-
Hikonojo Orihara, Yoshihide Ishizaki, Hisashi Yamaguchi, Kazuo Iwatani
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
1-3
Published: July 15, 1980
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A systematic investigation has been made in order to study cross sections of the (p, t) reactions between ground states for the nucleus from
A=54 (
N=28) to
A=82 (
N=48) using a 52 MeV proton beam from the synchrocyclotron of INS.
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K. K. Gupta, S. K. Bhardwaj, D. K. Gupta
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
4-7
Published: July 15, 1980
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B(
E2) values for inter rotational band transitions in deformed doubly even nuclei have been extracted by employing upto date life time data. These known experimental
B(
E2) values are compared with the theoretical estimates of Davydov-Rostovsky and empirical relation (proposed by authors elsewhere).
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Yukio Okwamoto
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
8-14
Published: July 15, 1980
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The two-dimensional classical sine-Gordon system which contains a misfit parameter μ in one direction is investigated at a particular temperature. This model at that temperature is transformed into a one-dimensional free spinless Fermi system. The commensurate phase is stable when μ is smaller than the critical value μ
c. The fluctuating incommensurate state is realized when μ>μ
c. The mean misfit near the critical value μ
c behaves as (μ−μ
c)
1⁄2.
The Fourier transform of the correlation function is also calculated. In the incommensurate phase it has a delta-function and a logarithmically divergent term in addition to a broad peak. Its behavior can be understood in terms of the fluctuating discommensurations.
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Fumiaki Shibata
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
15-24
Published: July 15, 1980
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A rigorous quantum theory is developed on the nonlinear spin relaxation process. With the use of the phase space method, the quantum mechanical equation for a density matrix is mapped onto a
c-number space. A quasi-probability function is then expanded in terms of spherical harmonics. It is clarified that the nonlinear relaxation process is characterized by 2
J (
J being the magnitude of a spin) different relaxation times. For
J=1, time-evolutions of the first moment, fluctuation and probability function are exactly solved. An enhancement of the fluctuation is observed in the course of time development: This is similar to the phenomenon called “anomalous fluctuation” found in certain nonequilibrium systems.
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Ichiro Hatta, Hironobu Ikeda
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
25-27
Published: July 15, 1980
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Based on the present theoretical status of the phase transition of the 2d-Heisenberg system, we re-examined in the anisotropic 2d-Heisenberg system the crossing-over from the 2d-Ising to the 2d-Heisenberg class for the amplitude of the specific heat capacity and the coefficient of the inverse correlation length in terms of the weak universality. It is clarified that in the anisotropy region
Δ=0.002∼1 the system follows the strong universality. However, near
Δ=0 the system should follow the weak universality in connection with the characteristic behavior of the temperature dependence of the correlation length in the 2d-Heisenberg system.
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Yoshiro Kakehashi
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
28-37
Published: July 15, 1980
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A method to treat the pressure-volume relation in alloys on the basis of the virial theorem is proposed, and then the lattice parameter, the bulk modulus and the formation energy of the disordered 4d transition metal alloys are calculated. In this calculation, the s-d hybridization is neglected and the d band is treated in the single band off-diagonal C.P.A, the s band in the free electron like rigid band model. Assuming the charge neutrality condition at each site, it is found that the calculated lattice parameters, bulk moduli and formation energies of Nb–Zr alloy and Pd-base 4d transition metal alloys agree with the observed trends. Particularly, it is found that the negative deviation from the Vegard law is mainly due to the d part pressure. The origin of this attractive pressure lies in the gain of the Pd-site bond energy due to alloying.
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Sachio Watanabe
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
38-42
Published: July 15, 1980
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Investigation is made on excessive electrons in nonpolar fluids near critical points with two-time Green function technique. The calculated energy and mass of the electron are changed from those of the quasi-free electron by means of critical fluctuations in the fluids. This indicates that the electrons are in the state different from the quasi-free state under the influence of the critical fluctuations. The new state seems to be plaron state.
