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Kuniyuki Koyama, Norio Terata, Motohiro Matsuura
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2697-2698
Published: September 15, 1982
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The temperature dependences of subsystem susceptibilities in a sandwich type layer structure antiferromagnet, Mn(HCOO)
2·2D
2O are separately observed above
TN by proton NMR in the external fields along the special directions determined by the dipole sum tensors. The susceptibility χ
A of A subsystem, which consists of Mn ions in the antiferromagnetically coupled planes, shows a broad maximum around 7 K (∼2
TN). While χ
B, which is of the Mn ions mutually independent and sandwiched between the antiferromagnetic planes, follows the Curie’s law for
S=5⁄2 and
g=2.0.
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Hidenori Kubo, Yoshio Suzuki, Yoshihide Kimishima, Hironori Nishihara
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2699-2700
Published: September 15, 1982
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The spin structures in the magnetically ordered state are studied by Cu and Br NMR in the concentration region of 82%≤
x≤97%. From the NMR spectra in zero applied field, the compound of
x=82% is a ferromagnet with the moment direction parallel to the [110]-axis. In the region of 82%<
x\lesssim97%, the moment direction inclines from the [110]-axis to the [001]-axis. The existence of the “oblique phase” is concluded. The weak lines suggest some distributions of the moment direction.
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Nobuyoshi Hosoito, Kenji Kawaguchi, Teruya Shinjo, Toshio Takada
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2701-2702
Published: September 15, 1982
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By UHV deposition we have prepared an artificially periodic film consisting of monatomic Fe layers and a few atomic Sb layers. Mössbauer spectroscopy showed that Fe atoms in the monatomic sheet are carrying no magnetic moment.
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Kenji Shimizu
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2703-2704
Published: September 15, 1982
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The nuclear magnetic resonances of
159Tb,
163Dy and
167Er have been measured in magnetically ordered states of TbMn
2, DyMn
2 and ErMn
2 intermetallic compounds, and the values of magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole hyperfine parameters have been determined.
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Shigehumi Onodera, Yoshikazu Ishikawa, Masayuki Shiga, Ze Xianyu, Yoji ...
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2705-2706
Published: September 15, 1982
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The spin wave stiffness constant of a Laves phase invar compound (Zr
0.7Nb
0.3)Fe
2 at low temperatures was estimated to be 350±50 meVA
2 by inelastic neutron scattering experiment above room temperature. This value is significantly greater than the value (125 meVA
2) of the spin wave stiffness constant deduced from the magnetization measurement. Such a discrepancy has been found in all other Invar materials.
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Yoshio Kitaoka, Hiroshi Yasuoka, Shinji Ogawa
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2707-2708
Published: September 15, 1982
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From an analysis of the
61Ni NMR spectrum of a metallic compound NiS
1.4Se
0.6 observed in the antiferromagnetic state, the magnetic moment distribution of the Ni atoms has been studied. Although the Ni atoms having one or less S atoms in its nearest neighbor are essentially non magnetic, it is indicated that the magnetic moment has an inhomogeneous distribution depending on the configurations of the chalcogen atoms in the nearest neighbors. The average moment for all Ni atoms is estimated to be 0.7 μ
B, which is in good agreement with 0.6 μ
B obtained from neutron diffraction experiment.
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Katsuhiro Kohda, Nobuo Nakamura, Hideaki Chihara
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2709-2710
Published: September 15, 1982
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An anomalous decrease in the proton spin-lattice relaxation time was observed around 85 K in crystalline benzil. This anomaouls behavior was interpreted in terms of the critical slowing down of the molecular motion associated with the structural phase transition in the substance.
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Hiroshi Bando, Kokichi Oshima, Mitsuru Suzuki, Hayao Kobayashi, Gunzi ...
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2711-2712
Published: September 15, 1982
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Angular dependence of the transverse magnetoresistance in (TMTSF)
2ClO
4 was measured in
a-plane down to 0.47 K and
H up to 13 T. Two types of Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations were observed for the angle |θ| between
H and
c*-axis less than 60 degrees: One with period 0.015 cos θ T
−1, comparable to that found in (TMTSF)
2PF
6, and newly observed one with (0.0036 cos θ+0.0002) T
−1. If these correspond to electron- and hole Fermi surfaces respectively, they support the compensated as well as the quasi-two dimensional feature of this organic metal.
