Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
Volume 51, Issue 10
Displaying 1-50 of 54 articles from this issue
  • Tetsuro Mashimo, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, Masatoshi Koshiba
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3067-3068
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    A search was made for heavy slow monopoles and quarks in the velocity range from 0.01 to 0.1 light velocity. The detector used is a scintillation counter hodoscope of S·Ω=1.1 m2sr and of depth 21 cm Pb plus 52 cm plastic scintillator in total. The absence of candidates during the run time of 3800 hours sets an upper limit, 90% confidence level, of 1.5×10−11 cm−2sr−1sec−1 for magnetic monopoles, 2e/3 quarks, and for e/3 quarks.
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  • Isao Harada, Kazuo Sasaki, Hiroyuki Shiba
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3069-3070
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    A soliton contribution to the low-temperature heat capacity of the linear antiferromagnet (CH3)4NMnCl3 (TMMC) in a high magnetic field is calculated by using the transfer integral method. Our model properly takes into account a switching of effective hard anisotropy axis, which is expected to occur at a high field (9∼10T) when the field is applied parallel to the easy plane. The present results are in quantitative agreement with the recent experimental data.
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  • Ikuya Matsubara, Katsunori Iio, Kazukiyo Nagata
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3071-3072
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    ESR investigation was carried out on the impure Ising linear-chain compound [(CH3)3NH]CoCl3·2H2O: Mn in the temperature range 1.8–300 K at 24 GHz. Only single lines with g=2 for Mn2+ are observed within the temperature range 10–80 K. Below about 10 K five lines corresponding to the fine structure of Mn2+ and two spin-cluster resonances for the Co2+ linear-chain system appear for orientations H⁄⁄c and H⁄⁄b, respectively. The anisotropy of the fine structure spectrum can be explained only by recognizing the canceling in the diagonal part of the Mn–Co interaction tensor.
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  • Toshiro Cey, Nobuhiko Kunitomi
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3073-3074
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    High field magnetic susceptibility for Cr–Fe alloy with Fe concentration from 5.0 to 29.9 at.% has been measured at 4.2 K by using a pulsed magnetic field up to 360 kOe. A round peak of high field magnetic susceptibility with respect to Fe concentration has been found centered at the ferro-antiferro critical composition (about 15 at.%). This result indicates the existence of a wide concentration region where the orientation of Fe moment is unstable.
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  • Minoru Tanaka
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3075-3076
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The self-diffusion constant D is calculated by the molecular dynamics method in rapidly quenched states of a model of liquid rubidium. The change of D during the rapid quenching process can be described by the Arrhenius formula above one third of the melting temperature, but shows an anomaly, some sort of glass-transition below that temperature. Thermal motions of atoms in the quenched states at lower temperatures seem to be the jumping through a very disordered solid.
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  • Jun-ichi Kasai, Kunio Fujiwara
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3077-3078
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    An experimental result has been obtained which indicates that, in a low-temperature NaCl-type-alkali-halide crystal, positronium atoms move coherently through the interstices between ions almost without experiencing the exchange forces from the electrons in the ion cores.
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  • Kiichiro Kagawa, Sadahiro Yokoi, Masuo Ishikane
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3079-3080
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Very intense emission has been found under the irradiation of N2 laser light from the surface of KI crystals which contain Ag+ ion with high concentration. The number of emission centers grows with time soon after the crystal is ground into powder at room temperature. Ag+ ions exsisting in the crystal surface play an important role in the formation of the emission centers. The emission band is usually centered at 427 nm with the half width as narrow as 0.05 eV at LNT. The emission decays very fast with a time at least less than 1 ns.
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  • S. C. Mishra, S. C. Gupta, R. C. Gupta
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3081-3082
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Wide line NMR investigation on solid 8-Hydroxyquinoline have been made over the temperature region 77–380 K. The crystal lattice was found to be effectively rigid at temperatures lower than 230 K and a width transition has been observd beween 230–300 K which has been attributed to the molecular reorientation and OH group rotation about C–O bond. No change in crystalline structure up to the melting point was observed. The activation energy for the motion in the transition region was obtained to be 10 kcal/mol approximately.