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Keisuke Ito, Yoshitsugu Oono, Hideki Yamazaki, Kazuyoshi Hirakawa
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
43-52
Published: July 15, 1980
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Great earthquakes (magnitude>7) apparently occur stochastically, but there is a possibility that the stochasticity is due to some deterministic mechanism; i.e., due to chaos. Detailed study of a simple earthquake model is given which shows a chaotic behavior. This is also the simplest model of coupled relaxation oscillators and has topologically the same structure as the Lorenz model.
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Yoshikazu Hayashi, Tatsuji Kato, Hideo Ogawa, Toshihiro Omodaka, Toshi ...
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
53-56
Published: July 15, 1980
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A method of constructing a point contact Josephson device with “ideal”
I-
V characteristics is described. Radio frequency (RF) outputs are detected with no intentionally applied external RF fields. Enhancements of output RF intensities occur at the gap and sub-gap voltages. Strong sharp peaks of RF outputs of approximately 10
−12 W are observed at lower voltage regions. Effects of thermal and shot noises are discussed in relation to the singularities of an
I-
V curve.
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Takao Kodama, Yukio Morii, Yoshiko Fujii, Minoru Kubota, Toyoichiro Sh ...
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
57-61
Published: July 15, 1980
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The thermal conductivity of liquid
3He has been measured at pressures 1.30, 10.0, 20.0 and 27.0 kg w/cm
2 and at temperatures from 300 mK down to 20 mK. For each pressure, the coefficients of thermal conductivity in the limit
T→0, and the finite-temperature corrections to the limiting low-temperature behavior of normal Fermi liquid were obtained. The results were compared with the Rice’s transport theory in nearly ferromagnetic Fermi liquid. Though qualitative agreement was obtained for the temperature dependence of the coefficients, the observed pressure dependence was stronger than that predicted by the theory.
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Yoshihide Kimishima
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
62-66
Published: July 15, 1980
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The temperature dependences of magnetic susceptibility and specific heat were measured for (CH
3NH
3)
2CuBr
4. The phase transition to the antiferromagnetically ordered state was observed at 15.8 K. From the angle and field dependence of magnetic susceptibility, it was revealed that the preferred axis for the spins was
c-axis in this compound. The origin of the anisotropy along
c-axis was discussed qualitatively.
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Mitsuho Tanimoto, Yasaburo Yokozawa
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
67-73
Published: July 15, 1980
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Shifts of ESR lines in impure two-dimensional magnets K
2Mn
cMg
1−cF
4 were investigated in X-band region at room temperature. The theory, which includes the terms arising from the two-dimensionality of spin distribution in the Kubo-Tomita theory, predicts the angular variation of sin
2 θ(1+9 sin
2 θ) cos 2φ or sin
2 θ(3 cos
2 θ−1) cos 2φ for the shifts according as all
q modes or only
q=0 mode in the dipolar interaction are concerned. Here, θ and φ are the polar and azimuthal angles, respectively, of the
c axis with respect to a coordinate system in which an external field is along the polar axis. The shifts observed in K
2Mn
0.43Mg
0.57F
4 were explained by taking account of the dominancy of the
q=0 mode and the effect of the long time tails in the spin correlation function in the impure system.
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Ikuo Yamamoto
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
74-80
Published: July 15, 1980
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Magnetic properties of a randomly mixed system with different easy axes, CsMn
1−xCo
xCl
32H
2O have been investigated. Characteristic features were observed in the magnetic torque measurement on samples with 0.04<
x<0.07, which confirm the existence of an “oblique-antiferromagnetic” phase. The temperature and composition dependences of the tilting angle of the sublattice magnetizations are obtained.
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Fumitaka Matsubara
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
81-89
Published: July 15, 1980
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A theory for obtaining the dynamic susceptibility χ(ω,
H) of random magnets is developed by using distribution functions and applied to analyses of the antiferromagnetic resonance of dilute magnets and mixtures of two magnetic ions. It is shown that χ″(ω, 0) of the dilute magnet with small anisotropy exhibits a single resonant peak which decreases in frequency with concentration of magnetic ions, while that with large anisotropy exhibits some peaks which do not decrease in frequency but change their intensities with decreasing concentration. On the other hand, χ″(ω, 0) of the mixture generally exhibits two peaks with structure. Our results are found to be qualitatively in good agreement with recent experimental data for
TxS1−xF
2 and Rb
2TxS1−xF
4, where
T=Mn or Co and
S=Zn, Mg, Co or Ni.
