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Michio Ishikawa, Seiji Seki, Kohei Furuno, Yoshihiro Tagishi, Masayasu ...
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1327-1328
Published: May 15, 1982
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Newly measured tensor analyzing powers for d+α→p+n+α reaction are compared with existing results calculated by use of Faddeev theory. An urgent need of inclusion of the tensor force in the two-nucleon interaction is pointed out.
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Fumio Yoshida, Yukio Okwamoto, Tsuneyoshi Nakayama
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1329-1330
Published: May 15, 1982
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We have performed the molecular-dynamics calculations for the two-dimensional sine-Gordon lattice and obtained the internal energies and the time correlation functions of displacements. The experimental results at low temperatures are in good agreement with the analysis in terms of the self-consistent phonon approximation.
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Koh Wada, Takanori Tsukada, Takuma Ishikawa
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1331-1332
Published: May 15, 1982
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The Monte Carlo simulation has been made on a triangular Ising lattice with antiferromagnetic nearest neighbor and ferromagnetic next nearest neighbor interactions. It is conjectured that a thermodynamically stable antiferromagnetic state does not exist in this model.
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Yoshikazu Nishihara, Yuji Yamaguchi
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1333-1334
Published: May 15, 1982
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From the magnetization and Mössbauer measurement it was found that the magnetic state of intermetallic compound Hf
0.8Ta
0.2Fe
2 is ferromagnetic below 150 K and antiferromagnetic between 150 and 338 K. Above 150 K a phase transition from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic state is induced by an external magnetic field and the magnetization curve shows a hysteresis. The result is consistent with that of the recent theoretical study by Moriya and Usami on the coexistence of ferro- and antiferromagnetism in itinerant electron system.
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Koichi Kato, Shuichi Iida
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1335-1336
Published: May 15, 1982
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The existence of ferroelectricity in magnetite has been established by determining the
c-axis component of the spontaneous polarization at 4.2 K. The ferroelectric
D-
E hysteresis loop was observed by changing the applied electric field stepwise by 5 kV/cm at intervals of 10 s between −15 kV/cm and 15 kV/cm. It has been found that, at 4.2 K, the coercive field is extremely high and the electric leakage current is still prominent. The switching process of the polarization was observed at the
dc field of 20 kV/cm.
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Mineo Murata, Hiroyoshi Suematsu
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1337-1338
Published: May 15, 1982
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The stage (
N) and temperature dependences of the conduction electron spin resonance (CESR) have been investigated for rubidium and potassium graphite intercalation compounds. The CESR line width (
ΔH) has a minimum at
N=2 and increases with stage number for
N≥3. The temperature dependence of
ΔH for higher stage compounds of
N≥3 shows a remarkable increase at lower temperatures below 200 K. These features can not be understood by the ordinary theory, but they might be related to the electronic structure characteristic of higher stage compounds.
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Akira Nakanishi, Takeo Matsubara
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1339-1340
Published: May 15, 1982
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The electronic structures of layered compounds GaS, GaSe and InSe are considered on the basis of bond orbital model. Using the Harrison’s universal functional form for model parameters, we estimate the ionicity of these compounds.
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Hitoshi Nishimura, Atsuo Matsui, Motoaki Iemura
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1341-1342
Published: May 15, 1982
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A new luminescence band associated with the free exciton in α-perylene has been found out at room temperature. The energy separation between the free and the self trapped states is determined to be 650 cm
−1, which gives the exciton bandwidth of 2310 cm
−1. The interaction among translationally equivalent molecules is much smaller than that among inequivalent molecules. The character of the Y state is briefly discussed in connection with the adiabatic potential energy curve.
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Minoru Sumita, Toshio Osaka, Yasuharu Makita
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1343-1344
Published: May 15, 1982
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Dielectric constant along the
b axis of crystals in monoclinic Rb(D
1−xH
x)
2PO
4 system was measured in a temperature range from −190°C to 160°C. Phase diagram of the system obtained in a range between
x=0 and 0.8 shows a relatively large isotope effect on the III–II phase transition with a shift of its transition temperature to higher temperature for the decrease of
x, and a small isotope effect on the II–I phase transition but with a shift of its transition temperature to lower temperature for the decrease of
x.
