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Yoshitami Ajiro, Kimio Adachi, Tatsunosuke Sharyo
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
1-2
Published: January 15, 1981
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A consideration is given to understand the temperature dependence of spin cluster resonance intensity by simple extention of the Date and Motokawa model. The calculated result shows that the intensity increases sharply with increasing temperature, and decreases at higher temperatures after reaching a maximum at a certain temperature. The experimental check is mainly done by the measurements in a quasi-one-dimensional Ising ferromagnet, [(CH
3)
3NH]CoCl
3·2H
2O. The proposed model gives a good agreement with the observed behavior over the whole temperature range studied.
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Hideoki Kadomatsu, Toshihiko Tokunaga, Hiroshi Fujiwara
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
3-4
Published: January 15, 1981
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The magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy has been measured for Ni–Pt alloys containing 0∼50 at% Pt in the temperature range from 4.2 K to 300 K by the use of the torque method. At 4.2 K, anisotropy energy varies drastically accompanying a change in sign at about 5 at% Pt and shows a maximum at about 15 at% Pt, followed by the second change in sign at about 35 at% Pt. As temperature is raised, the change in sign is observed for 5 at% Pt alloy.
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Yasunori Tominaga, Hisako Urabe
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
5-6
Published: January 15, 1981
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The low-lying plateau response of the pure E(TO) Raman spectrum of the paraelectric KDP is well explained by a simple coupled oscillator model where the low-lying two TO phonon modes are linearly coupled with the highly damped O–H··O motions of the hydrogen bonds. The characteristic frequency of the O–H··O vibration is estimated at ω
0\simeq1320 cm
−1, and the damping constant is found to be
Γ0\simeq900 cm
−1 from fitting of the background of the high frequency Raman spectrum.
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Hirokazu Tanaka, Masaharu Tokunaga, Itaru Tatsuzaki
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
7-8
Published: January 15, 1981
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Light scattering spectra in KD
2PO
4 were observed just above the transition temperature with the HH-scattering geometry and the right angle scattering in the
ab-scattering plane. The linewidth of the broad central component depends upon the direction of the scattering wave vector
q and decreases as \hat
q approaches [100] or [010]. This \hat
q dependence is shown to be the first observation of the \hat
q dependent polarization relaxation time due to the piezoelectric coupling to acoustic waves.
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Yoshinori Takeuchi, Haruyasu Yamashita, Itaru Tatsuzaki
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
9-10
Published: January 15, 1981
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Temperature dependences of a spontaneous polarization of a solid solution TGSe
1−xDTGSe
x with deuterium concentration
x=0.57 were studied at several hydrostatic pressures. The coefficient of the fourth order term in the free energy expanded with the electric polarization were calculated. It was found that two tricritical points exist near about 2 kbar.
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Mitsuhiro Nambu
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
11-12
Published: January 15, 1981
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It is shown that the upconversion rate of ion sound to Langmuir waves dominates over the inverse bremsstrahlung damping of Langmuir waves.
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Tsuneo Amano, Masao Okamoto, Katsuhiro Shimizu
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
13-14
Published: January 15, 1981
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A simple model is established for the rising phase of sawtooth oscillation and internal disruption in order to simulate whole sawtooth oscillations in tokamaks by using a tokamak one dimensional transport code. The code including this model is applied to the DIVA low-q experiment. The period and amplitude of sawtooth oscillation are calculated and the comparison is made between the experiment and simulation.
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Kunihiko Watanabe
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
15-16
Published: January 15, 1981
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The equation of Hasegawa and Mima (the quasi-geostrophic equation) is reduced to a number of K-dV equations corresponding to eigen modes in the direction of the density gradient (the north-south direction). In this letter it is shown theoretically that two K-dV solitons, each of which is one soliton solution of the K-dV equation corresponding to each different eigen mode, preserve respective persistences in collisions, as do one-dimensional ones.
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Hideyuki Niimi, Motomu Minamiyama, Sotaro Hanai
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
17-18
Published: January 15, 1981
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An exact solution of the Navier-Stokes equation is given for a steady axisymmetrical stagnation-point flow of a viscous fluid impinging obliquely on a plane wall. The flow structure around the point of stagnation is examined.
