamura
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1358-1359
Published: April 15, 1979
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An exact Gaussian solution for two-dimensional incompressible inviscid turbulence is obtained by using the Wiener-Hermite expansion with the time-dependent ideal random function. The one-time characteristic functional corresponding to this solution is found to agree with the one obtained by Cook and Taylor, but the present method gives more information about the time dependence of the ideal random function, which is useful for dealing with the many-time correlation and extending to the viscous turbulence.
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Mitsutosi Kawaguti, Akiko Hamano
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1360-1365
Published: April 15, 1979
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The steady flow of a viscous fluid in a channel with a branch is studied as a two-dimensional model of a blood flow in an artery with a branch. In order to clarify the phenomena connected with bifurcation, the steady flow of a viscous fluid through a channel with a branch was numerically investigated for various parameters (the width of branched flow, the angle of bifurcation, the Reynolds number, the ratio of flow quantities downstream of bifurcation).
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Hiromichi Ezumi
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1366-1373
Published: April 15, 1979
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The shock reflection process in an ionizing krypton on the end wall of a shock tube has been investigated using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer technique at incident shock Mach numbers
Ms∼12.7 with initial pressure
P1=1.0 Torr and equilibrium elecrton number densities
neE∼10
17 cm
−3. Numerical calculations on the same process have also been made by the use of the two-step Lax-Wendroff scheme taking into account of the side wall boundary layer effect behind the incident shock. The calculated results of the interference light intensity in the ionization relaxation region gave fairly good agreement with the experimental ones by use of the value of 1.2×10
−19 cm
2/eV, which was obtained by Glass
et al. at
neE∼10
17 cm
−3, for the slope constant of excitation cross section against relative kinetic energy for krypton atom-atom collisions.
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Norio Kishida, Hajime Ohnuma
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1375-1376
Published: April 15, 1979
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Deuteron D-state effects are studied in the exact finite-range calculations for the
58Ni(p, d)
57Ni reaction at
Ep=52 MeV. The D-state effects on differential cross sections are still rather small at 52 MeV, and the observed angular distributions cannot be reproduced in a consistent manner although the quality of fits are slightly improved.
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Kazu Nishigaki
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1377-1378
Published: April 15, 1979
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The experimental ratio
Δ(ω
*) of critical sound dispersion to attenuation has compared with the mode coupling theory using available data on four different critical fluid systems; n-heptane-nitrobenzene, triethylamine-water, Xenon and Helium three. It was demonstrated that the universal plot for the experimental
Δ(ω
*) could fairly be described by the mode coupling theory assuming the empirical form for correlation function obtained by Tartaglia and Thoen on the basis of Fisher-Langer theory.
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Yoshihito Miyako, Toshikazu Sato, Yoshihide Kimishima, Y. G. Yuochunas
1979 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages
1379-1380
Published: April 15, 1979
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Specific heat of (Ti
0.99V
0.01)
2O
3 single crystal was measured in the temperature range from 0.3 to 4.5 K. An anomaly in the specific heat was not found clearly at the spin glass ordering temperature
Tg(0.45 K), but the rate of entropy change showed a peak at the
Tg. From this behavior, the spin glass freezing in (Ti
0.99V
0.01)
2O
3 appears to be a higher order phase transition.
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