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Kichizo Asai, Hisashi Sekizawa
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
90-98
Published: July 15, 1980
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Magnetization measurements and
57Fe Mössbauer study of LaNi
1−xFe
xO
3 (0≤
x≤0.2) were made. Temperature independent susceptibility of LaNiO
3 increases with Fe substitution. At high temperatures, the increment of the susceptibility due to Fe, obeys the Curie-Weiss law, with μ
eff of 4 μ
B/Fe. At low temperatures, a small amount of remanent magnetization appears and the Mössbauer spectra show hyperfine magnetic splittings. The value of
Hhf (\simeq400 kOe) extrapolated to 0 K and that of
IS (\simeq0.34 mm/s) are considerably smaller than the typical ones for Fe
3+ in octahedral sites in ionic oxides. The magnetically ordered phase at low temperatures seems to be a spin-glass or a mictomagnet in which Fe
3+ moments are frozen, coupled by long range exchange interactions in addition to the nearest neighbor superexchange interactions.
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Muneki Hamashima, Yoshitami Ajiro
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
99-107
Published: July 15, 1980
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NMR in quasi-one-dimensional Ni
2+ salts, CsNiF
3 and TMNC is studied in an external field up to 35 kG in liq. He temperature range. The easy-plane-type (planar) anisotropy of these salts is confirmed from the measurements of the nuclear relaxation time as well as NMR shift. When
H is applied in the easy plane, the spin fluctuations are strongly suppressed by a relatively low field, as evidenced by a saturated behavior of the hyperfine field and also by a rapid decrease of the transverse relaxation rate
T2−1 varing as
H−3⁄2. In a high field of this configuration the spin dynamics can be well described by spin-wave excitations characteristic to the planar ferromagnets. In contrast, for
H⊥easy-plane, the systems behave paramagnetically and still show one-dimensional fluctuations, giving rise to a divergent behavior of
T2−1 with decreasing temperature as
T−1.
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Hiroshi Mollymoto, Mitsuhiro Motokawa, Muneyuki Date
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
108-114
Published: July 15, 1980
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Transverse magnetization was measured on a single crystal of an Ising-like antiferromagnet CoCl
2·2H
2O at 1.3 K using the high sensitive pick up coil system under a pulsed magnetic field up to 400 kOe. The antiferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition was observed at 162±5 and 370±15 kOe along the transverse principal
x- and
y-axes, respectively. These results have been well interpreted with the effective Hamiltonian for the ground Kramers doublet, together with the mixing matrix elements between the ground and excited states. Technical details of the magnetization measurement are also reported.
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Kiyoichiro Motoya, Masakazu Nishi, Yuji Ito, Tadashi Mizoguchi
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
115-119
Published: July 15, 1980
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Spin-wave excitations in an amorphous ferromagnetic metal Fe
40Ni
40P
14B
6 were measured by means of a pseudorandom spin modulated time of flight neutron scattering technique. A triple axis time of flight measurements were also made to check the energy resolution in the cross correlated time of flight spectrum. The observed spin-wave dispersion at room temperature is expressed by a quadratic dispersion law
E=
Δ+
Dq2 with
Δ=0.02±0.09 meV and
D=102±8 meV Å
2.
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Junzo Tanaka, Isamu Shindo, Masayuki Tsukioka
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
120-126
Published: July 15, 1980
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Electron spin resonances of Cu
2+ and Ni
3+ in Mg
2TiO
4 grown by the travelling solvent float zone (TSFZ) method were measured at 4.2 K, 77 K and 297 K. Both impurity ions substitute the octahedral Mg
2+ site and are subject to a tetragonal crystal field caused by the Jahn-Teller effect. The spin Hamiltonian parameters of Cu
2+ whose ground state has an unpaired hole in
dx2−y2 are
g⁄⁄=2.333,
g⊥=2.080,
A⁄⁄=108×10
−4 cm
−1 and
A⊥=0 cm
−1 and those of Ni
3+ whose ground state has an unpaired electron in
dz2 are
g⁄⁄=2.048 and
g⊥=2.239.