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Asako Kawamori, Toshio Watanabe, Hiromu Kato
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1345-1346
Published: May 15, 1982
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g-value of Cu
2+ has been observed as a function of uniaxial stress parallel to the [001] axis. Its shift d
g=(3.0±0.5)×10
−5/Kg/cm
2 is proportional to the lattice compression and reflects a tetragonal order. The change in line width in each phase suggests the existence of a dynamical motion of Cu(NO
2)
6 coupled with Jahn Teller mode which averages an incommensurate tetragonal local order.
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Noriaki Okubo, Yoshihito Abe
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1347-1348
Published: May 15, 1982
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The
93Nb NQR has been investigated in one phase of NbBr
5 which was identified to be orthorhombic by the X-ray analysis. The resonance frequencies have been measured between 4.2 K and 423 K, its melting point. The coupling constant showed a positive temperature dependence up to melting point. The temperature dependence of the coupling constant is compared between NbBr
5 and NbCl
5 from the view point of π-bond character.
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Kiyokazu Iwahana, Katsushi Tara, Masahiro Hirata, Hiroshi Ohkura
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1349-1350
Published: May 15, 1982
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The temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation time,
T1*(
T), of the relaxed excited state (RES) of
F centers in KBr has been obtained from analysis of the temperature variation of the magnetic circular polarization (MCP) of luminescence,
ΔMCP(
T), under the magnetic field of 0.3
T. It was found that 1⁄
T1*(
T) obeys the Raman process (
T9-dependence) due to phonon modulation of a crystal field above 7 K. From the curve-fitting of
ΔMCP(
T), the proportionality constant
Fp between the para-magnetic component of the MCP and the spin polarization in the RES has been estimated to be |
Fp|<0.01.
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Nobunao Takeuchi, Keiichiro Sugita
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1351-1352
Published: May 15, 1982
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This letter describes the open ended device with a non-planar magnetic axis of which the torsional angle can be changed easily. It is shown experimentally that the after glow plasma decays exponentially in a longitudinal magnetic field and this decay time increases markedly at an appropirate torsional angle. A non-planar system looks like better than a planar one for a decay time in a weakly ionized plasma.
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Shunjiro Ikezawa, Masataka Tsuzuki, Susumu Takeda
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1353-1354
Published: May 15, 1982
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It is found that there are two optimum frequencies for the H.F. plugging of a mirro confined plasma. By observing the frequency shift caused by the capacitance externally added to the high frequency electrodes, the lower frequency is confirmed to be a series resonance. The higher frequency, which is not changed by the capacitance, can be explained by a parallel resonance due to the plasma resonance. Such capacitive coupling processes will the sufficient to explain the previously observed results which have been attributed to an ion cyclotron wave excited by the applied H.F. frequency voltage.
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Akira Sakurai
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1355-1356
Published: May 15, 1982
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Point source model of blast wave pheonomena has applications in many different fields and various attempts have been made to find the solution of the system of equations for the model. However, these are all approximate solutions and a more accurate approach is needed because of the basic nature of the model. The purpose of this letter is to write about the recent developements along this line, in which the existence of the solution has been shown.
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Tsuneo Emura, Isao Kita, Kaoru Takahashi, Chikara Fukunaga, Ryohsuke H ...
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1357-1367
Published: May 15, 1982
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A study of the reaction π
−p→π
−π
+n at 6 GeV/c incident momentum has been made using the prism plot analysis (PPA) to reject multineutral contaminations and to separate various reaction channels (ρ
0n,
f0n,
g0n, π
−Δ+, π
−(π
+n)
DD). We can improve separability of PPA by incorporating decay angular distributions of resonances. Cross sections, invariant mass distributions, and production and decay angular distributions are presented.
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D. P. Goyal
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1368-1371
Published: May 15, 1982
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The data on elastic scattering reaction K
−n→K
−n in the centre-of-mass energy range 1810 to 2080 MeV have been analysed. A partial wave analysis gives an estimate, 0.14±0.04 for the elasticity of the
Σ(1940).
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Yasushi Wada, Hidemi Ishiuchi
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1372-1379
Published: May 15, 1982
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In a one-dimensional sine-Gordon system, a propagating vibration with small amplitude collides with a kink to produce a translation of the kink, giving rise to its Brownian-like motion, since incoming vibrations are excited thermally. The diffusion constant of the kink is obtained, at low temperatures, using the fluctuation-dissipation theorem and the thermal average over the vibrations. It turns out to be one eighth as large as that obtained previously by Fesser. This reduction would be due to the fact that wave packets of the incident vibrations overlap each other. Assuming the validity of the Einstein relation, we use the result to calculate the low field conductivity of quasi-one-dimensional substances at low temperatures. The magnitudes of the observed conductivity prefactors are reproduced for TaS
3, but not for TTF–TCNQ and TSeF–TCNQ.
