Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
Volume 49, Issue 1
Displaying 1-50 of 71 articles from this issue
  • Hikonojo Orihara, Yoshihide Ishizaki, Hisashi Yamaguchi, Kazuo Iwatani
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 1-3
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    A systematic investigation has been made in order to study cross sections of the (p, t) reactions between ground states for the nucleus from A=54 (N=28) to A=82 (N=48) using a 52 MeV proton beam from the synchrocyclotron of INS.
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  • K. K. Gupta, S. K. Bhardwaj, D. K. Gupta
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 4-7
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    B(E2) values for inter rotational band transitions in deformed doubly even nuclei have been extracted by employing upto date life time data. These known experimental B(E2) values are compared with the theoretical estimates of Davydov-Rostovsky and empirical relation (proposed by authors elsewhere).
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  • Yukio Okwamoto
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 8-14
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The two-dimensional classical sine-Gordon system which contains a misfit parameter μ in one direction is investigated at a particular temperature. This model at that temperature is transformed into a one-dimensional free spinless Fermi system. The commensurate phase is stable when μ is smaller than the critical value μc. The fluctuating incommensurate state is realized when μ>μc. The mean misfit near the critical value μc behaves as (μ−μc)1⁄2.
    The Fourier transform of the correlation function is also calculated. In the incommensurate phase it has a delta-function and a logarithmically divergent term in addition to a broad peak. Its behavior can be understood in terms of the fluctuating discommensurations.
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  • Fumiaki Shibata
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 15-24
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    A rigorous quantum theory is developed on the nonlinear spin relaxation process. With the use of the phase space method, the quantum mechanical equation for a density matrix is mapped onto a c-number space. A quasi-probability function is then expanded in terms of spherical harmonics. It is clarified that the nonlinear relaxation process is characterized by 2J (J being the magnitude of a spin) different relaxation times. For J=1, time-evolutions of the first moment, fluctuation and probability function are exactly solved. An enhancement of the fluctuation is observed in the course of time development: This is similar to the phenomenon called “anomalous fluctuation” found in certain nonequilibrium systems.
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  • Ichiro Hatta, Hironobu Ikeda
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 25-27
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Based on the present theoretical status of the phase transition of the 2d-Heisenberg system, we re-examined in the anisotropic 2d-Heisenberg system the crossing-over from the 2d-Ising to the 2d-Heisenberg class for the amplitude of the specific heat capacity and the coefficient of the inverse correlation length in terms of the weak universality. It is clarified that in the anisotropy region Δ=0.002∼1 the system follows the strong universality. However, near Δ=0 the system should follow the weak universality in connection with the characteristic behavior of the temperature dependence of the correlation length in the 2d-Heisenberg system.
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  • Yoshiro Kakehashi
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 28-37
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A method to treat the pressure-volume relation in alloys on the basis of the virial theorem is proposed, and then the lattice parameter, the bulk modulus and the formation energy of the disordered 4d transition metal alloys are calculated. In this calculation, the s-d hybridization is neglected and the d band is treated in the single band off-diagonal C.P.A, the s band in the free electron like rigid band model. Assuming the charge neutrality condition at each site, it is found that the calculated lattice parameters, bulk moduli and formation energies of Nb–Zr alloy and Pd-base 4d transition metal alloys agree with the observed trends. Particularly, it is found that the negative deviation from the Vegard law is mainly due to the d part pressure. The origin of this attractive pressure lies in the gain of the Pd-site bond energy due to alloying.
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  • Sachio Watanabe
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 38-42
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Investigation is made on excessive electrons in nonpolar fluids near critical points with two-time Green function technique. The calculated energy and mass of the electron are changed from those of the quasi-free electron by means of critical fluctuations in the fluids. This indicates that the electrons are in the state different from the quasi-free state under the influence of the critical fluctuations. The new state seems to be plaron state.