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Yuzo Mori, Ryo Hattori, Hiroshi Ohkura
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2713-2714
Published: September 15, 1982
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The secondary emission RSE emitted after resonant excitation of
F center in KCl has been measured over the whole Stokes range at 80 K. The degree of polarization
P defined for the RSE intensities parallel and perpendicular to resonant light polarization is measured over the same range. The spectrum of
P is divided into three successive regions; the depolarization range at the one-phonon Raman scattering, the near plateau range, and the depolarization range down to vanishing. The former two are found to depend on the resonant photon energy. The latter may be caused by the level crossing of 2
s- and 2
p-like electronic states during non-radiative process.
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Hisao Kobayashi, Nobuo Oda
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2715-2716
Published: September 15, 1982
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Relative emission yields of Balmer lines as functions of the dwell time (
tD=0.97–12.3 fs) in thin carbon foils are measured with beams of H
+, H
2+, and H
3+ impinging on thin carbon foils at 0.5 and 0.8 MeV/amu. Large molecular enhancements of emission yields of Balmer lines are observed for H
2+ and H
3+ beams, where (i) the molecular enhancements for H
2+ and H
3+ depend on the principal quantum number (
n=3–6), (ii) the molecular enhancement for H
3+ is higher than that for H
2+, and (iii) the molecular enhancements decrease very rapidly in the
red regiem (
tD\lesssim2 fs) and slowly in the
blue regiem (
tD\gtrsim2 fs) with increasing
tD.
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Naoaki Bekki
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2717-2718
Published: September 15, 1982
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The parametric excitation of convective cells in the short-wavelength drift waves is investigated. The general dispersion relation is presented for the decay instability, and the scale-length of convective cells is evaluated. It is shown that an excited convective cell due to the nonlinear mode-coupling yields a radial flow (in the direction of inhomogeneity) and can enhance the anomalous transport.
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Yoshimasa Matsuno
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2719-2720
Published: September 15, 1982
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It is shown that the
N-soliton solution of the Benjamin-Ono equation is derived from the system of
N linear algebraic equations.
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Yoko Hamano, Fumiaki Shibata
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2721-2727
Published: September 15, 1982
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A generalized rotational diffusion equation, which governs time-evolution of spin relaxation process, is solved rigorously. Although the original equation is rather involved with time dependent coefficients, the solution is quite simple and is seen to have a wide range of applicability. From the solution, all the previous results are obtained as special cases.
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Yoko Hamano, Fumiaki Shibata
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2728-2734
Published: September 15, 1982
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Detailed numerical analysis is made on the transverse relaxation process and on the power spectrum. These are expressed in terms of a superposition of 2
J-functions [
J the magnitude of spin]. For the transverse relaxation process with initial conditions far from equilibrium state, these 2
J functions
do contribute especially at an early stage of time-evolution; near the equilibrium, only a single function with the minimum eigenvalue survives.
Due to the nonlinearities, under certain circumstances, average of the transverse component of spins enhances itself to reach a maximum value and decreases as the time evolves: This is recognized as a phase coherence phenomenon induced by the nonlinear effect and is out of the scope of the usual linear theory.
The power spectrum is, however, determined essentially by the single function and consequently, simple rules are deduced from the numerical analysis, even for arbitrary value of
J. Analysis on the “Cole-Cole” diagram suggests a sort of universality in the relaxation process.
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Yasushi Wada
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2735-2745
Published: September 15, 1982
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A kink in a system of a φ
4-chain undergoes a Brownian motion due to the collisions with thermally excited phonons. Deviations from the classical kink motion are associated with the Brownian motion. They are described by the quantum mechanics. Heisenberg equations of motion are solved, using an iteration method, to see how the kink behaves. With the help of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, the diffusion constant is evaluated at low temperatures where the lowest order processes are important. The quantum effect becomes appreciable, when the temperature is lowered than the typical phonon energy. It reduces the diffusion constant drastically, since the number of thermally excited phonons is reduced. A diagram method is proposed to study the higher order processes which would become effective at higher temperatures.
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Kiiti Siratori, Kay Kohn, Hidenori Suwa, Eiji Kita, Shohei Tamura, Fum ...