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  • Dipak Ghosh, Jaya Roy, Madhumita Basu, Anuradha Bhattacharyya, Sadhan ...
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3083-3086
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    This paper presents a study of ‘true’ multiparticle rapidity clustering in proton-emulsion interaction at 300 GeV/c using the generalized rapidity gap method. The observed rapidity gap distributions have been compared with those obtained by a Monte-Carlo simulation assuming uncorrelated particle production. A clear indication of cluster production was observed.
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  • T. J. L. McComb, K. E. Turver
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3087-3092
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Recent measurements have shown it is possible to obtain images of the development of the electron cascade in large extensive air showers through measurement of the time structure of the optical radiation. We here report the results of computer simulations which suggest that similar images may be obtained through the analysis of both the temporal and spatial characteristics of the low-energy muon component.
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  • C. W. Wang, G. C. Kiang, L. L. Kiang, G. C. Jon, E. K. Lin
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3093-3097
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The differential cross sections of α-7Li and α-12C elastic scattering have been measured at energies Eα=5 and 6 MeV. The results are interpreted by using real phase-shift analysis. It has shown that the real phase-shifts interpreted the α-12C scattering data very well at the energies investigated. The α-7Li scattering data are also fitted quite good by the real phase-shifts. The states at Ex=0.4776 MeV in 7Li and at Ex=4.439 MeV in 12C play little role in this experiment. For scattering angles θC.M.>150°, the results are found to show very prominent glory scattering and fit to the glory model very well.
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  • Hiromi Hirabayashi, Hirokazu Ikeda, Harumi Ishii, Kazuaki Katoh, Kenji ...
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3098-3101
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The cross section for the 27Al(p, 3pn)24Na reaction was measured at 12 GeV in order to establish the calibration method of intensity monitors of the 12 GeV primary proton beam at KEK. The measured cross section of 8.1±0.9 mb is consistent with other measurements performed in energy regions close to 12 GeV.
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  • Toshihico Arimitsu, Tetsuo Tominaga
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3102-3110
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A laser master equation is derived microscopically by using the time-convolution-less formulation of the damping theory up to the fourth-order terms with respect to the coupling constant between the laser field and the atoms, in order to investigate the quantum effect and the system size (number of the active atoms) dependence of the kinetic operator. The master equation is compared with the equation given by the time-convolution formalism which is essentially equal to the master equation derived by Haake.
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  • Keiichiro Nasu, Yutaka Toyozawa
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3111-3119
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The phase diagram for one-dimensional many-electron system with the electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions is studied within the RPA and in the adiabatic limit, so as to clarify the effect of the fluctuation on the phase diagram given by the mean field theory (MFT). The ground-state energy gain due to the virtual excitation of the bound and unbound electron-hole pairs is calculated. The newly obtained phase diagram is such that the SDW region erodes the CDW region given by the MFT. In the CDW, the lowest allowed excitation is a pair of charge transfer type excitons with the energy nearly equal to the gap, while in the SDW it is a pair of magnons just above the ground state. This difference results in the erosion, indicating that the comprehensive study of all excited states is essential in obtaining the ground state itself.
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  • Hajime Takayama, Gen Sato
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3120-3125
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    We study thermodynamical properties of the classical one-dimensional sine-Gordon system in finite temperatures comparable with and less than the soliton energy ES by means of the transfer integral method. Comparing its analytical solutions with its exact results obtained numerically, we show that the ideal soliton gas phenomenology breaks down at the temperature region around kBT\gtrsim0.2ES, above which the interaction between solitons plays an appreciable role even quantitatively.
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  • Koji Nemoto, Hiroshi Matsukawa, Hajime Takayama
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3126-3135
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    We study the Monte Carlo simulation on the two-dimensional ±J Ising spin glass aiming to clarify the relation between behavior of individual spins and spin clusters in each sample and common spin glass properties of the system. Particularly relaxation times of individual spins are evaluated and their temperature dependences are examined. Making use of data obtained, we discuss in detail spin-freezing process in this model for spin glass. One of our most interesting findings is that spin relaxation processes at temperatures T\gtrsim0.8J obey Fulcher’s law with T0\simeq0.5J, implying that the characteristic relaxation time of the system may diverge at T0.