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V. Vijayakumar, S. N. Vaidya, E. V. Sampathkumaran, L. C. Gupta, R. Vi ...
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
19-20
Published: January 15, 1981
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The thermoelectric power (TEP) of Sm
4Bi
3 and Yb
4Bi
3 has been measured as a function of pressure up to 60 kbar. In Sm
4Bi
3, TEP changes drastically at about 30 kbar and this change is attributed to the valence transition of samarium ions. No such transition occurs in Yb
4Bi
3 in the pressure range investigated.
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Yogiro Hama
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
21-23
Published: January 15, 1981
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It is shown that although rapidity and pseudo-rapidity are almost equivalent variables, their difference may in practice become quite remarkable. Non Lorentz invariance of pseudorapidity distributions may cause appearance of strange effects at first sight, such as deformation of a perfectly symmetric particle distribution into an asymmetric one when going to another frame.
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F. Fernandez, J. C. Nalda-Garcia
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
24-27
Published: January 15, 1981
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The experimentally observed structure in the p–
4He elastic scattering polarization around 30 MeV is discussed in the framework of the multichannel cluster model. It is shown that its main features can be interpreted as an enhancement of the coupling between the
4He–p and
3He–d channels due to the presence of the
4He
*–p structure.
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Yasuo Morimoto
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
28-30
Published: January 15, 1981
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A two terminal electrical circuit is constructed showing various types of I–V curves by changing a parameter, feedback resistance
RF, in the circuit. The I–V curve consists of low resistance, high resistance and differential negative resistance states. On the transition between these states a remarkable increase of current fluctuation is observed. A new type of phase transition phenomenon in the electrical circuit is suggested and its phase diagram is obtained.
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Yuichi Okuda, Hiroshi Nishikawa, Motohiro Matsuura
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
31-37
Published: January 15, 1981
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The complex susceptibilities of (CH
3)
3NHCoCl
3·2H
2O along the
a- and
c-axes, χ
a*(ω) and χ
c*(ω), are measured in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 100 MHz. These quantities reflect the dynamical features of the staggered and the uniform mode fluctuations along the easy (
c) axis, respectively, in this three-dimensionally antiferromagnetic system. χ
a*(ω) shows the Debye type dispersion above
TN. A dip in the χ
a*(ω)–
T curve is observed just at
TN at the frequencies above 2 MHz, indicating the critical slowing down of the staggered mode. The characteristic time constant τ
a diverges at
TN as ε
−Δ (ε=
T⁄
TN−1) with the critical index
Δ=1.20±0.05, which is the same as the index γ=1.21±0.05 of the static susceptibility χ
a. While, χ
c*(ω) shows the non-Debye type dispersion (Cole-Cole arc). The time constant τ
c increases as
TN is approached from high temperature side but it does not diverge at
TN.
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Teruo Matsushita, Kaoru Yamafuji
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
38-46
Published: January 15, 1981
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An expression of global pinning force density is derived by the use of a statistical method for superconductors with weak pins. It is shown that the threshold level for an appearance of a non-zero global pinning force density is always smaller than the elementary pinning force, which means that the threshold criterion never fails to be satisfied. The resultant pinning force density is proportional to both the pin density and a square of the elementary pinning force as recognized experimentally. A quantitative comparison is made between the present result and existing experimental data.
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Yasunori Kubo, Shoji Ishida, Junji Ishida
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
47-55
Published: January 15, 1981
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The dynamical spin susceptibility in the ferromagnetic Heusler alloy X
2MnY (Pd
2MnSn) is evaluated on the basis of the realistic band structure. The theoretical results of spin wave spectra of Pd
2MnSn are in good agreement with the experimental ones, as have been for Cu
2MnAl. The correlation between the spin densities of d-electrons of Mn is important to the spin waves with small and large
q in both Cu
2MnAl and Pd
2MnSn. In Pd
2MnSn the correlation between the spin density of d-electrons of Mn and that of conduction electrons is important for the spin waves with small and large
q, but in Cu
2MnAl this correlation decreases significantly for those with large
q. These different
q dependences of the spin-density correlation for Cu
2MnAl and Pd
2MnSn are consistent with the strong dependence on X atom of the magnetic interactions pointed out by Ishikawa
et al.
