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Atsushi Matsumoto, Tsuruji Iwai, Yozaburo Kaneko, Masahiro Kimura, Nob ...
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3291-3293
Published: October 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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One-electron capture processes into B
2+(2s) and B
2+(2p) have been investigated in B
3+–He collision at low velocities (1.3–2.3×10
7 cm/sec) using a translation energy spectroscopy. Energy dependence of the relative population between B
2+(2s) and B
2+(2p) is obtained and compared with the theoretical result of Shipsey
et al.
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Hidenori Hasimoto
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3294-3296
Published: October 15, 1983
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Simple formulae are presented to calculate the force
F and Torque
T on a rigid spheroidal particle of semi-axes (
a,
a,
c) immersed in an arbitrary Stokes flow with velocity
u(
x,
y,
z) at infinity.
Using the notation 〈
f〉=(1⁄2ε) ∫
−εεf(0, 0,
z)d
z, ε=(
c2−
a2)
1⁄2, we have
F=μ
K·〈
w〉,
w=
u+
A grad
p⁄μ,
T=3μ
Q〈
ze×
w+2
Aω〉, (
Remark: Graphics omitted.), where μ is the viscosity, −μ
K and −μ
Q the tensor coefficients of force and torque on the spheroid for unit translational and rotational velocities,
p the pressure,
e the unit vector along the
z axis and ω the vorticity. For the oblate spheroid we have only to take ε=
i|ε|.
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Toshiaki Sato, Toshio Osaka, Yasuharu Makita
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3297-3299
Published: October 15, 1983
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X-ray diffraction study on the phase transitions in (NH
4)
2ZnBr
4 was made. It was found that the crystal has a new phase between 122°C and 159°C characterized by the incommensurate structure (δ≠0) with the satellite reflections of (
h k l±(1⁄4+δ)) type and has the superlattice structure with the (
h k l±1⁄3) reflections below the ferroelectric transition point, −56.5°C. The commensurate structure with the (
h k l±1⁄4) reflections is observed between 122°C and −56.5°C.
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Saburo Nasu, Hirohiko Adachi, Francisco Eiichi Fujita
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3300-3303
Published: October 15, 1983
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Utilizing the discrete variational Xα cluster calculation (DV–Xα method), the total charge-density distribution around an atom-atom pair (dimer) has been obtained for fcc Cu
18Fe
2 and Cu
18Cu
2 clusters. A remarkable result from the calculation was the direct indication of the excess charge-density distribution around the Fe–Fe dimer in copper which was obtained from the difference in the total charge-density of Cu
18Fe
2 and Cu
18Cu
2 clusters. Excess charge-density mainly arises from the σ bonding of Fe 3d orbitals within the dimer and shows the origin of the pairwise interaction in this alloy system.
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Hiromichi Ebisawa, Hidetoshi Fukuyama
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3304-3307
Published: October 15, 1983
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Effects of magnetic fields on the inelastic scattering time, τ
ε, are examined in two-dimensional weakly localized regime by extending the calculation of Fukuyama and Abrahams. In spite of the strong field dependence of τ
ε, the use of the constant τ
ε0, the zero field value, is verified in the expression of the magnetoresistance, which have been applied successfully. Higher order interaction effects are also investigated in the same framework and are found not to affect the conclusion in an essential way.
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Tomonao Miyadai, Shûji Sudo, Kôichi Takisawa
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3308-3311
Published: October 15, 1983
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The weakferromagnetism in M
xNi
1−xS
2 (M=Co, Cu, Co+Cu) and NiS
2−xSe
x systems was investigated. The
x-dependence of the weak ferromagnetic moment,
M0, are roughly the same for the former systems and the critical concentration (
xc) for the disappearance of
M0 is 0.03∼0.05. The
xc for the latter system is about 0.3. Discussion is given on the
x-dependence for the above systems, including other similar systems, from a view point of a cluster-like model and of the four-four-spin interaction theory.