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  • Keisuke Ito, Yoshitsugu Oono, Hideki Yamazaki, Kazuyoshi Hirakawa
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 43-52
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Great earthquakes (magnitude>7) apparently occur stochastically, but there is a possibility that the stochasticity is due to some deterministic mechanism; i.e., due to chaos. Detailed study of a simple earthquake model is given which shows a chaotic behavior. This is also the simplest model of coupled relaxation oscillators and has topologically the same structure as the Lorenz model.
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  • Yoshikazu Hayashi, Tatsuji Kato, Hideo Ogawa, Toshihiro Omodaka, Toshi ...
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 53-56
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    A method of constructing a point contact Josephson device with “ideal” I-V characteristics is described. Radio frequency (RF) outputs are detected with no intentionally applied external RF fields. Enhancements of output RF intensities occur at the gap and sub-gap voltages. Strong sharp peaks of RF outputs of approximately 10−12 W are observed at lower voltage regions. Effects of thermal and shot noises are discussed in relation to the singularities of an I-V curve.
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  • Takao Kodama, Yukio Morii, Yoshiko Fujii, Minoru Kubota, Toyoichiro Sh ...
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 57-61
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The thermal conductivity of liquid 3He has been measured at pressures 1.30, 10.0, 20.0 and 27.0 kg w/cm2 and at temperatures from 300 mK down to 20 mK. For each pressure, the coefficients of thermal conductivity in the limit T→0, and the finite-temperature corrections to the limiting low-temperature behavior of normal Fermi liquid were obtained. The results were compared with the Rice’s transport theory in nearly ferromagnetic Fermi liquid. Though qualitative agreement was obtained for the temperature dependence of the coefficients, the observed pressure dependence was stronger than that predicted by the theory.
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  • Yoshihide Kimishima
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 62-66
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The temperature dependences of magnetic susceptibility and specific heat were measured for (CH3NH3)2CuBr4. The phase transition to the antiferromagnetically ordered state was observed at 15.8 K. From the angle and field dependence of magnetic susceptibility, it was revealed that the preferred axis for the spins was c-axis in this compound. The origin of the anisotropy along c-axis was discussed qualitatively.
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  • Mitsuho Tanimoto, Yasaburo Yokozawa
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 67-73
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Shifts of ESR lines in impure two-dimensional magnets K2MncMg1−cF4 were investigated in X-band region at room temperature. The theory, which includes the terms arising from the two-dimensionality of spin distribution in the Kubo-Tomita theory, predicts the angular variation of sin2 θ(1+9 sin2 θ) cos 2φ or sin2 θ(3 cos2 θ−1) cos 2φ for the shifts according as all q modes or only q=0 mode in the dipolar interaction are concerned. Here, θ and φ are the polar and azimuthal angles, respectively, of the c axis with respect to a coordinate system in which an external field is along the polar axis. The shifts observed in K2Mn0.43Mg0.57F4 were explained by taking account of the dominancy of the q=0 mode and the effect of the long time tails in the spin correlation function in the impure system.
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  • Ikuo Yamamoto
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 74-80
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Magnetic properties of a randomly mixed system with different easy axes, CsMn1−xCoxCl32H2O have been investigated. Characteristic features were observed in the magnetic torque measurement on samples with 0.04<x<0.07, which confirm the existence of an “oblique-antiferromagnetic” phase. The temperature and composition dependences of the tilting angle of the sublattice magnetizations are obtained.
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  • Fumitaka Matsubara
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 81-89
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A theory for obtaining the dynamic susceptibility χ(ω, H) of random magnets is developed by using distribution functions and applied to analyses of the antiferromagnetic resonance of dilute magnets and mixtures of two magnetic ions. It is shown that χ″(ω, 0) of the dilute magnet with small anisotropy exhibits a single resonant peak which decreases in frequency with concentration of magnetic ions, while that with large anisotropy exhibits some peaks which do not decrease in frequency but change their intensities with decreasing concentration. On the other hand, χ″(ω, 0) of the mixture generally exhibits two peaks with structure. Our results are found to be qualitatively in good agreement with recent experimental data for TxS1−xF2 and Rb2TxS1−xF4, where T=Mn or Co and S=Zn, Mg, Co or Ni.