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Akio Sato
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
56-61
Published: January 15, 1981
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By means of an AC susceptibility method spin relaxation in MnFe
2O
4 has been studied. Non-exponential relaxation has been observed near
Tc in the paramagnetic region. The temperature dependence of relaxation time τ
m=χ′⁄(ωχ″), calculated assuming monodispersive relaxation, shows no special anomaly at
T=
Tc. These experimental results are analyzed within a framework of Nishikawa’s theory which takes into account nonlinear effect in spin relaxation process. The temperature dependence of the nonlinear parameter ξ, representing a measure of the strength of the nonlinearity, is obtained. The nonlinear parameter ξ increases as temperature approaches
Tc and has a maximum at
T=
Tc. It is found that the nonlinear effect masks the anomaly of the relaxation time at
T=
Tc.
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Hideyuki Akagi, Norikiyo Uryû
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
62-64
Published: January 15, 1981
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Magnetic susceptibility data on Cu(NH
3)
2CO
3 are analyzed by the effective field approximation in addition to a cluster approach. The layer structure of Cu(NH
3)
2CO
3 consists of carbonate bridged chains of copper (II) ions linked together into sheets by hydrogen bonding. The cluster model of three copper ions under the effective fields gives a nice fit with the experimental data with the intrachain exchange constant of −5.9 K and the interchain exchange constant of 5.5 K. The results are compared with those of the recent investigation by the cluster approach.
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Ken-ichi Yanai, Moriji Mizoguchi, Shuichi Iida
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
65-69
Published: January 15, 1981
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Temperature dependence of several resonance lines of magnetite was investigated from 4.2 K to 20 K. The frequency has no anomalous change between 4.2 K and 20 K within the accuracy of ∼0.05%. The intensities of the spin-echo signals and the widths of the resonance lines also have no abrupt change. Effects of annealing were also investigated. The resonance lines become narrower and the relaxation times become longer by annealing but the values of the resonance frequencies are unchanged.
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Takeo Jo, Hisazumi Akai
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
70-76
Published: January 15, 1981
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The magnetic properties of disordered Fe rich Fe–Al are investigated theoretically by using the coherent potential approximation (CPA) on the basis of the two different models. The self-consistent CPA calculation combined with the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method and the local spin density approximation is shown to reproduce the experimental result of the concentration dependence of the bulk magnetization only for low Al concentration region. The ferromagnetism-to-spin glass second order transition at the critical Al concentration is obtained by the calculation on the basis of the tight binding model in which Fe atoms with magnetic moment antiparallel to the bulk magnetization are distinguished from Fe atoms with parallel moments. The calculated spin susceptibility well reproduces the experimental result.
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Noriaki Hamada
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
77-82
Published: January 15, 1981
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An effective-medium (HF-cluster-CPA) theory by Miwa and the present author to study the local-environment effect in ferromagnetic transition-metal alloys is extended in a phenomenological way to treat an effect of s and p states in a certain group of alloys of transition metals with non-transition metals. The theory is applied to Ni–Cu alloys where, like Fe–V alloys discussed in a previous article, a local-environment effect is substantial; the HF-cluster-CPA improves a single-site HF-CPA even in the bulk magnetic property,
e.g., the spontaneous magnetization. An interpretation is also given to a qualitative difference in the property of the atomic magnetic moment between Ni in Ni–Cu and Fe in Fe–V.
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Kengo Adachi, Masaaki Matsui, Yuuji Omata
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
83-89
Published: January 15, 1981
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The Hall effect and the transverse magnetoresistance of Co(S
xSe
1−x)
2 for 0≤
x≤1 were observed in the field strength up to 90 kOe in the temperature ranges 4.2 K to 300 K. The ordinary and extraordinary Hall coefficients were determined. The negative ordinary coefficient gave about one electron in the dγ band for 0≤
x≤1. The extraordinary coefficient was positive in the metamagnetic and ferromagnetic states except for a negative coefficient of CoS
2. The magnetoresistance of the metamagnetic phase changed remarkably by a magnetic saturation. The increase of the resistivity in the magnetized state was about 60 μΩcm as compared with the non-magnetized state.