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Koichi Katsumata, Kiyohiro Sugiyama, Muneyuki Date
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3312-3314
Published: October 15, 1983
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The full magnetization curve of NiBr
2 has been measured in a pulsed high magnetic field at
T=1.3 K. This material exhibits a helical ordering below 22.8 K in zero field. When the external field is applied in the
c-plane at low temperatures, a transition from the helical to antiferromagnetic phase takes place at 27 kOe. A magnetization change is observed at 321 kOe in an increasing field. This value is in good agreement with the predicted one (325 kOe) by Yoshiyama
et al. for the transition field from the antiferromagnetic to fan phase. The transition from the fan to saturated paramagnetic phase occurs at 329 kOe, which is close to the theoretical value of 331 kOe.
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Edmundo A. Soares, Hitoshi Yamazaki
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3315-3317
Published: October 15, 1983
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The magnon relaxation rate in the quasi-two-dimensional ferromagnets (C
6H
5C
nH
2nNH
3)
2CuCl
4 were measured by parallel pumping techniques for temperatures from 1.4 to 4.2 K and for the external magnetic field applied along the
a and
b directions. The zone boundary
c-magnon has relaxation rate that decreases for larger
n and this is attributed to the increasing flattness of the dispersion relation in the
c-direction.
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Masashi Takigawa, Hiroshi Yasuoka, Yuji Yamaguchi, Shinji Ogawa
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3318-3321
Published: October 15, 1983
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The
59Co NMR experiment has been performed in the normal state of Y
4Co
3, a new type of magnetic superconductor. The spin echo spectrum at a constant frequency (53 MHz) consists of three kinds of resonance signals corresponding to the three crystallographically inequivalent Co sites. Only one of these sites shows the large negative Knight shift and identified as Co-2b sites which form a linear chain along the
c-axis. The zero field ferromagnetic nuclear resonance has been also observed around 18 MHz with the half width of 9 MHz at 2.1 K, which gives the ferromagnetic moment of 0.23 μ
B, indicating the weak itinerant ferromagnetism in this compound.
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Kazuo Gesi
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3322-3324
Published: October 15, 1983
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Dielectric constant along the
a-direction of {N(CH
3)
4}
2FeCl
4 was measured at high pressures. The peak of the dielectric constant splits into two maxima in the pressure range from about 45 MPa to about 60 MPa indicating that the ferroelectric phase exists between two maxima. The maximum temperature width of the ferroelectric phase is about 1°C being much narrower than that found in {N(CH
3)
4}
2CoCl
4, {N(CH
3)
4}
2ZnCl
4, and their deuterated analogues.
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Motoyuki Tanaka, Takeshi Kawabe
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3325-3333
Published: October 15, 1983
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Phase transitions of the spin-one Ising model with nearest-neighbour and next-nearest-neighbour interactions are investigated for a square lattice using a molecular-field theory and a Monte Carlo method. Special attention is paid to the effects of the biquadratic next-nearest-neighbour interaction on the phase transitions of the model. Phase diagrams characterizing types of phase transition are obtained for several values of the coupling constants. The existence of the multi-critical points and the successive phase transitions are also discussed in connection with these phase diagrams.
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Hatsuyoshi Kato, Yukio Okwamoto, Tsuneyoshi Nakayama
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3334-3340
Published: October 15, 1983
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With the use of molecular-dynamics technique, the power spectra of displacements have been calculated for the two-dimensional sine-Gordon lattice with fixed winding number at thermal equilibrium. A gap has been clearly observed in the excitation spectra at sufficiently low temperatures. With increasing temperature the finite spectra are found at the frequencies in the gap. These observed data are analyzed with the temperature-dependent spectra of domain-wall oscillations and optical phonons.
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Fumihiko Takano, Tsuguhiro Tamaribuchi, Takehiko Oguchi
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3341-3348
Published: October 15, 1983
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The free energy of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick (SK) model for the spin glass is calculated exactly as a function of local magnetic moments in the form of power expansion. The expression is shown to coincide with that of Thouless, Anderson and Palmer and with that of Oguchi and Takano up to the fourth order term, suggesting that the Bethe or the pair approximation is exact for this model. The transition temperature obtained from the second order term gives the SK transition line. It is shown that the linear susceptibility diverges at the ferromagnetic transition temperature and remains finite at the spin glass one, and that the nonlinear susceptibility diverges negatively both at the spin glass and the ferromagnetic transition temperatures. The nature of the phase transition is seen to be rather peculiar and the more detailed analysis of higher order terms is necessary to obtain the definite conclusion.