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  • Kichizo Asai, Hisashi Sekizawa
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 90-98
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Magnetization measurements and 57Fe Mössbauer study of LaNi1−xFexO3 (0≤x≤0.2) were made. Temperature independent susceptibility of LaNiO3 increases with Fe substitution. At high temperatures, the increment of the susceptibility due to Fe, obeys the Curie-Weiss law, with μeff of 4 μB/Fe. At low temperatures, a small amount of remanent magnetization appears and the Mössbauer spectra show hyperfine magnetic splittings. The value of Hhf (\simeq400 kOe) extrapolated to 0 K and that of IS (\simeq0.34 mm/s) are considerably smaller than the typical ones for Fe3+ in octahedral sites in ionic oxides. The magnetically ordered phase at low temperatures seems to be a spin-glass or a mictomagnet in which Fe3+ moments are frozen, coupled by long range exchange interactions in addition to the nearest neighbor superexchange interactions.
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  • Muneki Hamashima, Yoshitami Ajiro
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 99-107
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    NMR in quasi-one-dimensional Ni2+ salts, CsNiF3 and TMNC is studied in an external field up to 35 kG in liq. He temperature range. The easy-plane-type (planar) anisotropy of these salts is confirmed from the measurements of the nuclear relaxation time as well as NMR shift. When H is applied in the easy plane, the spin fluctuations are strongly suppressed by a relatively low field, as evidenced by a saturated behavior of the hyperfine field and also by a rapid decrease of the transverse relaxation rate T2−1 varing as H−3⁄2. In a high field of this configuration the spin dynamics can be well described by spin-wave excitations characteristic to the planar ferromagnets. In contrast, for H⊥easy-plane, the systems behave paramagnetically and still show one-dimensional fluctuations, giving rise to a divergent behavior of T2−1 with decreasing temperature as T−1.
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  • Hiroshi Mollymoto, Mitsuhiro Motokawa, Muneyuki Date
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 108-114
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Transverse magnetization was measured on a single crystal of an Ising-like antiferromagnet CoCl2·2H2O at 1.3 K using the high sensitive pick up coil system under a pulsed magnetic field up to 400 kOe. The antiferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition was observed at 162±5 and 370±15 kOe along the transverse principal x- and y-axes, respectively. These results have been well interpreted with the effective Hamiltonian for the ground Kramers doublet, together with the mixing matrix elements between the ground and excited states. Technical details of the magnetization measurement are also reported.
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  • Kiyoichiro Motoya, Masakazu Nishi, Yuji Ito, Tadashi Mizoguchi
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 115-119
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Spin-wave excitations in an amorphous ferromagnetic metal Fe40Ni40P14B6 were measured by means of a pseudorandom spin modulated time of flight neutron scattering technique. A triple axis time of flight measurements were also made to check the energy resolution in the cross correlated time of flight spectrum. The observed spin-wave dispersion at room temperature is expressed by a quadratic dispersion law E=Δ+Dq2 with Δ=0.02±0.09 meV and D=102±8 meV Å2.
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  • Junzo Tanaka, Isamu Shindo, Masayuki Tsukioka
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 120-126
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Electron spin resonances of Cu2+ and Ni3+ in Mg2TiO4 grown by the travelling solvent float zone (TSFZ) method were measured at 4.2 K, 77 K and 297 K. Both impurity ions substitute the octahedral Mg2+ site and are subject to a tetragonal crystal field caused by the Jahn-Teller effect. The spin Hamiltonian parameters of Cu2+ whose ground state has an unpaired hole in dx2y2 are g⁄⁄=2.333, g=2.080, A⁄⁄=108×10−4 cm−1 and A=0 cm−1 and those of Ni3+ whose ground state has an unpaired electron in dz2 are g⁄⁄=2.048 and g=2.239.