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Taturu Yosida
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
127-135
Published: July 15, 1980
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The
19F- and
7Li-
ENDOR measurements conclude that the Mn
2+ ion doped in LiBaF
3 crystal substitutes the Li
+ ion which is surrounded by a fluorine octahedron. The hyperfine (hf) interaction parameters of the ligand fluorine (F1), second neighbour fluorine (F2) and lithium nuclei are obtained; the unpaired spin fraction on 2
s orbital of F1 is
fs=0.61% and that on 2
p orbital of F1 is
fσ−
fπ=0.76%. Using the Li and F2 hf parameters the fractions
fσ (1.55%) and
fπ (0.81%) are separated by estimating the F1–Li and F1–F2 overlap integrals. The
55Mn hf parameter is also obtained using
ENDOR technique.
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Shigeru Takatori, Keisuke Kimura, Yuichi Okuda, Kazuko Motizuki
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
136-138
Published: July 15, 1980
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The paramagnetic susceptibility of the powdered sample of Mn(CH
3COO)
24H
2O has been measured and the results have been analyzed on the basis of the spin trimer model that we propose.
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Hitoshi Yamazaki, V. V. Zautkin, Yukio Morishige, Mamoru Chikamatsu
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
139-143
Published: July 15, 1980
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Parallel pumping of magnons in the two-dimensional ferromagnets K
2CuF
4 and (CH
3NH
3)
2CuCl
4 has been studied at a pumping frequency of 8.91 GHz and
T=1.4 K. Both the real and the imaginary components of nonlinear susceptibility, χ′ and χ″, of the parallel-pumped magnons with wave number from 0 to the Brillouin-zone-boundary have been measured up to 25 dB in power beyond the threshold for spin-wave instability. The principal mechanism to limit the amplitude of the parallel-pumped magnons is attributed to the nonlinear damping due to an increase of the magnon interaction between the parallel-pumped magnons.
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Hideki Yoshizawa, Wakae Kozukue, Kinshiro Hirakawa
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
144-153
Published: July 15, 1980
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The magnetic excitation spectra in pseudo-one-dimensional planar ferromagnets CsFeCl
3 and RbFeCl
3 were observed using inelastic neutron scattering technique. The observed excitation spectruun of CsFeCl
3 has a gap at the magnetic zone center, while that of RbFeCl
3 has no gap with a feature of XY system. This prominent difference can be understood from the fact that they are singlet-ground-state systems. As RbFeCl
3 has a 3D LRO due to an exchange induced moment, CsFeCl
3 shows no sign of the LRO within the temperature region we measured. Moreover, from a viewpoint of the temperature dependence, it is noticeable that the excitation spectrum of RbFeCl
3 shows the feature of XY system even in the paramagnetic phase. The one-dimensionality is evaluated to be about 0.05 for CsFeCl
3 and 0.1 for RbFeCl
3 showing that they have unexpectedly poor one-dimensionality.
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Kengo Adachi, Katsuhiko Ohkohchi
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
154-161
Published: July 15, 1980
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Making use of a single crystal of ferromagnetic CoS
2, the resistivity, the transverse and longitudinal magnetoresistances and the Hall effect were measured in the temperature range from 4.2 K to 130 K under magnetic field strength up to 15.3 kOe. The ordinary and extraordinary Hall coefficients were determined. By assuming an electron correlation effect on the effective mass and the relaxation time for the majority and minority spin band electrons, the anomalies of resistivity and magnetoresistance were explained. The electron configuration having dγ
1 was confirmed from the ordinary Hall coefficient. The extraordinary Hall coefficient resembles that of Fe. In appendix, determinations of the Curie point and the critical exponents of this crystal were shown.
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Kazuyoshi Takeda, Yukio Yoshino, Koh Matsumoto, Taiichiro Haseda
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
162-169
Published: July 15, 1980
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Strong one-dimensionality of the spin correlation in Cu(C
6H
5COO)
2·3H
2O has been revealed by the heat capacity measurements in the temperature region from 20 K down to 0.07 K. The ratio of the estimated Néel temperature
TN(0) (<0.1 K) under the zero-external magnetic field to an interaction energy in the chain,
kBTN(0)⁄2|
J|
S(
S+1), is less than 0.7×10
−2, where the exchange constant
J has been determined as
J⁄
kB=−9.5±0.5 K from the heat capacity measurements between 0.5 K and 2.5 K. This one-dimensionality is comparable with or better than that of TMMC. An anomalous increase of the heat capacity has been found below 1.5 K under the external field up to 12 kOe applied along the
c-axis which is perpendicular to the spin preferential direction. This anomaly can be explained qualitatively by considering the crossover effects of spin-dimensionality from the isotropic Heisenberg to the
XY symmetry which is induced by the external field.