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  • Fumio Komori, Shun-ichi Kobayashi, Wataru Sasaki
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3136-3141
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Systematic change was observed in the magnetic field dependence of conductivity for the Cu films, Cu–Ag films and Cu–Au films while the temperature dependence is commonly written as σ01 ln T. These features are discussed with theories of localization and the Coulomb interaction in two-dimensional disordered systems. It is shown that the magnetic field dependence is mainly due to the former effect with the spin-orbit interaction and that the temperature dependence is mainly due to the latter.
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  • Izuru Kimura, Toshihiro Idogaki
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3142-3148
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The powder paramagnetic susceptibility of Fe(HCOO)2·2H2O is analyzed on the basis of a two-kind-spin model, i.e. the Ising spin of one-half and the Heisenberg spin of two with the use of the values of parameters, such as the exchange constants and the anisotropy constants, obtained previously. The susceptibility due to the Ising spin is taken into consideration using the high-temperature series expansion result. On the other hand, the susceptibility due to the Heisenberg spin is calculated exactly. The interaction between two kinds of spins is taken into account by using the molecular field approximation. It is shown that the calculated result agrees well with the experimental data and the estimated exchange constants are found to be reasonable compared with those in other formates.
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  • Takanobu Suzuki, Hideaki Ido
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3149-3156
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The crystallographic parameters of compounds MnAs1−xPx (0≤x≤0.275) are determined as a function of temperature between about 100 and 600 K. It is found that these crystals except for MnAs take a MnP type structure in low temperature side and transform to a NiAs type at critical temperatures. These structural transitions are of second kind and accompanied with very large dilation (∼10%) of crystal volume. In order to see the relationship between the structural and magnetic properties, the temperature variation of magnetic susceptibilities of the compounds is also measured. Simple analysis of the experimental results, based on the Curie-Weiss law, reveals the way in which the spin value of Mn atoms and the exchange interaction between them depend on the crystal voluem (or lattice parameter).
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  • Hiroshi Mano
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3157-3165
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Effects of randomness on spin-wave excitations are investigated for a Heisenberg ferromagnet in which magnitudes of spins deviate randomly from the mean magnitude. The randomness reduces the spin-wave stiffness and makes the excitation spectra broad but the excitation energy determined from the position of the peak of the spectrum obeys a quadratic dispersion relation fairly well for long wavelengths. However, temperature dependence of the magnetization does not agree with that expected from this dispersion relation using the elementary spin-wave theory. The decrease of the magnetization is more marked. This disagreement is due to the finite line-widths of the spin-wave excitations. Present calculations provide an explanation for the discrepancy between the experimental results obtained by magnetization measurement and neutron scattering in many amorphous ferromagnets.
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  • Hideo Takeuchi, Masanori Arakawa, Hiroaki Aoki, Taturu Yosida, Kazumi ...
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3166-3172
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The EPR spectra of three kinds of Cr3+ centres in K2ZnF4 and K2MgF4 are reported. The Cr3+ ion in each centre replaces the divalent cation substitutionally. The centre I (tetragonal symmetry) is ascribed to a vacancy-free Cr3+ ion. In centre II (nearly-trigonal) a vacancy is present at the nearest K+ site and in centre III (nearly-tetragonal) at divalent cation site. For each centre the values of the parameters (g⁄⁄g) and D in the spin Hamiltonian are discussed by considering the effective negative charge distribution surrounding the Cr3+ ion. In the vacancy-associated centres the values of D are interpreted by superposition of two uniaxial spin-Hamiltonian terms. Results of 19F-ENDOR of K2MgF4: Cr3+ are also presented.
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  • Atsuko Ito, Setsu Morimoto, Yoshiko Someya, Yasuhiko Syono, Humihiko T ...
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3173-3182
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The physics of random mixtures with competing spin anisotropies is found to be much more complex than ever considered. According to our neutron scattering study of FexCo1−xTiO3, orderings of the orthogonal spin components S⁄⁄ and (Remark: Graphics omitted.) seem to be decoupled with each other though not complete; two antiferromagnetic (AF) phases and a mixed ordering phase appear on the concentration vs temperature phase diagram. However, according to our Mössbauer study, S⁄⁄ and (Remark: Graphics omitted.) seem to be closely coupled in the AF phases; the boundary between the AF and the mixed ordering phase is not found. This apparently contradictory result is interpreted as follows. In the (Remark: Graphics omitted.) ordered AF phase, orientational distribution of (Remark: Graphics omitted.) is such that it does not produce coherent scatterings of neutrons, but each (Remark: Graphics omitted.) stays statically at least in the time scale of the Larmor precession time τL of 57Fe.