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Sadamichi Maekawa, Hidetoshi Fukuyama
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1380-1385
Published: May 15, 1982
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Effects of localization on two-dimensional superconductors have been investigated by taking into account quantum corrections to the theory of dirty superconductors in the order of (ε
Fτ
0)
−1 where ε
F and τ
0 are the Fermi energy and the relaxation time of an electron, respectively. The mean field superconducting transition temperature is seen to be reduced by localization. This is because the Coulomb repulsive interaction is enhanced and the density of states of electrons is depressed in dirty systems. Recent experiments by Kobayashi
et al. on granular films of tin are discussed in this context.
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Satoru Ohta, Seiji Kurosawa, Shuichiro Anzai
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1386-1393
Published: May 15, 1982
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Thermomagnetic properties of a solid solution between Cr
1−δTe (a metallic ferromagnetic compound) and V
1−δTe (a Pauli paramagnetic one) are investigated. The Curie temperature decreases with increasing
y, and disappears at a triple point (
y=0.79,
T=45 K). An extra magnetic phase is found beyond the triple point, which has the characteristics of spin glass or mictomagnetic states. At the transition temperature from the extra phase to the paramagnetic one, the χ vs
T curve shows a sharp cusp even in a high field (6.3 kOe), The Curie constant
CM(
y) and the Weiss one θ
p(
y) are determined by means of a high temperature extrapolation procedure. Obtained values of
CM(
y) indicate that the average magnetic moment per Cr atom is nearly constant over the whole range of
y. A deviation of θ
p(
y) from the linear dependence on
y is observed.
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Toshikazu Sato, Yoshihito Miyako
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1394-1400
Published: May 15, 1982
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The linear and nonlinear susceptibilities χ
0t, χ
1th0 and χ
2th02 of (Pd
0.9966Fe
0.0034)
0.95Mn
0.05 alloy, were measured around
Tc (8.0 K). The anomalous temperature dependence of χ
2th02 above and below
Tc is qualitatively explained by a simple molecular field theory and the field dependence of χ
2th02 below
Tc is well understood by the contribution of the ferromagnetic magnetization in magnetic domains. In the experiment, the susceptibility exponent, γ=1.8±0.2, and the gap parameter, 2
Δ=3.2±0.3, were obtained in an inhomogeneous ferromagnet (Pd
0.9966Fe
0.0034)
0.95Mn
0.05. The specific heat had a peak value at
Tc, but no anomaly was observed.
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Hiroshi Fujiwara, Hideoki Kadomatsu, Kiyokazu Tohma
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1401-1405
Published: May 15, 1982
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Shift of the Curie temperature
Tc (\simeq195 K) of Fe
2P single crystal has been measured in the presence of uniaxial stress. The stresses up to 80 bar were applied along the directions parallel and perpendicular to the
c-axis (
c⁄⁄ and
c⊥). The
Tc’s increased and decreased with increasing stress in the cases of
c⁄⁄ and
c⊥, respectively and the average values of d
Tc⁄d
p’s were: d
Tc⁄d
p⁄⁄=7.8×10
−3 deg/bar and d
Tc⁄d
p⊥=−6.4×10
−3 deg/bar. The effect of stress on the exchange interactions between Fe atoms is discussed in connection with the pressure-induced magnetic transition previously found under hydrostatic high pressures.
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Asako Kawamori, Yoshiro Akagi, Hideaki Chihara
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1406-1411
Published: May 15, 1982
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Temperature dependence of the proton spin-lattice relaxation time in powdered Würster’s blue perchlorate was measured between 56 and 300 K by using the 90°–τ–90° pulse NMR method at the frequencies 8.0, 12.0 and 23.4 MHz. In the paramagnetic state above the phase transition temperature of 190 K, the relaxation rate was independent of temperature and of frequency and could be explained by the hyperfine interaction modulated by an exchange interaction. Below
Tc the relaxation time increased with decreasing temperature and depended on frequency in accordance with BPP theory. The relaxation rate is proportional to the product of the triplet population and the effective exchange frequency both of which vary with temperature. Between 70 and 56 K, the relaxation rate is governed by paramagnetic impurities or monomer radicals.