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Masafumi Shimi6zu, Yoshitami Ajiro, Kei-ichi Koga, Hidetaro Abe
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
170-177
Published: July 15, 1980
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The ESR spectra of NiSnCl
6·6H
2O(NCS) and NiPtCl
6·6H
2O(NCP) are studied at temperatures between 83 mK and 4.2 K. Below 1 K, marked shifts from the resonance positions expected from a single-ion spin-Hamiltonian occur and can be quantitatively described by a calculation based on the temperature-dependent moment method as well as by an approach of collective excitations, taking into account a small antiferromagnetic exchange interaction among Ni
2+ ions, 2
J=−(0.55±0.15)×10
−2 cm
−1 for NCS and −(1.00±0.08)×10
−2 cm
−1 for NCP. Combined with the direct determination of an axial crystal field parameter
D with positive sign, 0.447±0.004 cm
−1 for NCS and 0.493±0.004 cm
−1 for NCP, it is confirmed that the substances are such the singlet-ground-state magnets that the non-existence of long-range order can be expected under zero magnetic field even at 0 K, The linewidth and line shape are also examined at these temperatures.
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Hideo Hasegawa
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
178-188
Published: July 15, 1980
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The spin fluctuation theory of itinerant-electron magnetism is developed by using the static functional integral method combined with the single-site alloy analogy approximation. The theory is shown to provide an interpolating description of itinerant electron magnetism yielding good results in some important limits; in the weak interaction limit or
T=0 K it reduces to the Hartree-Fock theory, and in the strong coupling limit for the half-filled band it reproduces the results of the molecular-field theory. With the use of the half-filled Bell shape band the temperature dependences of the average moment, the local moment, the susceptibility and the specific heat are calculated numerically for various values of the electron-electron interaction.
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Satoru Ohno, Shuzi Harada
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
189-193
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The effect of localized d electrons in liquid Te has been examined. The change of electrical resistivity by addition of solute into liquid Te is positive for the “less than half” transition metal solutes and is negative for the “more than half” ones. The additional resistivity is sufficiently explained from the effects due to the s-d resonant scattering and the change of density of states at the Fermi level. This pattern of additional resistivities in the series of transition metal solutes agrees roughly with a sine function of the number of the localized d electrons.
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Tsuneaki Miyahara, Shigeru Sato, Takaaki Hanyu, Akito Kakizaki, Shigeo ...
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
194-201
Published: July 15, 1980
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The optical conductivities of K–Rb and K–Cs alloys have been measured at liquid nitrogen temperature using synchrotron radiation from a 0.4 GeV electron storage ring over the photon energy range from 10 to 30 eV. The spectra of the alloys have the profiles given by the proportional sums of the spectra of pure alkali metals and this feature suggests the localization of the excitation of outer-most
p-shell electrons. The critical exponent of the Fermi edge singularity is altered by alloying. Its concentration-dependence is interpreted as indicating that the shape of spikes at the edge is affected not by the density of states but by the size of the core hole. The energy positions of the edge are shifted by alloying. The amount of the shift is dependent on the concentration and increases for increasing atomic number. This, along with the change in the exponent, may be ascribed to charge transfer effects due to alloying.
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Fumitake Itoh, Toshihisa Honda, Hajime Asano, Makoto Hirabayashi, Kenj ...
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
202-206
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Directional Compton profiles for vanadium and vanadium-deuteride (VD
0.68) single crystals have been measured. From comparison between the present experimental result and a theoretical band structure calculation by Wakoh
et al., it is concluded that a part of electrons from deuterium fills the hole bands of V and the remaining electrons participate to form the bonding states between V and D.
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Yoshiro Suzuki, Shohei Wakita, Hirofumi Ohtani, Seiichi Tagawa, Masami ...