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  • Yoshiro Kakehashi
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3183-3191
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The forced volume magnetostriction ∂ω⁄∂h and the electronic contribution to the bulk modulus Be in FeNi alloy are calculated with use of the Libemian-Pettifor virial theorem and the full single site approximation in the 2-field functional integral method in order to clarify the origin of the Invar effect. It is shown that the large ∂ω⁄∂h in the Invar region is caused by the large temperature variation of the derivative of ⟨mFe2⟩ (the amplitude of the Fe local moment) with respect to the field h, the softening of the bulk modulus by the increase of the volume change of ⟨mFe2⟩. It is found that the minimum in Be occurs below Tc because of the suppression of the temperature variation of ⟨mFe2⟩. The high-field susceptibility, the paramagnetic spin susceptibility and ∂Tc⁄∂P are also calculated.
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  • Ayao Okiji, Norio Kawakami
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3192-3196
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The induced magnetic moment and the magnetoresistance as a function of the applied magnetic field are calculated exactly for the Anderson Hamiltonian.
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  • Tadaoki Mitani, Kuniaki Koyama, Hideo Mori, Takao Koda, Ichiro Nakada
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3197-3205
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Polarized reflectivity spectra of (SN)x and brominated (SN)x crystals are measured in the photon energy region from 1 to 25 eV using the synchrotron radiation.
    The anisotropic dielectric constants of (SN)x obtained by the Kramers-Kronig analysis of the reflectivity spectra are compared with the theoretical curves calculated by Oshiyama and Kamimura on the self-consistent LCAO band model. It is concluded from the assignments of the structures that the higher conduction bands of (SN)x are predominantly of the one-dimensional character above the Fermi level. In the polarized reflectivity spectra of the brominated (SN)x additional structures are observed and are assigned to the transitions in Br3 ions aligned along the chain axis supporting the model proposed by Temkin et al.
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  • Atsuo Matsui, Kenichi Mizuno
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3206-3214
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The lineshape and the line-width of the 0–0 exciton absorption band associated with the transition 1B3u1A1g are investigated over the temperature range from 300 K to 126 K. The line-width changes linearly with temperature in the b-polarized 0–0 band (b-band), indicating that the exciton state in pyrene is described by a weak scattering scheme. The high-energy side of the b-band is found to have a Lorentzian lineshape which is also an indication of weak scattering. Contrary to the b-band, the high-energy side of the a-polarized 0–0 band (a-band), which is located above the b-band, has a Gaussian lineshape suggesting that excitons in this band are scattered to the lower b-band. The lineshape on the low-energy side of the a- and b-bands exhibit a tendency to be a Gaussian at low temperatures. The exciton-phonon coupling constant and the exciton band half-width are discussed.
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  • Tsuneya Ando
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3215-3218
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The Lindhard polarizability is calculated in a two-dimensional system in the self-consistent Born approximation by assuming short-range scatterers. The known singularity at q=2kF, where kF is the Fermi wave vector, is shown to be rounded off in the presence of impurities. The effect is similar to that of nonzero temperatures in contrast to the result of Nkoma [J. Phys. C 14 (1981) 1685].
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  • Akira Nakanishi, Takeo Matsubara
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3219-3227
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The optimized bond orbital model is proposed for III–VI compounds and applied to calculate the ionicity, perpendicular transverse effective charge and equilibrium angle between cation-cation-anion bonds for three III–VI compounds GaS, GaSe and InSe.
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  • Satoshi Yamazaki, Takenari Goto
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3228-3235
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The luminescence spectrum of PbI2 is measured in the excitation below the fundamental absorption edge at low temperatures. Phonon-assisted luminescence bands appear on the Stokes side of the excitation energy and these are considered to be associated with the recombination of a donor-acceptor pair accompanied with the emission of optical and acoustic phonons. Also on the anti-Stokes side, strong luminescence bands are observed. It is led to the conclusion that these anti-Stokes luminescences originate from the radiative recombination between an acceptor hole generated by light and an electron of a donor shallower than that neutralized by light.