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Yorihiko Tsunoda, Yutaka Nakai
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
90-96
Published: January 15, 1981
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By means of Mn-rich γ-MnCu alloy single crystal, neutron diffuse scattering around (0 0 1) reciprocal lattice point and magnon scattering were studied. The contributions from three factors, atomic short range order, (0 0 1) elastic magnetic scattering and magnon scattering, are proposed as main origins of diffuse peak observed around (1 0 0) Bragg angle in the powder sample of γ-MnCu alloy. Twin domain formation at the Néel temperature was also studied by X-ray diffraction measurements.
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Atsuo Kasuya, Yuichiro Nishina
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
97-101
Published: January 15, 1981
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The spectral response for the two-photon photoelectric effect has been measured in a layer-type semiconductor, PbI
2, in the temperature range from 110 K to room temperature. A sharp rise in the photoelectric yield is observed at the photon energy corresponding to the 1s exciton level determined from the optical absorption spectrum. The increase in the photoelectric yield is explained in terms of the resonant two-photon process in which the 1s exciton level contributes as the intermediate state. The background photoelectric yield in the lower photon energy range is interpreted in terms of the interference between the bulk 1s exciton level and the continuous surface states.
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Kiyosi Motida
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
102-105
Published: January 15, 1981
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It is shown that there exist empirical relations between the elastic modulus
C44 of the NaCl type alkali halides and the Szigeti charge. By reason of these empirical relations it is concluded that the elastic modulus
C44 relates to covalency on the hypothesis that the Szigeti charge represents substantially the static charge (J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
49 (1980) 213, 218).
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Toshimichi Ito, Motohiro Iwami, Akio Hiraki
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
106-113
Published: January 15, 1981
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Low energy electron loss spectroscopy (ELS) was performed on tungsten dichalcogenides (WS
2 and WSe
2) by using incident electron energies of 30–360 eV. The ELS spectra in the second derivative form had considerable structures. Maxima in density of states in the conduction band of the compound were determined from the ELS data due to excitations from different filled states, including core levels, which were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The conduction band of the tungsten disulfide could be divided into two parts. The results are discussed in relation to previous proposals based on band calculations and experimental studies of group VIB dichalcogenides.
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Yutaka Shinba, Koichi Nakamura
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
114-120
Published: January 15, 1981
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Calculation of electron mobility due to surfon scattering at temperatures 1≤
T≤50 K and electron surface densities 10
12≤
Ns≤5×10
12 cm
−2 indicates, when compared with measurements by Kawaguchi and Kawaji, that the surfon scattering alone cannot explain the temperature dependent part which they extracted.
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Truong van Khiem, A. Nouailhat
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
121-126
Published: January 15, 1981
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The free exciton luminescence of KI is analysed in the polariton framework. The structure of the 0 L.O line and its L.O phonon replica can be explained by a spatial distribution effect, due to the fact that the polaritons are transformed into photons at the surface of the crystal with a probability function of their energy. The new very weak emission we detected at 6 eV is attributed to the upper branch polariton.
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Truong van Khiem, A. Nouailhat
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
127-128
Published: January 15, 1981
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The free exciton state is separated from the relaxed states by a potential barrier. The theoretical value of this barrier given by the Toyozawa’s model of the exciton lattice interaction is in good agreement with the experimental results.
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Hitoshi Nishimura
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
129-133
Published: January 15, 1981
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Second-order Raman scattering in alkali iodides has been studied at 5 K by using a usual deuterium discharge lamp and a single prism monochromator. The remarkable resonance enhancement of the scattering efficiency for 2-LO phonons has been observed in the edge region of the 1s exciton absorption band. From the comparison of the results with existing theory the dominant scattering process in this region is concluded to be successive scattering of the virtually created 1s exciton by two LO phonons.