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Jun Kondo, Tatsue Kinoshita
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1412-1414
Published: May 15, 1982
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We have treated the 1-D Heisenberg antiferromagnet in a mean-field theory, and determined a phase diagram showing the regions for the antiferromagnetic state, the spin-Peierls state and the paramagnetic state. When a spin-phonon coupling constant is greater than 1.08, the antiferromagnetic state is stable below a Néel temperature
TN=0.568
J⁄
kB. When it is less than 1.08, the spin-Peierls state is stable below a transition temperature
TP, which is higher than
TN and increases as the coupling constant decreases.
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Hidetaka Shigi, Yukito Tanabe
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1415-1419
Published: May 15, 1982
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Magnetic interaction between two π orbitals in D
∞h symmetry is discussed using an effective Hamiltonian set up mainly from symmetry consideration. The resonance effect between orbital structures π
a+π
b− and π
a−π
b+ is found most important in determining the ground state (
3Σg−) of the system. The obtained energy levels give a good description of the ground and lower excited states of the O
2 molecule, so that the magnetism of O
2 can be explained by the valence bond theory only with correct care of the orbital valence. It is also shown that the same resonance effect makes
1Σ+ state of the π–π
3 system (
e.g., CO molecule) most stable. The effective Hamiltonian for a
p-
p system with D
∞h symmetry is derived in a similar way. With
t2-
p isomorphism, the results reduce to the restricted form given recently by Drillon and Georges when several relations are assumed to hold among the parameters.
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Kazushige Machida
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1420-1427
Published: May 15, 1982
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Based on a simple anisotropic electron band model within the Hartree-Fock approximation the coexistence problem of the spin density wave and superconductivity is further investigated theoretically. It is demonstrated that (1) the energy gap structure is quite different from an ordinary superconductor in the coexistent region, and (2) non-magnetic impurities substantially alter the energy gap structure, giving rise to a bound state inside the energy gap and raise the superconducting transition temperature. Discussions on the electron tunneling experiment of (TMTSF)
2PF
6 under pressure are given.
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Kiyosi Motida
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1428-1430
Published: May 15, 1982
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For the alkaline earth oxides a correlation between
C44 and d
C44⁄d
P is shown to exist which is substantially the same as the corresponding one for the alkali halides in a previous paper (J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
50 (1981) 102). On the other hand, a relation between d
C11⁄d
P and d
C44⁄d
P is shown to differ qualitatively from that for the alkali halides. Discussion about origins of these correlations is given.
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Tyuzi Ohyama
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1431-1440
Published: May 15, 1982
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In this work we report on the first observation of the far-infrared laser (119–220 μm) magneto-optical absorption by the photoexcited electron system in GaAs up to the magnetic field of 50 kG over the temperature range of 1.7–4.2 K. The major absorption lines observed for various samples are the 1s→2p
+1 Zeeman transition and the cyclotron resonance of conduction electrons. It is found that both absorption line-widths are sensitive to impurity concentration and to conduction electron density. The magnitude of the electron-electron scattering and that of the electron-neutral impurity scattering under the quantum limit condition are thereby discussed.
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Shin-ichi Kondo, Hiroaki Matsumoto
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1441-1448
Published: May 15, 1982
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Optical constants of CdCl
2 and CdBr
2 at room and liquid helium temperatures have been determined in the region 4–11 eV for ordinary ray from reflection spectra of the cleaved surfaces. The structures near the optical gap in the optical conductivity spectra are interpreted in terms of the optical transitions occuring at the
Γ point in the Brillouin zone. The interpretation has been confirmed by the measurements of the polarization-dependent reflection spectra of the polished surfaces parallel to the
c axis. The structures in the deep interband energy region are related to the transitions at the
Z point on the basis of their polarization dependence.
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R. Ghosh, R. K. Datta
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1449-1452
Published: May 15, 1982
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Results of measurement of dielectric relaxation time and thermodynamical parameters at UHF range for some ketone molecules are discussed in the light of certain conclusions drawn from authors’ earlier studies. [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
50 (1981) 525].
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Haruyasu Yamashita, Itaru Tatsuzaki
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1453-1460
Published: May 15, 1982
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Brillouin scattering spectrum associated with the quasi-longitudinal acoustic phonon propagated along the
c axis of triglycine selenate has been observed in the pressure region up to 5.45 kbar. It was found from the pressure variation of the Brillouin shift frequency and width that the polarization relaxation time in the ferroelectric phase depends on pressure.