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Masaki Hayashi, Kazuo Katsuura
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3349-3354
Published: October 15, 1983
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The cross-section dσ⁄d
M and various asymmetries (charge asymmetry, helicity asymmetry or lepton polarization and charge-helicity asymmetry) of the lepton pair produced in hadronic collisions:
p(\bar
p)+
p→(γ,
Z10,
Z20…)+
X→
l\bar
l+
X are calculated by assuming the Drell-Yan mechanism. The formulas are presented in the general form to be applicable to any gauge model of underlying electroweak interactions. Numerical results are presented for the cross-section and the asymmetries of the lepton pair produced in \bar
pp collision at \sqrt
s=540 GeV and in
pp collision at \sqrt
s=800 GeV, employing the Weinberg-Salam, SU(2)×U(1)×[U(1)]′ and SU(2)×U(1)×[SU(2)]′ models. Clearly distinguishable signals are revealed.
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Katsufusa Shoda, Masaharu Yamazaki, Masami Torikoshi, Osamu Sasaki, Hi ...
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3355-3364
Published: October 15, 1983
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The energy distribution of pions produced from
16O bombarded with 200 MeV electron was measured. The angular distribution of
16O(γ, π
+)
16N was deduced for the pions leading to the sum of the four lowest lying residual levels. The cross section integrated over angles is compared with the previous data deduced from the photopion yield curve. Experimental cross sections are compared with the shell model and Helm model predictions. The shell model results with configuration mixing approximately reproduce the present experimental results. The Helm model results are also similar to the experimental angular distribution pertterns.
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Eiko Hiroike
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3365-3372
Published: October 15, 1983
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The dephasing of a high-frequency intramolecular vibrational mode in a molecular crystal is successively investigated by the cumulant perturbation expansion method as in the preceding papers in this series, I and II. The dephasing of the high-frequency mode is brought on by the thermal excitation of a low-frequency mode in the same molecule as in I and II. In this paper, however, the intramolecular vibrational modes are expressed by the bands of the exciton waves traveling through the crystal (in I and II, the intramolecular vibrational modes are expressed by the localized excitation in one molecule). The calculation shows that the spectrum becomes considerably broad as the temperature increases, while the narrowing is observed as the band widths of the exciton waves increases.
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Goro Kuwabara, Seiji Chiba, Kimitoshi Kono
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3373-3381
Published: October 15, 1983
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A pendulum motion of a sphere falling through water under the action of gravity was studied experimentally for the Reynolds number between 1.5×10
3 and 4.0×10
4, and its explanation is given. The quantitative analysis of the path with stereoscopic photographs showed that the bending of the path from the vertical line occured through the action of a side force L acting perpendicularly to the path and alternating its direction with a frequency whose Strouhal number was about 0.2. Visual observation with a VIDEO revealed that the force L arose from a circulating flow around the sphere, which was generated and alternated its sense of rotation by shedding asymmetric vortex loops from alternate sides of the sphere. The lift coefficient was found to be about 0.3. The drag coefficient increased from 0.4 to 0.9 when the circulating flow reversed.
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Kenichi Nanbu
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3382-3388
Published: October 15, 1983
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Interrelations between the five direct simulation methods of Nanbu, Belotserkovskiy and Yanitskiy, Koura, Deshpande, and Bird are examined by means of probability consideration. These methods are divided into two groups; one based on the Boltzmann equation and the other based on the Kac master equation. Nanbu’s method belongs to the first group while all other methods belong to the second group. The methods of Koura, Deshpande, and Bird are modifications of that of Belotserkovskiy and Yanitskiy. Although the probability law for simulating molecular collisions is different from method to method, the mean rate of collision is essentially the same for all methods. This implies that there is no significant difference at least among macroscopic properties resulting from all methods.
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Yasuaki Kishimoto, Kunioki Mima
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3389-3399
Published: October 15, 1983
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A new expression for the electron thermal transport which is an extension of Spitzer and Härm theory to the case of steep temperature gradient is presented. The effects of nonlocal properties of the temperature profile on the heat flux are taken into account by retaining the third order terms in Chapman-Enskog expansion, while Spitzer and Härm theory retains only the first order term. A. R. Bell
et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett.,
46, (1981)] 243 have investigated the heat flux in steep temperature gradient by the Fokker-Planck equation. Their results are qualitatively investigated by our perturbation expansion analysis.