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
207-212
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The growth times (τ
σg) of the σ emission intensity in RbBr and KI crystals have been obtained to be 10±10 ps and 5±5 ps, respectively, under irradiation of a pulsed electron beam with the pulse duration of about 18 ps near liquid helium temperature. τ
σg includes both the life time of the conduction electron and the relaxation time of electrons from the conduction band down to the
1Σu+(σ
u, 2
sσ
g) state of the self trapped exciton. τ
σg is discussed in connection with the formation mechanism of the
F-
H center pair. The decay times (τ
σd) of the emission intensity in these crystals are 3.3±0.1 ns and 1.6±0.1 ns, respectively, in good agreement with those observed by using a pulsed proton beam with nsec pulse duration by Blair
et al.
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Kiyosi Motida
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
213-217
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Correlations are given between Szigeti charge and the hyperfine constants of the doped Mn
2+ ion in the divalent metal compounds and of Cr
+ ion in the alkali halides respectively. From the correlations it is concluded that the deviation of Szigeti charge from the formal charge
Ze relates to covalency. On this conclusion a hypothesis is introduced that Szigeti charge represents substantially the static charge of the constituent ion.
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Kiyosi Motida
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
218-222
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It is shown that the correlations between the Szigeti charge and the hyperfine constant of doped ions can be explained successfully on the assumptions adopted in a preceding paper (J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.,
49 (1980) 213), of which the principal one is that Szigeti charge represents substantially the static charge of the constituent ion.
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Hiroyasu Shimizu, Naoto Kokubo, Naohiko Yasuda, Sanji Fujimoto
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
223-229
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Pressure-temperature phase diagrams of {N(CH
3)
4}
2CoCl
4 and {N(CH
3)
4}
2ZnCl
4 were studied by means of dielectric measurements in the temperature and pressure region of −180∼50°C and 0∼2.0 kbar. Phases of Co- and Zn-salts are classified in a single pressure-temperature phase diagram; phases I, II, III, IV, V, VI and VII in Co-salt coincide with phases I, II, III, VII (pressure-induced), IV, V and VI in Zn-salt, respectively, by considering that the applied pressure
p=0 bar (=1 bar) onto Co-salt corresponds to the
p=550 bar to Zn-salt. The pressure coefficients of IV–V and V–VI phase transition temperatures in Zn-salt have extremely large values of d
TIV–V⁄d
p=50±3°C/kbar and d
TV–VI⁄d
p=−54±3°C/kbar, respectively.
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Takeo Ishidate, Kuon Inoue, Yoshihiro Ishibashi
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
230-233
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Brillouin scattering spectra and the thermal expansion of SnCl
2·2H
2O were experimentally studied over a temperature range covering the isomorphous transition at −55°C (
Tc). The frequency shifts of the longitudinal phonon show an anomaly at the phase transition temperature for
q⁄⁄[100], [001] and [101] but not for
q⁄⁄[010]. The thermal expansions along the crystalline axes
a*,
b and
c show discontinuity at
Tc.
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Toru Ozaki
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
234-241
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Complex dielectric constants of RbHSO
4 along the ferroelectric
c-axis were measured over the frequency range from 10 kHz to 9.50 GHz as functions of temperature. Monodispersive dielectric dispersion was observed around the Curie temperature,
Tc=−8.56°C, with relaxation time τ
p expressed as τ
p=7.7×10
−11⁄(
T−
Tc) s for
T>
Tc and τ
p=2.9×10
−11⁄(
Tc−
T) s for
T<
Tc. Electro-mechanical clamping effects were found to contribute to τ
p in the ferroelectric phase.
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Michio Midorikawa, Kikuo Tsunoda, Yoshihiro Ishibashi
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
242-245
Published: July 15, 1980
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Several physical properties related to phase transitions in Na
2CO
3 crystal were experimentally studied. Ferroelasticity was confirmed above 200°C. The temperature dependence of birefringence was measured. Pressure dependence of transition temperatures were studied above room temperature. In addition, specific heat and electric capacity in low temperature region were measured, but no distinct anomalies associated with the reported lock-in transition could be found.