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  • Taturu Yosida
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 127-135
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    The 19F- and 7Li-ENDOR measurements conclude that the Mn2+ ion doped in LiBaF3 crystal substitutes the Li+ ion which is surrounded by a fluorine octahedron. The hyperfine (hf) interaction parameters of the ligand fluorine (F1), second neighbour fluorine (F2) and lithium nuclei are obtained; the unpaired spin fraction on 2s orbital of F1 is fs=0.61% and that on 2p orbital of F1 is fσfπ=0.76%. Using the Li and F2 hf parameters the fractions fσ (1.55%) and fπ (0.81%) are separated by estimating the F1–Li and F1–F2 overlap integrals. The 55Mn hf parameter is also obtained using ENDOR technique.
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  • Shigeru Takatori, Keisuke Kimura, Yuichi Okuda, Kazuko Motizuki
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 136-138
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    The paramagnetic susceptibility of the powdered sample of Mn(CH3COO)24H2O has been measured and the results have been analyzed on the basis of the spin trimer model that we propose.
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  • Hitoshi Yamazaki, V. V. Zautkin, Yukio Morishige, Mamoru Chikamatsu
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 139-143
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    Parallel pumping of magnons in the two-dimensional ferromagnets K2CuF4 and (CH3NH3)2CuCl4 has been studied at a pumping frequency of 8.91 GHz and T=1.4 K. Both the real and the imaginary components of nonlinear susceptibility, χ′ and χ″, of the parallel-pumped magnons with wave number from 0 to the Brillouin-zone-boundary have been measured up to 25 dB in power beyond the threshold for spin-wave instability. The principal mechanism to limit the amplitude of the parallel-pumped magnons is attributed to the nonlinear damping due to an increase of the magnon interaction between the parallel-pumped magnons.
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  • Hideki Yoshizawa, Wakae Kozukue, Kinshiro Hirakawa
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 144-153
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    The magnetic excitation spectra in pseudo-one-dimensional planar ferromagnets CsFeCl3 and RbFeCl3 were observed using inelastic neutron scattering technique. The observed excitation spectruun of CsFeCl3 has a gap at the magnetic zone center, while that of RbFeCl3 has no gap with a feature of XY system. This prominent difference can be understood from the fact that they are singlet-ground-state systems. As RbFeCl3 has a 3D LRO due to an exchange induced moment, CsFeCl3 shows no sign of the LRO within the temperature region we measured. Moreover, from a viewpoint of the temperature dependence, it is noticeable that the excitation spectrum of RbFeCl3 shows the feature of XY system even in the paramagnetic phase. The one-dimensionality is evaluated to be about 0.05 for CsFeCl3 and 0.1 for RbFeCl3 showing that they have unexpectedly poor one-dimensionality.
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  • Kengo Adachi, Katsuhiko Ohkohchi
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 154-161
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    Making use of a single crystal of ferromagnetic CoS2, the resistivity, the transverse and longitudinal magnetoresistances and the Hall effect were measured in the temperature range from 4.2 K to 130 K under magnetic field strength up to 15.3 kOe. The ordinary and extraordinary Hall coefficients were determined. By assuming an electron correlation effect on the effective mass and the relaxation time for the majority and minority spin band electrons, the anomalies of resistivity and magnetoresistance were explained. The electron configuration having dγ1 was confirmed from the ordinary Hall coefficient. The extraordinary Hall coefficient resembles that of Fe. In appendix, determinations of the Curie point and the critical exponents of this crystal were shown.
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  • Kazuyoshi Takeda, Yukio Yoshino, Koh Matsumoto, Taiichiro Haseda
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 162-169
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    Strong one-dimensionality of the spin correlation in Cu(C6H5COO)2·3H2O has been revealed by the heat capacity measurements in the temperature region from 20 K down to 0.07 K. The ratio of the estimated Néel temperature TN(0) (<0.1 K) under the zero-external magnetic field to an interaction energy in the chain, kBTN(0)⁄2|J|S(S+1), is less than 0.7×10−2, where the exchange constant J has been determined as JkB=−9.5±0.5 K from the heat capacity measurements between 0.5 K and 2.5 K. This one-dimensionality is comparable with or better than that of TMMC. An anomalous increase of the heat capacity has been found below 1.5 K under the external field up to 12 kOe applied along the c-axis which is perpendicular to the spin preferential direction. This anomaly can be explained qualitatively by considering the crossover effects of spin-dimensionality from the isotropic Heisenberg to the XY symmetry which is induced by the external field.