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2746-2754
Published: September 15, 1982
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Precise measurement of static magnetization in a weak external field was carried out for ferromagnetic solid solution, Eu
xSr
1−xS. It is shown experimentally that the situation near the transition point is unchanged by the dilution: the magnetization can be expressed only by the magnetic field if both quantities are scaled for temperature as
m∝
M·|(
T⁄
Tc)−1|
−β and
h∝
H·|(
T⁄
Tc)−1|
−βδ, respectively, provided that β
cal=γ⁄(δ−1) is used in the scaling instead of experimentally determined β. When
x is larger than 0.85, β
cal coincides with β. β
cal is larger than β for
x less than 0.85. In the latter case, above argument on the scaling does not hold in the immediate neighbourhood of the transition point,
T=
Tc,
H=0. The boundary of the region is shown in the
T-
H plane where the scaled magnetic equation of state exists. Critical indices β, γ and δ, experimentally determined and used in the scaling, change appreciably with Eu concentration. Both γ
−1 and the ferromagnetic Curie point,
Tc, have a same dependence on
x.
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Teruo Matsushita
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2755-2760
Published: September 15, 1982
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The proximity effect of a thin normal metal layer in a superconductor is investigated by solving the phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau equations. The thickness of the normal layer is assumed to be much smaller than the electron mean free path. The degradation of the induced order parameter in the normal layer from the bulk superconductivity is proportional to both the repulsive potential for Cooper pairs in the normal layer and its thickness. It is elucidated that the superconductivity is degradated also in the superconducting region in the vicinity of the normal layer. The present result is compared with the result of the McMillan’s tunneling theory.
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Yoshihisa Obi, Hiroyasu Fujimori, Hiroaki Morita
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2761-2767
Published: September 15, 1982
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Low temperature magnetic properties of amorphous (Ni
1−xMn
x)
82Si
10B
8 alloys were investigated. The alloys in the range of 0.18≤
x≤0.5 showed a magnetic nature of the so called mictomagnetism, characteristics with asymmetrical hysteresis loop due to unidirectional exchange anisotropy. These characteristics were similar to the mictomagnetic properties observed in crystalline Ni–Mn alloys.
Among models that were proposed for the crystalline mictomagnets, local environment model based on ferro- and antiferro-magnetic interactions of nearest neighbour atoms was more applicable to the amorphous alloys rather than heterogeneous structure model based on ferro- and antiferro-magnetic macroscopic aggregations of atoms, because the structure of amorphous alloys is considerably homogeneous.
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Katsuma Yagasaki, Yowa Kadena, Hironobu Fujii, Tetsuhiko Okamoto
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2768-2771
Published: September 15, 1982
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The magnetization curves at 4.2 K and the initial susceptibility from 4.2 K up to room temperature along the principal crystallographic axes have been measured on a single crystal of PrAg compound. The compound is antiferromagnetic below 10 K. The magnetization curve has two spin-flop transitions; one of them occurs at critical field of 1.3 kOe (
Hc1) along all the principal axes, and the other takes place at about 15 kOe (
Hc2). The magnitude of magnetization along all the axes become equal at about 46 kOe (
Ha). The order for magnitude of the magnetization is reversed for higher field than
Ha. The results are discussed briefly and the canted spin configurations are proposed.
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Masatsugu Suzuki
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2772-2776
Published: September 15, 1982
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The magnetic AC susceptibility of the two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnet K
2CuF
4 has been measured in the presence of external magnetic field
H perpendicular to the easy plane. It is found that there occurs the crossover of the critical behaviour from 2D XY to 2D Heisenberg along the line in the
H-
T plane which is described by
Tg−
T∝
H1.0±0.1 with
Tg=7.5 K. This fact gives direct evidence that the critical behaviour is mainly supported by the easy-plane type anisotropy field.
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Yasunori Kubo, Shoji Ishida
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2777-2786
Published: September 15, 1982
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The Stoner excitation spectrum in the ferromagnetic Heusler alloys X
2MnY (X=Ni, Cu, Pd, Y=Al, Sn) is evaluated on the basis of the realistic band structure obtained by T.B.-OPW method. The acoustical spin wave excitation in X
2MnY is investigated by relating that to the Stoner excitation. It is remarked that, in the spin wave excitation in Cu
2MnAl, the relative contributions from the five d-states of Mn are almost same in contrast to the case of Pd
2MnSn in which the contribution from the dγ-state of Mn is dominantly important. The situation in Ni
2MnSn is nearly intermediate between those of Cu
2MnAl and Pd
2MnSn. It is shown that the Stoner excitation spectrum in Cu
2MnAl rapidly varies with increasing wave vector
q compared with the cases of Ni
2MnSn and Pd
2MnSn. It is indicated that the nearest neighbor exchange interaction in X=Cu is particularly large compared with that in the other X-atoms in good correspondence with the result obtained by Ishikawa
et at.