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Katsunori Mori, Kiyoo Sato
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
246-249
Published: July 15, 1980
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The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity of GdNi single crystal has been investigated in the temperature range 4.2–300 K. The Curie temperature
Tc was 72±1 K. The resistivity was proportional to
T2 below
Tc with large coefficients 6.1×10
−9 Ω·cm·K
−2 for
a-axis and 5.4×10
−8 Ω·cm·K
−2 for
b-axis. The resistivity ρ
mag due to magnetic disorder for
b-axis was about ten times larger than for
a- and
c-axes. This anisotropy was interpreted as the difference of the effective mass of conduction electrons. The magnetic exchange interaction
Jeff was estimated as 0.07 eV on the basis of the localized magnetic model.
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Katsuma Yagasaki, Hironobu Fujii, Hiroshi Fujiwara, Tetsuhiko Okamoto
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
250-255
Published: July 15, 1980
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The electrical resistivity and the Hall resistivity in polycrystalline specimens of RAg
1−xIn
x have been measured from 4.2 K to room temperature and the paramagnetic region up to room temperature, respectively. The spin disorder resistivity at 0 K, ρ
m(0), takes a maximum near the boundary of the different magnetic structures in each compound system, and that above the Curie temperature, ρ
m(∞), increases with
x in Gd system, while it takes a maximum around
x=0.3 in Tb and Dy systems. The ordinary Hall coefficient,
R0, is positive for all the compounds. On the other hand, the spontaneous Hall coefficient,
Rs, is negative for all the compounds except GdAg and TbAg and its magnitude increases with
x for
x≥0.1 in all the systems. The results have been discussed on the basis of the localized spin model.
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Gendo Oomi
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
256-263
Published: July 15, 1980
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The electrical resistivity of α-Ce was measured under high pressure up to 10 kbar and at temperatures down to 4.2 K. The coefficient of the
T2-term in the electrical resistivity, which is related to the exchange enhancement factor, was obtained as a function of pressure, and complicated behavior of this term was found in the pressurizing and depressurizing processes at 77 K. From the experimental results the pressure dependences of the electronic specific heat constant γ and the magnetic susceptibility χ are calculated. The calculated result is found to be in agreement with the experimental values under high pressure.
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Satoru J. Miyake
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
264-270
Published: July 15, 1980
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Longitudinal magnetoconductivity is calculated in a self-consistent
t-matrix approximation in order to discuss the effect of multiple scattering. With the help of a generalized optical theorem, calculation of conductivity is reduced to an integral equation for the effective path. The equation is formally solved following the procedure of solving the Markov chain problem. In the quantum limit, the effect of collision broadening on longitudinal conductivity is shown negligible contrary to Dubinskaya’s conclusion.
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Kunihiko Iwasaki
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
271-278
Published: July 15, 1980
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Internal friction of cold worked pure aluminum and its dilute alloys is measured as a function of temperature with a fully automatic inverted torsion pendulum. Both the Bordoni and the Hasiguti peaks in pure aluminum are suppressed by the addition of small amounts of solute elements. In place of them Hasiguti type solute peaks are observed in all the alloys investigated. These peaks are interpreted to be due to the interaction between dislocations and solute elements. The period of vibration measured simultaneously with internal friction is differentiated with respect to temperature and a new method to determine the activation energy with the use of it is proposed.
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Shinji Muramatsu
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
279-284
Published: July 15, 1980
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The quadratic Jahn-Teller effect has been studied in the intermediate linear coupling region in the
E-
e system. Reduction factors,
E-
A separation and the zero-phonon intensity for
E→
T transition have been calculated by diagonalizing the vibronic Hamiltonian including both the linear and the quadratic coupling. From comparison of these calculated results with experimental data on the GR1 band in diamond, values of vibronic parameters for the GR1 center have been extracted.