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  • Ken Sekimoto, Koji Yoshimitsu, Takeo Matsubara
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3236-3241
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    It has been reported that in KDP crystals with very high tan δ=ε″⁄ε′ the coersive field shows anomalous behavior at a certain temperature range around T0 which depends on the switching frequency. We suggest in this paper that this frequency dependence of T0 is due to dynamical effect of defects present in such a crystal. We discuss two types of the dynamical defects in detail, and the activation energy of such defects is estimated to be about 2400 K.
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  • Kenji Uchino, Shoichiro Nomura, L. E. Cross
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3242-3244
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    A significant temperature dependence of the electrostrictive coefficients of K(Ta0.55Nb0.45)O3 has been observed in a narrow temperature range above the ferroelectric Cuire point (TTC<30°C). The reciprocal permittivity versus temperature relation deviates from the Curie-Weiss law in the same temperature range. A simple model is proposed based on the polarization critical-fluctuation.
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  • Mitsuo Wada, Hiroyasu Shichi, Akikatsu Sawada, Yoshihiro Ishibashi
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3245-3249
    Published: October 15, 1982
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    The incommensurate phase transition of K2SeO4 was studied under various uniaxial compressive stresses. The frequency and damping constant of the amplitude mode were measured by means of the Raman scattering as functions of applied stress X3 at various temperatures. These results were analyzed by use of the Landau-type free-energy written in terms of the order parameter Q and strain component u3. The stress dependence of the amplitude mode frequency obeys well the relation νamp=A[X30(T)−X3]1⁄2, where X30(T) is the transition stress at a temperature T. The normal-incommensurate phase transition point T2 decreases linearly with the increase of X3 (dT2⁄dX3=−16 K/kbar).
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  • Kenkichi Okada, Ikuo Suzuki
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3250-3257
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    As the generalized Landau expression, the star catastrophe potential was investigated. The potential contains four control variables and a behavior variable, which are related to four field variables and one order parameter in physical systems by diffeomorphisms. The phase diagram, structure of critical spaces and coexistence spaces, in four-dimensional space were obtained. New types of singularity named critical coexistence space appear in this potential, which has been introduced by Griffiths as critical end point. In a certain range of the control variables, the triple hysteresis loop was found for this potential with one order parameter.
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  • Ryumyo Onaka, Takashi Takeda
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3258-3261
    Published: October 15, 1982
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    The temperature dependence of the refractive indices of ADP is studied for four mercury lines from 365.0 nm to 546.1 nm. The dependence is found to be much larger for the ordinary rays than for the extraordinary rays. The experimental results are compared with those for KDP, and are discussed from the point of view of the fundamental absorption bands.
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  • Yoshimasa Isawa, Kozo Hoshino, Hidetoshi Fukuyama
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3262-3273
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The temperature and the magnetic field dependences of resistivity of metallic n-InSb with carrier concentration, n, 1×1014 cm−3\lesssimn\lesssim9×1014 cm−3, have been analysed by taking into account both effects of localization and interaction. The present theory explains characteristic features of the resistivity in such metallic samples.
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  • Shinzou Kubota, Tetsuhiko Takahashi, Jian-zhi Ruan(Gen)
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3274-3277
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Average electron energy loss ⟨Δε⟩ per collision has been calculated in solid and liquid argon, krypton and xenon from published electron transport data. The general features of the energy loss are explained in terms of Schockley’s elastic sphere model on the mobility of hot electrons. Electron energy relaxation has been calculated by using ⟨Δε⟩ and momentum transfer cross sections measured by Shibamura et al.
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  • Kenji Hiruma, Giyuu Kido, Noboru Miura
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3278-3284
    Published: October 15, 1982
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    Shubnikov-de Haas effect was observed in Bi and Bi100−xSbx alloys (x is the atomic percentage of Sb) with x=0.1, 0.5 and 1.4 in pulsed high magnetic fields up to 45 T. It was found that the relative amplitude of quantum oscillation was greatly enhanced, by doping a small amount of Sb into pure Bi. An explanation is made for the enhancement of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation based upon the theory of the diffusion size effect, assuming that the bulk electron-hole recombination time is much smaller in Bi100−xSbx than in Bi.