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  • Masafumi Shimi6zu, Yoshitami Ajiro, Kei-ichi Koga, Hidetaro Abe
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 170-177
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    The ESR spectra of NiSnCl6·6H2O(NCS) and NiPtCl6·6H2O(NCP) are studied at temperatures between 83 mK and 4.2 K. Below 1 K, marked shifts from the resonance positions expected from a single-ion spin-Hamiltonian occur and can be quantitatively described by a calculation based on the temperature-dependent moment method as well as by an approach of collective excitations, taking into account a small antiferromagnetic exchange interaction among Ni2+ ions, 2J=−(0.55±0.15)×10−2 cm−1 for NCS and −(1.00±0.08)×10−2 cm−1 for NCP. Combined with the direct determination of an axial crystal field parameter D with positive sign, 0.447±0.004 cm−1 for NCS and 0.493±0.004 cm−1 for NCP, it is confirmed that the substances are such the singlet-ground-state magnets that the non-existence of long-range order can be expected under zero magnetic field even at 0 K, The linewidth and line shape are also examined at these temperatures.
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  • Hideo Hasegawa
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 178-188
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    The spin fluctuation theory of itinerant-electron magnetism is developed by using the static functional integral method combined with the single-site alloy analogy approximation. The theory is shown to provide an interpolating description of itinerant electron magnetism yielding good results in some important limits; in the weak interaction limit or T=0 K it reduces to the Hartree-Fock theory, and in the strong coupling limit for the half-filled band it reproduces the results of the molecular-field theory. With the use of the half-filled Bell shape band the temperature dependences of the average moment, the local moment, the susceptibility and the specific heat are calculated numerically for various values of the electron-electron interaction.
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  • Satoru Ohno, Shuzi Harada
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 189-193
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    The effect of localized d electrons in liquid Te has been examined. The change of electrical resistivity by addition of solute into liquid Te is positive for the “less than half” transition metal solutes and is negative for the “more than half” ones. The additional resistivity is sufficiently explained from the effects due to the s-d resonant scattering and the change of density of states at the Fermi level. This pattern of additional resistivities in the series of transition metal solutes agrees roughly with a sine function of the number of the localized d electrons.
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  • Tsuneaki Miyahara, Shigeru Sato, Takaaki Hanyu, Akito Kakizaki, Shigeo ...
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 194-201
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    The optical conductivities of K–Rb and K–Cs alloys have been measured at liquid nitrogen temperature using synchrotron radiation from a 0.4 GeV electron storage ring over the photon energy range from 10 to 30 eV. The spectra of the alloys have the profiles given by the proportional sums of the spectra of pure alkali metals and this feature suggests the localization of the excitation of outer-most p-shell electrons. The critical exponent of the Fermi edge singularity is altered by alloying. Its concentration-dependence is interpreted as indicating that the shape of spikes at the edge is affected not by the density of states but by the size of the core hole. The energy positions of the edge are shifted by alloying. The amount of the shift is dependent on the concentration and increases for increasing atomic number. This, along with the change in the exponent, may be ascribed to charge transfer effects due to alloying.
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  • Fumitake Itoh, Toshihisa Honda, Hajime Asano, Makoto Hirabayashi, Kenj ...
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 202-206
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    Directional Compton profiles for vanadium and vanadium-deuteride (VD0.68) single crystals have been measured. From comparison between the present experimental result and a theoretical band structure calculation by Wakoh et al., it is concluded that a part of electrons from deuterium fills the hole bands of V and the remaining electrons participate to form the bonding states between V and D.
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  • Yoshiro Suzuki, Shohei Wakita, Hirofumi Ohtani, Seiichi Tagawa, Masami ...