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Teruaki Minagawa
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
285-289
Published: July 15, 1980
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X-ray diffraction studies were made on layer structures in the quasi-binary system CuI–AgI and their structural changes were investigated by standing them at room temperature and by heating. The proportion of Cu to Ag in a crystal was determined by the atomic absorption method. The following facts were revealed. The Cu
xAg
1−xI crystals have faulted 2
H structures, which often coexist with long-period polytypes, in the composition range 0<
x<0.025, the 4
H structure in 0.025≤
x≤0.034, the 4
H structure immediately after growth in 0.061≤
x≤0.092 and the 3
R structure (the zincblende-type structure) in 0.148≤
x≤0.277. The 4
H structure in the range 0.061≤
x≤0.092 changes to twins of the 3
R at room temperature and this structural change occurs earlier with increasing
x value. The 3
R structure is stable at high temperatures below 146°C over the range
x≥0.025. Reduced lattice parameters of the layer structures decrease with the increase of Cu concentration and the Cu ion is substituted for the Ag ion.
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Takashi Oshiyama
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
290-298
Published: July 15, 1980
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The probabilities of scattering of planar channelling particles by electrons and thermal vibrations of atoms are derived. Using these probabilities, a Fokker-Planck equation to describe the behaviour of channelling particles in the transverse energy space is obtained. The decrease of the fraction of channelling particles with penetration depth, i.e., dechannelling, is calculated by solving the Fokker-Planck equation numerically. The results show good agreement with the experimental data of dechannelling of H
+ ions in (110) channels of germanium and silicon. It is also demonstrated from numerical calculations that the ordinary diffusion equation can be approximated to the Fokker-Planck equation.
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Takeshi Watanabe, Hisao Ishizuka, Yoshio Kuramoto, Chuji Horie
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
299-303
Published: July 15, 1980
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The EXAFS data of Ag K-absorption of superionic AgI obtained by Boyce
et al. are analyzed in final-state momentum space to avoid occurrence of ambiguous artifacts frequently observed upon Fourier-transforming raw data into real space. For the analysis, the phase shift of X-ray excited photoelectrons is calculated theoretically by means of Hartree-Fock method. As a result of the analysis, it is concluded that the Ag ions in α-AgI locate at the d, h, and b sites with a ratio of occupation probabilities 7: 7: 1, respectively. The motion of Ag ions is strongly correlated with the vibration of anions and performs a jump-like diffusion among the 42 available sites.
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Yutaka Iwata, Nobumitsu Koyano, Iwao Shibuya
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
304-307
Published: July 15, 1980
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Hydrogen atoms in ferroelectric phase of CsH
2PO
4 have been located from low temperature neutron diffraction experiment. Chains of hydrogen bonds extending to both the crystallographic
b- and
c-axes are confirmed. The hydrogen atom in a shorter O–H··O bond becomes ordered at low temperature phase with bond length O–H=1.02 A auad H··O=1.46 A. Structural change below
Tc shows that the hydrogen ordering accompanies a slight rotation of PO
4 tetrahedron about the one P–O bond.
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Yoshio Matsuura, Kuniya Fukuda
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
308-313
Published: July 15, 1980
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The oscillatory structure of the He
2 600 A emission continuum has been observed in He glow discharges using photon-counting technique, and new three peaks have been found in the wavelength region from 700 to 900 A. Comparison with calculations indicates that Sando’s potentials of A
1Σu+ and X
1Σg+ states reproduce the newly observed peaks very well. As for the ground state X
1Σg+ potential, its validity has been confirmed in the energy range from 3 to 7 eV.
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Shuichi Kinoshita, Kuniko Hirata, Takashi Kushida
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
314-321
Published: July 15, 1980
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Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman spectra have been measured in living cells of
Chlorella vulgaris as well as in chloroform, toluene, benzene and β-carotene. Population in the vibrational state has been determined by taking account of resonance Raman effect. The result shows that this population is well explained by thermal distribution even in the case of living biological cells, contrary to recently reported observation of some population enhancement. Possible experimental artifacts are discussed.
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Masatada Ogasawara, Akinari Hirao, Hideyuki Ohkubo
1980 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
322-326
Published: July 15, 1980
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Supersonic outward flow and hydrodynamic perturbations are taken into account in the analysis of the magnetic field generating thermal instability. In the subcritical density region, where the instability is unstable, the stabilization by the supersonic plasma flow is efficient only in low density and low temperature plasma, except for the flow with large Mach number. The supercritical density region, where the instability is stable from Tidman and Shanny’s theory, becomes unstable due to the magnetic field arising from a perturbation of number density.
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