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  • Toshihiko Dote, Masatoshi Shimada
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3285-3290
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    For a long time, it has been usually believed that the flow of charged particles in a quasi-neutral positive column was subject to the ambipolar diffusion in a higher pressure range. This viewpoint, however, is not always valid in all the conditions. Here such a problem has been discussed on the basis of the quasi-neutral theory of the positive column developed by the present authors. First the ambipolar diffusion coefficient has generally been examined with including the inelastic collision effects. Next it has been clarified that the flow got to deviate gradually from the ambipolar diffusion as the radial distance from the axis in the cylindrical positive column increased. Finally the characteristics of electron temperature in the positive column with the assumption of the ambipolar diffusion have been compared with the real solution of the above-mentioned theory.
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  • Ayao Okiji, Hideaki Kasai, Akio Kato
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3291-3295
    Published: October 15, 1982
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    The effect of the bulk property of the substrate on the hydrogen molecule chemisorption is investigated in terms of the Hubbard model within Hubbard’s second approximation. The binding energy and the bond order are calculated. It is found that a hydrogen molecule is more likely to chemisorb dissociatively on a transition-metal-like substrate than on a simple-metal-like substrate.
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  • Shinichi Takahashi, Shozo Kono, Hiroshi Sakurai, Takasi Sagawa
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3296-3301
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Ag M4N4,5N4,5 Auger electron diffraction and Ag 3d X-ray photoelectron diffraction from Ag(110) surface have been measured and interpreted kinematically. There is very good agreement between the experiment and the interpretation showing the applicability of the kinematical interpretation.
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  • Toshiaki Kakitani, Akinori Sarai, Hiroko Kakitani
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3302-3308
    Published: October 15, 1982
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    General formulas for the non-radiative transition rate by the non-adiabatic multiphonon relaxation mechanism were obtained for the purpose of calculating the photoisomerization rate in visual system. A feasible method for calculating the electronic matrix element was also proposed. We could show that the thermal equilibrium was attained in the excited state before the non-radiative transition occurs in rhodopsin. So, the above theory must be useful for the investigation of the molecular mechanism which enables to explain the very specific photochemistry of visual pigments. Numerical calculations are presented in the succeeding paper.
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  • Toshiaki Kakitani, Akinori Sarai, Hiroko Kakitani
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3309-3317
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A general theory of the non-adiabatic multiphonon relaxation rate, which was developed in the preceding paper, was applied to the photoisomerization of visual pigments. We estimated the free energy relation among rhodopsin, bathorhodopsin, common state and transition state of thermal isomerization. We calculated microscopic parameters such as a displacement of the normal coordinate due to the transition and electronic coupling matrix element. We investigated how the non-radiative transition rate varies with the free energy gap. We analyzed molecular mechanisms which made photoisomerization of visual pigments very rapid compared with that of other organic molecules. It was clarified that the matching condition which corresponds to the maximum Franck-Condon overlap is almost satisfied in visual systems and it is the main reason for the very rapid non-radiative transition.
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  • Sigeo Yomosa
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3318-3324
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    We have studied some dynamical properties of the protons in one-dimensional H-bonded system whose polarization field Hamiltonian is strongly anharmonic. We find solitary wave solutions. Kink and antikink solutions correspond to ionic Dt default (H3O+) and ionic Lt default (OH), respectively. Thus ionic defaults are described as solitary excitations in H-bonded systems.
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  • Akira Hitachi, Terence A. King
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3325-3331
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Chemi-ionization cross sections of Ar and N2 by He(23S) and excitation transfer cross sections from the first excited configuration of Ar to N2 have been measured by monitoring emissions from N2 at 600 K. Helium and argon atoms are excited by an electron beam of energy close to the energy of the level concerned and any contributions from higher excited states can be excluded. Cross sections obtained are 9.4+1.3−1.7, 7.9−0.7+1.2, 29−3+5 and 8.7−0.8+1.3 Å3 for He(23S)–Ar, He(23S)–N2, Ar(1P1)–N2 and Ar(3P)–N2, respectively. The values are larger than other measurements at room temperature and are consistent with an energy dependent cross section.