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Tsuneyoshi Mita, Kaoru Sôtome, Masayasu Ueta
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
134-144
Published: January 15, 1981
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Line shapes of the luminescence, coexisting with the Raman scattering, of excitonic molecules (EM) have been studied in the case of the resonant excitation. The EM’s are resonantly created with wave vectors, such as
k=0,
k=2
k0 and
k=2.3∼12.2
k0 (
k0=4.44×10
5 cm
−1), by the two-photon excitation technique. By the use of model calculations based on the Gaussian distribution in the k-space, the EM’s are inferred to re-distribute anisotropically in the range |
k-2
k0|≤2.5
k0 and |
k|≤1.5
k0 for the excitation into
k=2
k0 and
k=0, respectively. EM’s created at large k re-distribute isotropically, and the emitted light is shown to be due to the hot luminescence during the cooling process.
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Yoshinori Tokura, Takao Koda, Izumi Hirabayashi, Satoshi Nakada
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
145-153
Published: January 15, 1981
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The surface exciton polariton (SEP) in cubic ZnSe is investigated by the attenuated total reflection (ATR) measurements. The experimental ATR spectra for the SEP are analyzed taking account of the spatial dispersion effect. Effect of the crystal surface layers on the SEP is investigated by the ATR spectroscopy including the electro-modulated ATR measurement.
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Minoru Sumita, Toshio Osaka, Yasuharu Makita
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
154-158
Published: January 15, 1981
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Dielectric and dilatometric properties of monoclinic RbD
2PO
4 have been studied. The crystal undergoes successive phase transitions accompanied with a large peak of the dielectric constant along the unique
b axis ε
b at 44°C (
TII), and a change in temperature gradient of ε
b−1 at 104°C (
TI) respectively. The phase below
TII is antiferroelectric or approximately antiferroelectric. The forced transition to a ferroelectric phase is observed below
TII as a double hysteresis loop. The critical electric field to cause the forced transition and spontaneous polarization of a sublattice are about 12 kV/cm and 1.8 μC/cm
2 at 30°C respectively.
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Kazuaki Tsuchida, Shigeo Imaizumi, Ryuji Abe, Ikuo Suzuki
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
159-162
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ESR spectra of Mn
2+ doped in the {N(CH
3)
4}
2CoCl
4 crystal were observed in the normal, incommensurate and commensurate phases. The
D tensor in the normal phase was determined from the angular dependence of the spectrum. It was concluded from the symmetry of the
D tensor that Mn
2+ ions were replaced at Co sites. Splitting and broadening of the lines were observed even in the incommensurate phase. The lines which corresponded to the commensurate structure were observed near the incommensurate-commensurate transition temperature in the incommensurate phase.
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Ryuji Abe, Takashi Matsuda
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
163-169
Published: January 15, 1981
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The microscopic theory proposed by Kurihara
et al. on the elastic anomalies of K
2Pt(CN)
4Br
0.3·3H
2O (KCP) was applied to the ferroelastic phase transition of LiNH
4C
4H
4O
6·H
2O (LAT). Replacing the role of the water molecule in KCP by that of the ammonium ion, the anomalous temperature dependence of the elastic constant
c55 in LAT above
Tc was well explained by the theory. The anomalies of the ultrasonic absorption α
55 and the specific heat near
Tc were also examined on the basis of the theory. It was found that these experimental results could be explained satisfactorily by choosing three parameters in the theory as
V\simeq50 K, λ\simeq1.9 and
c550\simeq10.6×10
10 dyn/cm
2.
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Masao Kamada, Kouichi Ichikawa, Kenjiro Tsutsumi
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
170-173
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X-ray photoelectron spectra of NaNO
2 and KNO
2 are investigated. The structure of the valence-electron spectra is compared with the molecular-orbital (MO) calculations of the NO
2− ion and the energy-band calculation of NaNO
2 crystal. The band picture may interpret the structure of the observed spectra better than the MO-scheme. The energies of the inner core lines are tabulated as well as those of the main peaks in the valence-electron spectra.
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Masaharu Tokunaga
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
174-183
Published: January 15, 1981
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Light scattering spectra are theoretically studied near the transition temperature in a polarization relaxational mode-acoustic phonon coupled system. It is algebraically shown that qualitatively different temperature dependences of the spectra are attributed to the difference of the magnitude of the parameter
z0 introduced by Levanyuk and Sobyanin; the parameter
z0 is proportional to the square of the coupling constant divided by the product of the relaxation time of an individual dipole and the cube of the frequency of the acoustic phonon. The temperature dependences of the spectra for several scattering geometries are numerically calculated in KH
2(1−x)D
2xPO
4 mixed crystals on the basis of available experimental data. The numerical results accord with the algebraic predictions and simulate well the observed spectra.