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Kunihiko Yamaji
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2787-2797
Published: September 15, 1982
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A quasi one-dimensional Hubbard model embodying features of (TMTSF)
2PF
6 etc. was studied. The SDW gap equation derived by a variational method is solved. The gap parameter is derived at OK and at finite temperatures as a function of the transverse electron transfer energy
t′. The SDW transition proves to be of the second order. The upper and lower bands separated by the SDW gap start to overlap due to finite value of
t′ when the gap becomes smaller than the magnitude of modulation of band extrema. The temperature dividing the SDW phase into semiconducting and semimetallic phases is also obtained. Physical properties such as state density, magnetoresistivity, conductivity, susceptibility etc. are briefly described. Experimental observations agree qualitatively well with the above results, if we take
t′∼300
kB and assume appropriate pressure dependence of
t′.
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Hiroshi Kono, Kenichi Hashizume
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2798-2800
Published: September 15, 1982
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Differential thermal analyses (DTA) by heating and cooling are carried out for Fe and Ni specimens. Though each specimen has a sharp λ-type peak at the magnetic transition point
Tc on the heating DTA curve, a λ-type peak with a rounded top is found by us for each specimen at the temperature a little below
Tc on cooling. It can be interpreted that the nucleation and growth of the magnetic domain in a non-ferromagnetic matrix starts from
Tc on cooling. This phenomenon is found for pure metals such as Fe or Ni. Therefore, it can not be considered to be due to the compositional inhomogeneity.
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Manabu Kishi, Shigeto Miura, Yasuaki Nakagawa, Noboru Kimizuka, Isamu ...
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2801-2805
Published: September 15, 1982
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Magnetizations of hexagonal compounds YbFe
2O
4+x (polycrystals with
x=−0.027, −0.003 and +0.015 and a single crystal with
x=+0.03) have been measured in a temperature range between 4.2 K and room temperature. Remanent magnetizations are induced by magnetic fields applied during cooling below about 250 K. Dependences of lattice parameters on
x and temperature have also been determined. No lattice distortion occurs at low temperatures in contrast to the case of YFe
2O
4.
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Tôru Moriya
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2806-2818
Published: September 15, 1982
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Universal expressions are given for the magnetic susceptibility, the average of the squared local amplitude of spin fluctuation:
SL2(
T) as a function of temperature and its constituent
q-components, and the spatial spin correlation function above
TC. Existing experimental data for some of typical ferromagnetic metals are analyzed in terms of the longitudinal and transverse stiffness constants for the spin fluctuation,
SL2(
TC), and an effective wave vector cut-off parameter. Possibility for the existence of strong short range order in itinerant magnets such as Fe and Ni is discussed in the light of this analysis.
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Satoshi Hirosawa, Yoji Nakamura
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2819-2825
Published: September 15, 1982
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Curie temperature, magnetization and
59Co NMR have been measured for the pseudobinary R
1−xY
xCo
2 (R=Pr and Ho). In the Pr system, the hyperfine field distribution curve of Co obtained from the NMR spectra shows a well resolved satellite structure, while in the Ho system no additional structure appears in the distribution curve by replacing Ho with Y. These results are discussed in terms of a local environment effect of Co atoms and of the metamagnetic nature of the onset of the Co moment. It is suggested that the Pr moment increases with increasing Y concentration becuase of a decrease in the crystal field.
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Yasuo Endoh, Jun’ichiro Mizuki, Yoshikazu Ishikawa
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2826-2832
Published: September 15, 1982
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The magnetic phase diagram of the dilute
CrSi alloy system has been studied by neutron diffraction under applied pressures of up to ∼5 kbar. In Cr 1.4 at.%Si the incommensurate spin density wave (ISDW) phase appears above the commensurate spin density wave (CSDW) phase at pressures higher than about 2 kbar. Apart from the existence of the ISDW below the CSDW phase, the phase diagram of Cr 1.4 at.%Si in temperature vs pressure coordinates is quite similar to that of Cr 3 at.%Fe. The first order paramagnetic-CSDW transition in
CrSi is discussed within the framework of a two band model.