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 207-212
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    The growth times (τσg) of the σ emission intensity in RbBr and KI crystals have been obtained to be 10±10 ps and 5±5 ps, respectively, under irradiation of a pulsed electron beam with the pulse duration of about 18 ps near liquid helium temperature. τσg includes both the life time of the conduction electron and the relaxation time of electrons from the conduction band down to the 1Σu+u, 2sσg) state of the self trapped exciton. τσg is discussed in connection with the formation mechanism of the F-H center pair. The decay times (τσd) of the emission intensity in these crystals are 3.3±0.1 ns and 1.6±0.1 ns, respectively, in good agreement with those observed by using a pulsed proton beam with nsec pulse duration by Blair et al.
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  • Kiyosi Motida
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 213-217
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    Correlations are given between Szigeti charge and the hyperfine constants of the doped Mn2+ ion in the divalent metal compounds and of Cr+ ion in the alkali halides respectively. From the correlations it is concluded that the deviation of Szigeti charge from the formal charge Ze relates to covalency. On this conclusion a hypothesis is introduced that Szigeti charge represents substantially the static charge of the constituent ion.
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  • Kiyosi Motida
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 218-222
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    It is shown that the correlations between the Szigeti charge and the hyperfine constant of doped ions can be explained successfully on the assumptions adopted in a preceding paper (J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 49 (1980) 213), of which the principal one is that Szigeti charge represents substantially the static charge of the constituent ion.
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  • Hiroyasu Shimizu, Naoto Kokubo, Naohiko Yasuda, Sanji Fujimoto
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 223-229
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    Pressure-temperature phase diagrams of {N(CH3)4}2CoCl4 and {N(CH3)4}2ZnCl4 were studied by means of dielectric measurements in the temperature and pressure region of −180∼50°C and 0∼2.0 kbar. Phases of Co- and Zn-salts are classified in a single pressure-temperature phase diagram; phases I, II, III, IV, V, VI and VII in Co-salt coincide with phases I, II, III, VII (pressure-induced), IV, V and VI in Zn-salt, respectively, by considering that the applied pressure p=0 bar (=1 bar) onto Co-salt corresponds to the p=550 bar to Zn-salt. The pressure coefficients of IV–V and V–VI phase transition temperatures in Zn-salt have extremely large values of dTIV–V⁄dp=50±3°C/kbar and dTV–VI⁄dp=−54±3°C/kbar, respectively.
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  • Takeo Ishidate, Kuon Inoue, Yoshihiro Ishibashi
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 230-233
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    Brillouin scattering spectra and the thermal expansion of SnCl2·2H2O were experimentally studied over a temperature range covering the isomorphous transition at −55°C (Tc). The frequency shifts of the longitudinal phonon show an anomaly at the phase transition temperature for q⁄⁄[100], [001] and [101] but not for q⁄⁄[010]. The thermal expansions along the crystalline axes a*, b and c show discontinuity at Tc.
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  • Toru Ozaki
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 234-241
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    Complex dielectric constants of RbHSO4 along the ferroelectric c-axis were measured over the frequency range from 10 kHz to 9.50 GHz as functions of temperature. Monodispersive dielectric dispersion was observed around the Curie temperature, Tc=−8.56°C, with relaxation time τp expressed as τp=7.7×10−11⁄(TTc) s for T>Tc and τp=2.9×10−11⁄(TcT) s for T<Tc. Electro-mechanical clamping effects were found to contribute to τp in the ferroelectric phase.
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  • Michio Midorikawa, Kikuo Tsunoda, Yoshihiro Ishibashi
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 242-245
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    Several physical properties related to phase transitions in Na2CO3 crystal were experimentally studied. Ferroelasticity was confirmed above 200°C. The temperature dependence of birefringence was measured. Pressure dependence of transition temperatures were studied above room temperature. In addition, specific heat and electric capacity in low temperature region were measured, but no distinct anomalies associated with the reported lock-in transition could be found.