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Yuhji Tsujimi, Toshirou Yagi, Haruyasu Yamashita, Itaru Tatsuzaki
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
184-188
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The Brillouin spectra associated with the pure longitudinal acoustic mode (elastic stiffness c
22E) of rubidium hydrogen sulfate RbHSO
4 have been studied in the temperature range between −40° and +20°C. The frequency shift and the full width at half maximum of Brillouin satellites show the anomalous behavior near the transition temperature (
Tc=−8.76°C) and below. From the anomalous parts of them, the temperature dependence of the polarization relaxation time is evaluated within a phenomenological framework and is determined as (1.9±0.3)×10
−11⁄(
Tc−
T) sec in the ferroelectric phase.
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Eizo Otsuka
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
189-193
Published: January 15, 1981
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The pseudo-neutral nature of the impurity centre embedded in electron-hole liquid in a semiconductor is discussed from the viewpoint of electron scattering. Such a remarkable difference in the scattering cross-section by a factor of \gtrsim130 as observed between donor and acceptor within EHL in silicon is interpreted by the direct analogy with the isolated neutral impurity scattering model rather than by the simplified ionised centre model with proper screening.
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Junichi Kawamura, Mitsuo Shimoji, Hideoki Hoshino
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
194-200
Published: January 15, 1981
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The electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power of the superionic conductor Ag
3SBr were measured in the temperature range from 293 K to 493 K. Considerable deviations from the Arrhenius law was observed in the results of the ionic conductivity. The temperature dependence of the thermoelectric power of this system was found to be very different from that in other superionic conductors. The electrical conductivity measurements were also made down to 93 K; a discontinuous change was observed near 133 K, corresponding to the β-γ phase transition. A model theory of ionic conduction is proposed, in which characteristic features of the crystal structure are taken into account. The experimental results of this system appear to be interpreted qualitatively in terms of this model.
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Akiyoshi Hatayama, Masatada Ogasawara
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
201-208
Published: January 15, 1981
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Anomalous diffusion coefficient is evaluated by using result of the renormalized perturbation theory for the turbulent collision. Two cases are investigated for light impurity ions, one in the plateau regime and the other in the banana regime. Time evolution of the wave spectrum is solved numerically and the diffusion coefficient is determined, by taking the density gradient of impurity ions in the same direction as that of the bulk plasma. Even with a small concentration of the impurity the diffusion coefficient takes a smaller value for both regime cases.
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Yasunori Yanagisawa, Ryoitiro Huzimura
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
209-216
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Oxygen-surface interaction has been studied in an ultra high vacuum by means of thermal desorption mass spectrometry. ESR, emission of after glow and thermoluminescence. During the O
2 exposure of less than 10
4 L to UV-irradiated MgO powders, F
s+ centers were found to decay following two monomolecular stages and two types of O
2− centers were found to be formed. The activation energy of the first decay was found to be 0.04 eV. The luminescence was also found to be quenched by the adsorption of O
2. The chemisorbed O
2− molecules desorbed thermally with activation energies of 0.83 and 1.10 eV. Through the estimation of the order of kinetics and activation energies, the interaction of O
2 with F
s+ is discussed as a diffusion-limited process causing charge transfer on surfaces of MgO.
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Takeshi Baba, Kensuke Ikeda
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
217-224
Published: January 15, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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Macroscopic fluctuation of superradiance most sensitively appears as the fluctuation of the polarized photon number. This fluctuation is not much affected by unexpected variation of the exciting pulse area. In the superradiance limit the relative fluctuation of the polarized photon number is equal to \sqrt1⁄3, and it decreases rapidly as the atomic number density is reduced below a threshold density. Such a characteristic change is attributed to a transition from the superradiant emission to the amplified spontaneous emission.
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J. Hernandez A., F. J. Lopez, H. Murrieta S., J. Rubio O.