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Nobuo Wada, Koji Ubukoshi, Kinshiro Hirakawa
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2833-2839
Published: September 15, 1982
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RbFeCl
3 is composed of one-dimensional chains in which the spins interact ferromagnetically with XY-like anisotropy. These chains are coupled antiferromagnetically in the hexagonal basal plane. It undergoes three transitions at
TN1=2.5 K,
TN2=2.35 K and
TN3=1.95 K. In order to understand the nature of these transitions, we performed a neutron scattering study. Besides the previously determined 120°-structure observed at
T<
TN3, we found two different incommensurate structures in the basal plane at
TN3<
T<
TN2 and
TN2<
T<
TN1. Only, the transition at
TN3 is the first order, but the other two are the second order. The effect of the field applied parallel to the easy plane has also been studied.
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Yuri Nakao, Shinya Wakoh
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2840-2846
Published: September 15, 1982
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In order to study effects of choice of alloy potentials on the band structures of binary alloys, calculations of the spectral density and complex energy bands of Nb
1−xMo
x are carried out in the average
t-matrix approximation scheme. The alloy potentials are constructed in three ways by using the muffin-tin potentials of pure Nb and Mo. Choice of the alloy potentials remarkably affects the imaginary parts of the energy eigenvalues, while the band structures themselves remain almost unaffected. For alloy systems such as Nb–Mo, it is found that, with carefully constructed potentials, the average
t-matrix approximation scheme can give as good results as those obtained by the coherent potential approximation scheme.
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Yuri Nakao, Shinya Wakoh
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2847-2851
Published: September 15, 1982
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The electronic momentum densities and the Compton profiles in Nb
1−xMo
x alloys are calculated on the basis of the KKR–ATA scheme with three different alloy potentials. The peak widths of the spectral momentum density and the calculated Compton profiles are strongly influenced by the alloy potentials used. The effect of alloying with Mo can be seen in the changes of the fine structures on the calculated Compton profiles. It is demonstrated that measurements of the Compton profiles can provide information about the construction of realistic alloy potentials.
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Yuzo Shinozuka
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2852-2861
Published: September 15, 1982
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Nonradiative multiphonon recombinations are described consistently as pairs of an electron capture and a hole capture with many electron representation. Adiabatic potentials are calculated as a sum of
N electrons’ energy and the potential energy of
N ions with taking care of the cooperation of the electron-lattice interaction and the defect potential. It is shown that by the electron (hole) capture electronic energy of an order of the thermal depth of an electron (hole) localized at the defect is converted to the lattice energy. Every capture process can be enhanced by the transient lattice vibration triggered by the last opposite carrier capture. This actually occurs at almost every defects with lattice relaxation energy being larger than the half of the band gap width, when both carriers are injected with high density as is met in active laser diodes.
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Toshikatsu Miki, Motoji Ikeya
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2862-2868
Published: September 15, 1982
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Thermoluminescence (TL) of LiH irradiated by X-rays at 12 K was studied together with thermally stimulated current (TSC) and F center annealing. The TL curve consists of a prominent peak at 52 K, weak peaks at 82 K and around 170 K and a broad underlying peak that extends from 12 K to 200 K; the broad peak is composed of many peaks with slightly different activation energies. No TSC peak was observed below 80 K in spite of the presence of TL at low temperature. By annealing, the optical density of the F band formed by X-irradiation is decreased gradually up to 40 K and rapidly at about 55 K, but increased above 80 K until 110 K. These results were interpreted as due to the recombination and the dissociation of the close pairs of an F center and an interstitial hydrogen atom separated by various distances. The formation of close pairs in LiH was attributed to the small space for the interstitial in LiH lattice and to the absence of π type orbitals in a crowdion type separation of the F center and the interstitial.
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Akiko Natori
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2869-2877
Published: September 15, 1982
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The electron correlation effect in impurity doped semiconductors is investigated with use of alloy type model Hamiltonian. The formation of localized moment and the consequent structures on the density of states corresponding to the impurity band, D
− band and host conduction band is studied in the Hartree-Fock approximation and coherent potential approximation. It is shown that the electron correlation effect is emphasized on impurity sites and the metal-insulator transition occurs at the critical impurity concentration induced by the formation of localized moment. Further the effect of valley degeneracy in the case of many valley semiconductors is examined and pointed out to be important on the manner of formation of localized moment in concentrations near the metal-insulator transition.