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  • Katsunori Mori, Kiyoo Sato
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 246-249
    Published: July 15, 1980
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    The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity of GdNi single crystal has been investigated in the temperature range 4.2–300 K. The Curie temperature Tc was 72±1 K. The resistivity was proportional to T2 below Tc with large coefficients 6.1×10−9 Ω·cm·K−2 for a-axis and 5.4×10−8 Ω·cm·K−2 for b-axis. The resistivity ρmag due to magnetic disorder for b-axis was about ten times larger than for a- and c-axes. This anisotropy was interpreted as the difference of the effective mass of conduction electrons. The magnetic exchange interaction Jeff was estimated as 0.07 eV on the basis of the localized magnetic model.
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  • Katsuma Yagasaki, Hironobu Fujii, Hiroshi Fujiwara, Tetsuhiko Okamoto
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 250-255
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The electrical resistivity and the Hall resistivity in polycrystalline specimens of RAg1−xInx have been measured from 4.2 K to room temperature and the paramagnetic region up to room temperature, respectively. The spin disorder resistivity at 0 K, ρm(0), takes a maximum near the boundary of the different magnetic structures in each compound system, and that above the Curie temperature, ρm(∞), increases with x in Gd system, while it takes a maximum around x=0.3 in Tb and Dy systems. The ordinary Hall coefficient, R0, is positive for all the compounds. On the other hand, the spontaneous Hall coefficient, Rs, is negative for all the compounds except GdAg and TbAg and its magnitude increases with x for x≥0.1 in all the systems. The results have been discussed on the basis of the localized spin model.
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  • Gendo Oomi
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 256-263
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The electrical resistivity of α-Ce was measured under high pressure up to 10 kbar and at temperatures down to 4.2 K. The coefficient of the T2-term in the electrical resistivity, which is related to the exchange enhancement factor, was obtained as a function of pressure, and complicated behavior of this term was found in the pressurizing and depressurizing processes at 77 K. From the experimental results the pressure dependences of the electronic specific heat constant γ and the magnetic susceptibility χ are calculated. The calculated result is found to be in agreement with the experimental values under high pressure.
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  • Satoru J. Miyake
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 264-270
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Longitudinal magnetoconductivity is calculated in a self-consistent t-matrix approximation in order to discuss the effect of multiple scattering. With the help of a generalized optical theorem, calculation of conductivity is reduced to an integral equation for the effective path. The equation is formally solved following the procedure of solving the Markov chain problem. In the quantum limit, the effect of collision broadening on longitudinal conductivity is shown negligible contrary to Dubinskaya’s conclusion.
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  • Kunihiko Iwasaki
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 271-278
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Internal friction of cold worked pure aluminum and its dilute alloys is measured as a function of temperature with a fully automatic inverted torsion pendulum. Both the Bordoni and the Hasiguti peaks in pure aluminum are suppressed by the addition of small amounts of solute elements. In place of them Hasiguti type solute peaks are observed in all the alloys investigated. These peaks are interpreted to be due to the interaction between dislocations and solute elements. The period of vibration measured simultaneously with internal friction is differentiated with respect to temperature and a new method to determine the activation energy with the use of it is proposed.
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  • Shinji Muramatsu
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 279-284
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The quadratic Jahn-Teller effect has been studied in the intermediate linear coupling region in the E-e system. Reduction factors, E-A separation and the zero-phonon intensity for ET transition have been calculated by diagonalizing the vibronic Hamiltonian including both the linear and the quadratic coupling. From comparison of these calculated results with experimental data on the GR1 band in diamond, values of vibronic parameters for the GR1 center have been extracted.