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Saburo Yokota, Yasuharu Makita, Yutaka Takagi
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1461-1468
Published: May 15, 1982
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Optical observation of twin structures, the measurement of lattice deformation and X-ray examinations of K
3H(SeO
4)
2 were carried out in a temperature range between 25°C and 130°C. It was found that K
3H(SeO
4)
2 undergoes the improper ferroelastic phase transition at 117°C (
Tc) and has spontaneous strains
e13=−5.1×10
−3 and (
e22−
e11)⁄2=4.8×10
−3 at room temperature. The crystal is monoclinic with the space group A2/
a below
Tc and trigonal with the space group R\bar3
m above
Tc. It was clarified by both observation and symmetry consideration that K
3H(SeO
4)
2 below
Tc indicates two types of domain boundaries and three kinds of orientations (or domains) which appear as a result of the phase transition. It is suggested that the phase transition may be caused by a soft mode with
k=(1⁄2)
g2.
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S. Acharyya, I. L. Saha, P. Acharyya, A. K. Das, S. K Datta
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1469-1475
Published: May 15, 1982
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The variation of the column calibration factor
Fs due to temperature change has been used to estimate the temperature dependence of thermal diffusion factors α
T of isotopic gas mixtures with their natural isotopic abundances:
20Ne–
22Ne,
36Ar–
40Ar,
80Kr–
86Kr and
128Xe–
136Xe. Unlike method based on the column theory using molecular models of binary interactions, the values of α
T thus obtained agree with theoretical ones, implicating that the column calibration factor is an important parameter in column measurements to calculate α
T.
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Hisashi Oshima, Kiyoshi Kawamura, Takuro Tsuzuku, Ko Sugihara
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1476-1481
Published: May 15, 1982
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The Hall effect study of graphite at low magnetic fields below 1.2 kOe has been extended over the four kinds of well-defined specimens and the low temperature range down to 4.2 K. Behaviors of the Hall coefficient are qualitatively accounted for in connection with the structural perfection of specimens by considering the resonance condition of the cyclotron motion of various carriers. The zero-field coefficient of the best-grade specimen exhibits a temperature dependence nearly in agreement with the band-theoretical calculation taking into account the trigonally warped Fermi surfaces in Slonczewski-Weiss-McClure’s model, while those of somewhat less perfect ones are reproduced by ignoring the warping. The contribution of mobile minority holes and the warping effect are concluded to be superimposed with each other.
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Toshiya Ohtsuki
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1482-1492
Published: May 15, 1982
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A kinetic theory of diffusion of a single classical particle with a large frictional damping is developed in the presence of a random array of medium particles which behave as obstructions or traps. Starting from Langevin-type equations of motion, a formalism to calculate the frequency-dependent mobility μ
* and self diffusion coefficient
D* is constructed. Through a given radial distribution function, the distribution of medium particles is taken into account and many body effects due to interactions between diffusing and medium particles are considered on the basis of the superposition approximation for the three-particle distribution function. Model calculations are carried out for hard-sphere, soft-sphere and attractive Gaussian core systems and an important role of short-range order between medium particles is clarified. The frequency dependence of μ
* and
D* shows existence of the broad distribution of relaxation times in hard-sphere systems.
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Toshiya Ohtsuki
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1493-1503
Published: May 15, 1982
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A formalism developed in a preceding paper [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
51 (1982) 1482.] is extended and applied to a nonlinear response of a single classical particle diffusing in a random array of medium particles which behave as obstructions or traps. The expressions of the mobility in second and inverse-second order in the strength of the external force are derived on the basis of a given radial distribution function of medium particles. The mobility is calculated explicitly for hard-sphere and attractive Gaussian core systems and influence of short-range order between medium particles is revealed. For hard-sphere systems, the calculations show that the strong external force causes the capture of the diffusing particle in gaps formed by medium particles.
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Makoto Yao, Hirohisa Endo
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1504-1509
Published: May 15, 1982
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The thermoelectric power
S has been measured for expanded fluid Hg and dilute amalgams in the range of temperature and pressure up to 1700°C and 2100 bar. In the supercritical region
S for fluid Hg and dilute amalgams containing Bi and Cd change rapidly from large negative to large positive by raising temperature. Such an anomalous behaviour of
S can be attributed to the transition from the liquid semiconducting state to the plasma state in which the drift of the charged atoms plays an essential role in the conduction.