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Shin Akahoshi, Yasushi Tsunoura, Hiroshi Ninomiya, Kenzi Hukuda
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2878-2884
Published: September 15, 1982
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Behavior of
77Se hyperfine structure of DKDP: SeO
43− is reported in detail. The spectroscopic splitting tensor and the hyperfine interaction tensor are determined in both paraelectric and ferroelectric phases. The coercive electric field is measured to be 4.4 [kV/cm]. The striking effect of deuteration on the temperature dependence of the hyperfine structure is successfully explained under an assumption that the rate of slow fluctuation of the Se atom in the SeO
43− is independent of deuteration in the paraelectric phase. It is pointed out that the results on Cr
5+ in KDP, DKDP, KDA and DKDA are quite different from those on SeO
43− in KDP and DKDP and AsO
44− in KDA and DKDA with respect to the deuteration effect on the rate of the fluctuation observed by ESR.
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Kêitsiro Aizu
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2885-2890
Published: September 15, 1982
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The qualitative and quantitative results deduced by a recent theory [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
51 (1982) 515] were found to agree fairly well with the experimental results on NaNO
2. However, of the theoretical ε vs
T graph, the part just above the incommensurate-to-ferroelectric transition point was found to disagree with the observed one even qualitatively. Resolution of this item of disagreement is attempted in the present paper. To fundamental waves
Qa cos (
hx−θ
Q) and
Ra cos (
hx−θ
R) which are a soft
B2u wave and a hard
B1g wave respectively, waves
Qa′ cos (2
hx−θ
Q′) and
Ra′ cos (2
hx−θ
R′) are added (the wavenumber of added waves must be 2
h, not any other); no further modification is made. This way is found to clear up the item of disagreement while not affecting at all any of the items of agreement in the recent paper.
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Izumi Tomeno
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2891-2899
Published: September 15, 1982
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The elastic stiffnesses
C11,
C33,
C44 and
C66=(
C11−
C12)⁄2 of both single domain (SD) and multidomain (MD) LiTaO
3 crystals were measured between 20 and 700°C by the ultrasonic phase comparison method. The stiffnesses
Cii′ (i=1, 4 and 6) of the MD crystal were larger than
CiiE of the SD crystal, respectively, while
C33′ of the MD crystal, which was smaller than
C33P of the SD crystal, was equal to
C33E. In the paraelectric phase
CiiP (i=1, 3, 4 and 6) decreased linearly with increasing temperature, except for near
TC. In the ferroelectric phase, non-linear temperature dependence of
CiiE (i=1, 4 and 6) can be accounted for by the electrostrictive interaction. On the other hand, weak temperature dependence of
C33P−
C33E below 500°C and marked change in
C33P−
C33E between 500°C and
TC may be related to higher order interaction and fluctuation of spontaneous polarization, respectively.
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Tomoyuki Hikita, Tsuneo Tsukahara, Takuro Ikeda
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2900-2909
Published: September 15, 1982
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Ultrasonic velocites have been determined on the ferroelectric (NH
4)
2BeF
4 as functions of both temperature and pressure. Special attention has been paid to the incommensurate phase which appears in a narrow temperature range. The temperature dependence of sound velocities corresponding to the elastic constants
c11,
c22,
c33,
c44,
c55,
c66 has been obtained at several constant pressures. A distinct pressure dependence was observed in the variation of the
c22 component with temperature.
The ultrasonic attenuation of the longitudinal sound propagated along the
a-axis has been measured under pressure. From the result of the attenuation measurement and the Brillouin scattering data, it was found that the relaxation time in the normal phase is given by τ
eff=τ
0⁄((
T−
TI)⁄
TI)
−1.3 at atmospheric pressure. The elementary relaxation time τ
0 is determined to be (1.1±0.3)×10
−13 sec.