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  • Teruaki Minagawa
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 285-289
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    X-ray diffraction studies were made on layer structures in the quasi-binary system CuI–AgI and their structural changes were investigated by standing them at room temperature and by heating. The proportion of Cu to Ag in a crystal was determined by the atomic absorption method. The following facts were revealed. The CuxAg1−xI crystals have faulted 2H structures, which often coexist with long-period polytypes, in the composition range 0<x<0.025, the 4H structure in 0.025≤x≤0.034, the 4H structure immediately after growth in 0.061≤x≤0.092 and the 3R structure (the zincblende-type structure) in 0.148≤x≤0.277. The 4H structure in the range 0.061≤x≤0.092 changes to twins of the 3R at room temperature and this structural change occurs earlier with increasing x value. The 3R structure is stable at high temperatures below 146°C over the range x≥0.025. Reduced lattice parameters of the layer structures decrease with the increase of Cu concentration and the Cu ion is substituted for the Ag ion.
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  • Takashi Oshiyama
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 290-298
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The probabilities of scattering of planar channelling particles by electrons and thermal vibrations of atoms are derived. Using these probabilities, a Fokker-Planck equation to describe the behaviour of channelling particles in the transverse energy space is obtained. The decrease of the fraction of channelling particles with penetration depth, i.e., dechannelling, is calculated by solving the Fokker-Planck equation numerically. The results show good agreement with the experimental data of dechannelling of H+ ions in (110) channels of germanium and silicon. It is also demonstrated from numerical calculations that the ordinary diffusion equation can be approximated to the Fokker-Planck equation.
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  • Takeshi Watanabe, Hisao Ishizuka, Yoshio Kuramoto, Chuji Horie
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 299-303
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The EXAFS data of Ag K-absorption of superionic AgI obtained by Boyce et al. are analyzed in final-state momentum space to avoid occurrence of ambiguous artifacts frequently observed upon Fourier-transforming raw data into real space. For the analysis, the phase shift of X-ray excited photoelectrons is calculated theoretically by means of Hartree-Fock method. As a result of the analysis, it is concluded that the Ag ions in α-AgI locate at the d, h, and b sites with a ratio of occupation probabilities 7: 7: 1, respectively. The motion of Ag ions is strongly correlated with the vibration of anions and performs a jump-like diffusion among the 42 available sites.
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  • Yutaka Iwata, Nobumitsu Koyano, Iwao Shibuya
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 304-307
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Hydrogen atoms in ferroelectric phase of CsH2PO4 have been located from low temperature neutron diffraction experiment. Chains of hydrogen bonds extending to both the crystallographic b- and c-axes are confirmed. The hydrogen atom in a shorter O–H··O bond becomes ordered at low temperature phase with bond length O–H=1.02 A auad H··O=1.46 A. Structural change below Tc shows that the hydrogen ordering accompanies a slight rotation of PO4 tetrahedron about the one P–O bond.
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  • Yoshio Matsuura, Kuniya Fukuda
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 308-313
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The oscillatory structure of the He2 600 A emission continuum has been observed in He glow discharges using photon-counting technique, and new three peaks have been found in the wavelength region from 700 to 900 A. Comparison with calculations indicates that Sando’s potentials of A1Σu+ and X1Σg+ states reproduce the newly observed peaks very well. As for the ground state X1Σg+ potential, its validity has been confirmed in the energy range from 3 to 7 eV.
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  • Shuichi Kinoshita, Kuniko Hirata, Takashi Kushida
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 314-321
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman spectra have been measured in living cells of Chlorella vulgaris as well as in chloroform, toluene, benzene and β-carotene. Population in the vibrational state has been determined by taking account of resonance Raman effect. The result shows that this population is well explained by thermal distribution even in the case of living biological cells, contrary to recently reported observation of some population enhancement. Possible experimental artifacts are discussed.
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  • Masatada Ogasawara, Akinari Hirao, Hideyuki Ohkubo
    1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 322-326
    Published: July 15, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Supersonic outward flow and hydrodynamic perturbations are taken into account in the analysis of the magnetic field generating thermal instability. In the subcritical density region, where the instability is unstable, the stabilization by the supersonic plasma flow is efficient only in low density and low temperature plasma, except for the flow with large Mach number. The supercritical density region, where the instability is stable from Tidman and Shanny’s theory, becomes unstable due to the magnetic field arising from a perturbation of number density.
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