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  • Takashi Takahashi, Masae Sato, Shozo Kono, Fumio Tokunaga, Kentaro Mur ...
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3332-3336
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    X-ray photoelectron spectra were measured for the valence bands of 13-cis and all-trans fluorophenyl-retinals. A remarkable difference has been observed in the O 2s-derived portion of the valence band between the two forms. The experimental results were interpreted using the CNDO/S molecular orbital methods.
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  • Kazuo Takayanagi
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3337-3344
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Low-velocity collision between an ion and a nonpolar molecule with a large quadrupole moment is theoretically studied. The mathematical formulation is based on the expansion of the molecular rotational wave function in terms of the PRS (Perturbed Rotational States). A straight classical trajectory and a constant velocity are assumed for the relative motion of the colliding pair. A simple scaling law is derived for the cross section of the rotational excitation. The cross section for the hitting collision, where the colliding pair come into a close contact, is also calculated approximately for some lower states of the molecular rotation. Numerical calculations are given for the ion-CO2 collisions. Because of the scaling law, the results are applicable, at least approximately, to other system with an appreciable quadrupole interaction.
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  • Sanae-Inoue Itoh
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3345-3352
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A variational method to obtain the plasma confinement properties in magnetic fusion devices is proposed. The most probable steady state of an inhomogeneous plasma open to external sources is seeked out by using a non-equilibrium thermodynamical and statistical mechanical approach. As a thermodynamical potential to cause anomalous loss fluxes, an irreversible entropy production rate is used, which is associated with the dissipation due to low-frequency electromagnetic fluctuations in the presence of the pressure inhomogeneity. Its conditional minimum (extremum) state, with respect to the finite inhomogeneities of the plasma parameters and the distribution of the fluctuation spectrum, corresponds to the required steady state of a dissipative structure. An external source condition is included as a constraint which makes an effective change of the potential.
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  • M. Bashir Chaudhry, Tsuguhiro Watanabe, Kyoji Nishikawa
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3353-3360
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The effects of ambipolar static electric field on the electrostatic ion cyclotron waves in a sheet plasma of thickness of the order of the ion Larmor radius ρi have been studied numerically. The method is based on an integral equation in the wavenumber space derived from the Vlasov-Poisson system of equations and on the direct computation of the integral equation. The effect of ambipolar field for eigenfrequencies and eigenfunctions is studied systematically by varying the plasma thickness and the electron-to-ion temperature ratio. A strong negative ambipolar field seems to be effective for the penetration of r.f. field in sheet plasmas. The basic features for the case of the ideal sheet plasma, where the plasma thickness is equal to ρi, are explained by a physical model.
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  • Yuji Koshi, Masatada Ogasawara
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3361-3366
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Expressions of the anomalous diffusion coefficient due to the dissipative trapped ion instability (DTII) are derived for the cases with and without the effect of magnetic shear. Derivation is made by taking into account of the single mode saturation of the DTII previously obtained numerically. In the absence of the shear effect, the diffusion coefficient is proportional to νia2i is the effective collision frequency of the trapped ions and a is the minor radius of a torus) and is much larger than the neoclassical ion thermal conductivity. In the presence of the shear effect, the diffusion coefficient is much smaller than Kadomtsev and Pogutse’s value and is the same order of magnitude as the neoclassical ion thermal conductivity.
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  • Yuji Ishimori, Toyonori Munakata
    1982 Volume 51 Issue 10 Pages 3367-3374
    Published: October 15, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Discreteness effects on dynamics of a Sine-Gordon kink in a lattice system are studied with use of a perturbation formalism due to McLaughlin and Scott. It is shown from the zeroth order condition that a kink moves in a periodic (Peierls) potential field which causes wobbling or pinning of the kink. The first order correction for the kink consists of two part, that is, a dressing part and a radiation one. The dressed kink is steeper in shape than the continuum Sine-Gordon kink and the amplitude of the backward radiation is larger than that of the forward radiation. These results are in accord with existing simulational observation.
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