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Yasuhiro Kamijo, Ryuji Abe
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2910-2913
Published: September 15, 1982
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Dielectric and elastic properties of the mixed crystals, Li(NH
4)
1−xTl
xC
4H
4O
6·H
2O, were investigated for various content of Tl
+ ion. For the mixed crystal with
x=0.5, an antiferroelectric hysteresis loop was observed at liquid helium temperature when the electric field was applied along the
a-axis. The role of NH
4+ ion or Tl
+ ion on the phase transition of these substances is discussed according to the results.
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Masanori Cho, Toshirou Yagi, Takashi Fujii, Akikatsu Sawada, Yoshihiro ...
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2914-2919
Published: September 15, 1982
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The elastic instability in the ferroelastic phase transition of BiVO
4 was investigated by the observation of the Brillouin scattering spectra as a function of temperature around the transition temperature. From the temperature dependence of the observed spectra in two different scattering geometries it turns out clear that the softening of elastic stifiness constant
c11−
c12, not of
c66, causes the ferroelastic transition. The elastic softening is discussed in connection with the domain structure.
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Hiroshi Tochihara, Yoshitada Murata
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2920-2926
Published: September 15, 1982
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Angle-integrated low-energy electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) was measured as a function of coverage for studying electronic excitations in Cs atoms deposited onto a clean Si(100) 2×1. surface and simultaneously AES, LEED,
Δφ, and UPS were observed. The energy loss peak (1 eV) in the EEL spectrum appears with large intensity at the saturation coverage of a half monolayer and is not observed at lower coverages. This energy loss is assigned to the plasmon excitation in Cs overlayer on silicon as observed in alkali atoms on noble and transition metals. It is suggested that the observed plasmon excitation in Cs atoms has a one-dimensional character from the standpoint of the geometrical model proposed by Levine [J. D. Levine: Surf. Sci.
34 (1973) 901], where Cs atoms form one-dimensional chains on the raised site at a half monolayer.
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Masaru Tsukada
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2927-2933
Published: September 15, 1982
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Non-adiabatic behavior of adsorbates near the crossing region of the potential surfaces is analysed by the stochastic trajectory method. The branching ratio of the electronic states is remarkably influenced by the interaction with the surface heat bath. For the passage from the ground state the transition to the excited state is considerably enhanced compared with that by the Landau-Zener theory. For the slow passage from the excited state, the transition to the ground state is predominant, if the coupling to the heat bath is significant. Implication of the result is discussed in relation to the Na scattering on W surface and the electron stimulated desorption.
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Izumi Hirabayashi, Yoshinori Tokura, Takao Koda
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2934-2946
Published: September 15, 1982
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The surface exciton polaritons associated with the A, B and C excitons in ZnO are investigated by the attenuated total reflection (ATR) measurements. The concept of the surface admittance is introduced to understand the characteristic nature of the surface polaritons in anisotropic ZnO crystal. The experimental ATR spectra and the dispersion curves for the respective excitons are analyzed taking account of the anisotropic and non-local exciton dielectric functions and of the surface layer effect. The real and virtual surface polariton modes are identified on the B exciton from the experimental dispersion curves for particular geometries. Besides, a pseudo-surface mode is observed as additional ATR dips and is interpreted as the guided-wave mode propagating along an optical wave-guide-like structure, ZnO-surface layer-MgF
2 gap, under specific conditions.
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Hitoshi Nishimura, Takao Yamano
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2947-2954
Published: September 15, 1982
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The spectrum and the quantum yield of the 1s free exciton luminescence in alkali iodides have been studied as a function of temperature. These results are strongly dependent on the samples used. On the basis of these results the intrinsic nature of the luminescence process and the self-trapping process of the 1s free excitons has been studied.
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Katsuaki Sato, Teruo Teranishi
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2955-2961
Published: September 15, 1982
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Reflectance magneto-circular dichroism spectra and Kerr rotation spectra have been measured for the first time on a pyrite type ferromagnet CoS
2, for photon energies between 0.5 and 3.5 eV below the Curie temperature. There have been observed three major structures around 0.8, 1.5 and 2.8 eV, among which the most prominent is the one at 0.8 eV; the Kerr rotation reaches the value of 1.1° at the peak. Real and imaginary parts of the off-diagonal element of the dielectric tensor have been calculated from the observed spectra. Theoretical study has revealed that the line shape of the 0.8 eV structure can be explained in terms of the localized many-electron excitation associated with the dε–dγ absorption edge of this compound. This corresponds to the narrow-band nature of the pyrite type compound.