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Kin-ichi Masuda, Kenichi Kojima
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1510-1515
Published: May 15, 1982
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A tight-binding type electronic theory is used to calculate the core structure and core energy of both screw and 60° dislocations in Si. The repulsive interaction energies at short distances are simulated by a Born-Mayer potential. It is shown that the glide-set dissociated dislocations are more stable than the corresponding shuffle-set perfect dislocation. The calculated core structures and core energies are compared with those of previous theoretical calculations as well as with available experimental results.
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Nobuhiko Sakamoto
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1516-1519
Published: May 15, 1982
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The numerical solution of the Jahn-Teller problem for an electronic p-like state in cubic symmetry simultaneously coupled to
e and
t2 vibrational modes is presented in the case of intermediate coupling under the assumption of equal frequencies for both modes. The energy levels and Ham’s reduction factors are computed as a function of the ratio of strength of both Jahn-Teller couplings. The admixture coefficients between the ground state and the first excited states are calculated for the consideration of the effect of strains.
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Akio Yamada, Hirohito Fukutani, Shozo Nishimoto, Akira Misu
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1520-1527
Published: May 15, 1982
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Piezoreflectivity spectra of KBr were measured by using uniaxial stresses in the photon energy region where a reflection band made up of three structures at 8.2, 8.6 and 8.9 eV is observed. From the dichroism observed under trigonal distortions, it is concluded that the structures at 8.2 and 8.9 eV are the transitions at the
L point. The conclusion is different from those of Onodera
et al. who have assigned the structures to the transitions at the
X point. The trigonal deformation potentials of these structures at 8.2 and 8.9 eV are determined to be 0.32±0.12 eV and 0.58±0.06 eV, respectively, and tentative assignments of the initial and final states of the transitions are proposed.
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Michael Schreiber, Yutaka Toyozawa
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1528-1536
Published: May 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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A standardized formulation is introduced for the lineshape problem—the effect of lattice vibrations on the exciton absorption, and used in a Monte-Carlo calculation of the density of exciton states and the absorption spectra in the regime of weak scattering. For the direct edge, we obtain the asymmetric lineshape with a strongly decaying low-energy side while the high-energy side can be approximated by a life-time broadened Lorentzian. The linewidth is found to depend on temperature as
T2⁄3,
T1 and
T3⁄2 for one-, two-, and three-dimensional lattices in agreement with renormalized perturbation theory in one and two dimensions. The discrepancy of the perturbational result (
T2) in three dimensions is ascribed to the density of states which is most sensitive to disorder in this case. The shift of the absorption peak is found to be linear in
T for low
T, the origin of its sublinear behaviour for higher
T is clarified.
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Michael Schreiber, Yutaka Toyozawa
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1537-1543
Published: May 15, 1982
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We introduce the average oscillator strength per state (AOSPS) as the ratio of the exciton absorption lineshape and the density of exciton states at a given energy. The numerical investigation of the AOSPS spectra and their dependence on temperature and dimensionality shows contrasting behaviour on the two sides of the absorption peak. Unambiguously we can ascribe the high-energy side to indirect transitions and the low-energy tails to momentarily localized states with giant oscillator strength. The calculated spectra of the participation ratio lend further support to this viewpoint.
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Michael Schreiber, Yutaka Toyozawa
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1544-1550
Published: May 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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We analyze the low-energy tail of the exciton absorption spectra calculated numerically on the standard model of exciton-phonon interaction. The empirical Urbach rule is established in its exponential decay for several orders of magnitude with a decay constant proportional to inverse temperature
T−1 in two and three dimesnions and to
T−2⁄3 in one dimension. A posteriori, the exponential tail is unambiguously ascribed to the “momentarily localized” excitons by considering the behaviour of the average oscillator strength per state. We introduce the steepness index
s which relates the steepness coefficient σ and the exciton-phonon coupling constant
g through σ=
s⁄
g. Our calculated values of 1.24 for square and 1.50 for simple cubic lattices enable us to correlate experimental observations on Urbach behaviour and self-trapping consistently.
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Yoshinori Tokura, Tadaoki Mitani, Takao Koda
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1551-1557
Published: May 15, 1982
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Thermoreflectance spectra are measured for the vibronic bands of the lowest singlet exciton in anthracene at 10 K. Spectral features due to the 0–0 excitons, vibrons and the multi-particle band edges are interpreted in terms of a classical oscillator model. The characteristic profile of the two-particle absorption band associated with the 390 cm
−1 intramolecular vibration is compared with a model calculation by the dynamical coherent potential approximation model. It is concluded that the density of states curve for the exciton has a strong one-dimensional character near the lower band edge, but at higher energies it is of three-dimensional character having a large density of states near the upper edge.