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
225-229
Published: January 15, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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The optical absorption, emission, and excitation spectra for the Eu
5+ ion in the alkali halides have been investigated at room temperature. It was found that the magnitude of the 10Dq splitting of the 4f
65d configuration into its t
2g and e
g components caused by the cubic crystalline field follows the spectrochemical series in which the ordering of the halides appears to be determined by the magnitude of the contact interactions. The emission spectrum of the quenched samples consists in all cases of only one band whose peak position moves to shorter wavelengths as the lattice parameter increases within a given series. The excitation spectrum correlates quite well with the optical absorption and shows that the e
g level decays to the t
2g from which the fluorescence originates.
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Seishiro Saikan
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
230-234
Published: January 15, 1981
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Directional anisotropy of the nonlinear polarization responsible for the backward four-wave mixing in gases has been theoretically investigated for Doppler broadened two-level and Raman type three-level systems. It has been found that definite separation of coherent and incoherent terms of the nonlinear polarization is possible via backward four-wave mixing and also that a single Lorentzian line shape is expected to be observed which enables us to unambiguously determine the relaxation rate of a dipole forbidden transition.
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Keiichiro Nasu, Yutaka Toyozawa
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
235-245
Published: January 15, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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The tunneling of the Wannier exciton from its metastable free state to the stable self-trapped state is described in the context of the multi-phonon nonradiative transition. The escape path through the adiabatic potential barrier is determined by a variational method: the tunneling is assumed to occur along a trial interaction mode, with its degree of localization being the variational parameter determined so as to maximize the rate of the tunneling. The rate is obtained as a function of the exciton band width, coupling constants and the Wannier radius, and the tunneling is found to be more probable than the radiative annihilation in a wide range of these parameters. The rate is also found to depend exponentially on the band width and the Wannier radius, in agreement with the experimental results in alkali iodides and rare gas solids.
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P. N. Koul, B. D. Padalia, M. N. Ghatikar
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
246-250
Published: January 15, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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K-absorption edge-shifts of cobalt in CoCl
2·6H
2O, CoSO
4·7H
2O, Co(NO
3)
2·6H
2O, Co(en)
3Cl
3, Co(en)
3(SO
4)
3 and Co(en)
3(NO
3)
3 in aqueous solutions as well as in polycrystalline form were measured using X-ray absorption spectroscopic technique. Effective charges on cobalt ions are estimated using Gianturco and Coulson method. Comparison of the general features of the absorption spectra in aqueous solution with those observed for the same ion in solid form reveals interesting results. An attempt is made to interpret the results in the light of the available chemical and physical data on these samples.
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S. K. Arora, K. L. Allawadhi, B. S. Sood
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
251-254
Published: January 15, 1981
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LIII subshell fluorescence yields in Pb, Th and U have been measured using photoionization for creating vacancies. The results have been compared with the available data and are found to agree with the recent measurements of Price made using K–L coincidence technique but higher than those of Stephenson made using fluorescent excitation of
LIII sub-shell.
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Yukio Nagahira, Kazunori Matsuki, Hideo Fukutome
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
255-260
Published: January 15, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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We studied visible and infrared spectra, in particular their temperature dependence, of Vitamine K
1 oil dissolving dihydrovitamine K
1. Vitamine K
1 and dihydrovitamine K
1 were found to form charge transfer complexes and hydrogen bonds in the mixture. A co-crystal of Dihydrovitamine K
1 and Vitamine K
1 with charge transfer interaction and hydrogen bonding was shown to grow in a narrow temperature range near −20°C.
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Tatsuo Ooi, Ken Nishikawa
1981 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages
261-269
Published: January 15, 1981
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Conformational energies of a small protein, BPTI, were computed in the phase space of dihedral angles, φs and ψs. Total energy contours were obtained on a two dimensional subspace (i.e., a plane) of the φψ phase space, plotting the total energies after minimizing with respect to side chain freedom, χs. The contours on the energy surface are smooth and of ellipsoidal shape having one lowest minimum in the middle. A good correlation, 0.99, was found between −
Δψ
i−1 and
Δφ
i along the .long axis of the ellipsoid in the φψ phase space. The conformational entropy originated from side chain freedoms could be estimated by harmonic approximation about the energy minima. The results show that a smooth energy surface does exist in the φψ phase space, allowing an internal motion of the molecule.
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