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Yuji Kuwamura, Yoshitomo Yokota, Masuo Fukui, Osamu Tada
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2962-2965
Published: September 15, 1982
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Using an angle-frequency scan method, we provide the first experimental observation of ATR mode of surface polaritons in Ag that are characterized by a complex frequency and a real wavevector. We moreover discuss various features of new ATR mode, comparing with those of the other two ATR modes.
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Demitrios K. Papademitriou, Demitrios M. Miliotis
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2966-2972
Published: September 15, 1982
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Spectroscopic analysis of scattered X-rays from polycrystalline Be irradiated by Cu Kα
1, Kα
2 radiations, shows two separated bands with an energy shift of 120±1 eV from the position of the corresponding coherently scattered radiations. These two bands are characterized as X-ray Raman scattering bands. Their position in the spectrum, is independent of the scattering angle.
Measuring the F.W.H.M. of the experimentally found Kα
1 X-ray Raman band and the used as primary, we made a quantitative estimation of the Half Width of the density of states band just above the Fermi level.
The intensity ratios of the Raman bands at six different scattering angles, are in very good agreement with the corresponding ratios of the intensity factors, suggested by Mizuno and Ohmura. Furthermore two bands found at the long wavelength limit cannot be attributed to the antibonding effect of Be atoms, before we extend our measurements.
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Kiyoshi Ueda, Yoshihiro Hamaguchi, Kuniya Fukuda
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2973-2976
Published: September 15, 1982
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Oscillator strengths (
f values) for the transitions 4
s4
p 3P-4
sns 3S with
n=5 and 6, -4
snd 3D with
n=4 and 5, -4
p2 3P, and -3
d2 3P have been determined by using the hook method. The metastable 4
s4
p 3P levels are populated by a DCdischarge. The absolute scale is based on recent lifetime measurements for 4
s5
s 3S and 4
s4
d 3D. The resulting absolute
f values are in reasonable agreement with the data of NBS compilation except for 4
s4
p 3P-4
s5
s 3S but show significant discrepancy with recent theoretical values.
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Yoh Itoh, Nobuo Kobayashi, Yozaburo Kaneko
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2977-2981
Published: September 15, 1982
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Vibrational excitation of CO
2 molecules of the ground electronic state by 203 eV Li
+ incident was measured with an ion energy-loss spectrometer at nearly 0°. The energy resolution (F.W.H.M.) of the spectrometer was 14 meV. The attention was mainly directed to the excitation of overtones of bending mode,
nν
2. Only the peaks corresponding to the excitation of (02
20) and (03
30) levels were observed for 2ν
2l and 3ν
2l, respectively. The excitation cross section of the state (03
30) was estimated to be about 2×10
−18 cm
2 at
EI=203 eV. The excitation of 3ν
2 was explained by a third order perturbation through a three step process (00
00)→(01
10)→(02
20)→(03
30) where each step is caused by a perturbation of charge-dipole force linearly depending on the vibrational coordinate of the molecule.
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Tomoko Ohyama Yamaguchi, Yukikazu Itikawa
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2982-2988
Published: September 15, 1982
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Total charge transfer cross sections are calculated for the collisions of Li
3+ and Be
4+ ions with H(1s) atoms in the low energy region (
E<25 keV/amu). The perturbed-stationaly-state method in the impact parameter approximation is used with a basis set of adiabatic one-electron two-center molecular orbitals. For the Li
3+–H system, a reasonable agreement is found between the present calculation and the recent experiment.
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Masayasu Tanjyo, Yoshiyuki Aso, Kei-ichi Hirano
1982 Volume 51 Issue 9 Pages
2989-2998
Published: September 15, 1982
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A linear theta pinch machine, STP–L has been constructed to study the improvement of the heating efficiency by successive two fast capacitor discharges. The concept of the staged theta pinch which assumes the application of ideal two square magnetic field pulses is modified into more practical one. It is demonstrated experimentally and theoretically that the control of the small dip which appears just after the maximum implosion gives considerable effects on the final plasma temperature. The maximum heating gain by such control is found to be 1.6. Under a typical operating condition in which the dip is controlled we achieved the following plasma parameters; the plasma diameter is equal to 3.2 cm, the average plasma density 5.3×10
15 cm
−3 and the total temperature 650 eV.
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