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Takashi Matsuo, Nobuo Kobayashi, Yozaburo Kaneko
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1558-1565
Published: May 15, 1982
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Translational energies of secondary neutral atoms produced by the charge transfer reactions in collisions of argon ions Ar
+ and metastable argon ions Ar
+M with H
2. molecules have been measured by a time-of-flight technique at ten eV region. Two kinds of charge transfer processes were examined; reaction between ground state reactants Ar
++H
2→Ar+H
2+, and formation of metastable atoms Ar
M from metastable ions Ar
+M+H
2→Ar
M+H
2+. The ground state Ar atoms were predominantly scattered with little or no angular deflection and with little energy exchange, resulting the H
2+ in vibrational state
v′=1 for Ar
+(
2P
3⁄2) and
v′=2 for Ar
+(
2P
1⁄2). On the other hand, the Ar
M atoms were yielded with being deflected in relatively wide angle and releasing considerable amount of internal energy (≥1 eV).
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Hidenobu Hori, Masaharu Miki, Muneyuki Date
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1566-1570
Published: May 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Zeeman effect of the D-lines in sodium is investigated under a pulsed magnetic field up to about 500 kOe by using a two-layer magnet developed in the High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Osaka University. The obtained fine structure splitting under the field clearly reveals the Paschen-Back effect in the high field region in accord with the theory. The spectrum intensity is compared with the theory.
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Naoyuki Sasaki, Takeshi Kambara
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1571-1578
Published: May 15, 1982
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The pressure-induced spin state transition in Fe(III) compounds are studied on the basis of the ligand field theory by using the model in which the couplings of Fe ion with a molecular distrotion and a lattice strain are taken into account. The calculated pressure dependences are classified into three patterns: (i) The continuous and discontinuous transitions from the high-spin state (HS) to the low-spin state (LS) with increasing pressure; (ii) the continuous and discontinuous transition from LS to HS; (iii) the multiple transition LS→HS→LS→HS. The discontinuous transitions are induced by the occurence or the disappearance of the cooperative intramolecular distortion.
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Shunichi Kawanishi, Tsuneo Sasuga, Masaaki Takehisa
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1579-1583
Published: May 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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The spin-lattice relaxation times (
T1) of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (trans-DCE), cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE) and 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) at atmospheric pressure were measured in a temperature region of each melting point to room temperature. Temperature dependences of
T1 of cis-DCE and EDC were those of an ordinary and isotropic liquid, however,
T1-temperature curve of trans-DCE had a “jump” which indicates presence of a liquid-liquid phase transition at −16°C. The liquid state of trans-DCE was divided into two liquid states at this transition temperature as L
1 and L
2 corresponding to the high and low temperature states, respectively.
In the L
1 state, a rotational motion accounts for a large part of the molecular motion as same as other ordinary liquid. In contrast to L
1 the rotational motion is suppressed and the molecules move only translationally in the L
2 state.
The L
2 state is a mesomorphic state which lacks freedom of the molecular rotational motion and is similar to a nematic phase of liquid crystals in this point. A large molecular quadrupole moment of trans-DCE plays an important role in the ordered liquid state.
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Hatsuo Kimura, Masahito Hosino, Huzio Nakano
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1584-1590
Published: May 15, 1982
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A statistical theory of lyotropic cholesteric phase in the system of long coiled rod molecules is presented. Effects of molecular exclusion and of attractive intermolecular force are both taken into consideration. On the basis of the theoretical results, experiments on the cholesteric solutions of polypeptide are investigated, where use is made of the scaled particle theory on the fluid of hard rod molecules. It is thus found that the experimental dependences of cholesteric twisting power on temperature, concentration and molecular weight of the polymer and also the experimental curvature elasticity are explained satisfactorily.
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Hisao Ashida
1982 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1591-1596
Published: May 15, 1982
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Flux conserving equilibrium of a plasma with a helical magnetic axis is studied. The general equation of the pressure balance is obtained and discussed. The set of equations for the computation of the flux conserving equilibrium is also obtained and applied to the quasi-static equilibrium with increasing β in the case of the plasma with the helical magnetic axis.
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