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Haruhiko Takase, Shigeo Kawata, Keishiro Niu
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3400-3404
Published: October 15, 1983
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The phenomenology of thermonuclear burn with a secondary reaction is investigated by using a method of numerical simulation for a DT–DD hybrid pellet with a high density. The simulation is carried out by use of a one-dimensional hydrodynamic Lagrangian code, showing the capability of tritium breeding in the hybrid pellet. The breeding ratio in the pellet is clarified to be able to exceed unity when the following two conditions are satisfied. 1) The amount of tritium is remarkably less than the amount of deuterium initially stored in the pellet, so that the amount of tritium produced by DD reactions is beyond the initial amount of tritium. 2) The pellet has a so high temperature and a so high ρ
R, that the amount of tritium does not decrease anomalously through the secondary DT reaction, because the rate of DT reactions decreases as the temperature increases above 70 keV.
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Noriyoshi Nakajima, Yasuyuki Nomura, Hiromu Momota
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3405-3413
Published: October 15, 1983
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Evolutions of RFP equilibria due to dissipative effects are studied theoretically. It is shown that the existence of stable RFP equilibria satisfying ideal and nonideal MHD stability criteria requires adequate hollow temperature profiles. If no profile control is applied to these RFP equilibria, the sufficient condition of stability for m=1 modes is first violated due to the disappearance of the toroidal current reversal near the surface within a short time.
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Nobuo Yajima, Mitsuo Kono, Shoji Ueda
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3414-3423
Published: October 15, 1983
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Nonlinear wave evolutions are studied both numerically and analytically in an ion-beam plasma system. In the linearly stable case solitons associated with linear eigen modes inherent in the system are shown to be mutually independent K-dV solitons so long as their amplitudes are smaller than a certain critical value. In the case of supercritical amplitudes, nonlinear explosion modes are found, whose analytical solution is obtained near the critical point.
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Katsumi Hirano, Katsuji Shimoda, Morihiko Sato, Hiroyuki Misaizu, Giyu ...
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3424-3431
Published: October 15, 1983
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Macroscopic behaviour of the plasma in the Filippov-type plasma focus device with axial magnetic field are studied using a streak mode interferometric system and magnetic probes. The imploding and the reflected shock front, and the collapsing current sheet were observed separately. It was clarified that the collision between the reflected shock front and the collapsing current sheet determines the highest pinch radius of the current sheet. After the collision the current sheet expanded and collapsed again. It was made clear that the bounce corresponds to a flow of the high density plasma squeezed by the pinch of the current sheet which moves along the electrode axis.
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Hiroaki Kamioka
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3432-3436
Published: October 15, 1983
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Concerning the sound velocity of pure metals at the melting point, the significance of the jump occurring between solid and liquid phases was considered. It was found that (1) the magnitude of the jump of the sound velocity decreases with increasing atomic weight when the elements with the same valency are compared, (2) the shear-wave velocity in solid phase just below the melting temperature can be evaluated from the sound velocities in the solid and liquid phases at the melting point, (3) the Lindemann constant is shown to be dependent on the crystal lattice structure.
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Yasuhiro Shinnaka, Seishi Yamamoto
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3437-3440
Published: October 15, 1983
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X-ray diffuse scattering due to multi-orientational disorder of NO
3− ions in cubic RbNO
3 of CsCl type is analysed with Nagai’s formula, which is derived by the Bethe approximation. The probabilities of pair configurations of the neighbouring NO
3− ions are determined with 12-orientation model. From these probabilities, the configurational entropy is estimated with Takagi’s method to be
R ln 2.6 J/mol·deg, which is not incompatible with the transition entropy from the lower temperature phase (P3
1). It is believed that the Bethe approximation can well describe a disordered phase bearing a partial strong correlation due to a short range repulsive interaction.
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Eiichi Yagi, Takane Kobayashi, Shiho Nakamura, Yuh Fukai, Kenji Watana ...
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3441-3447
Published: October 15, 1983
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The nuclear reaction
1H(
11B, α)αα is applied to the channeling method to locate hydrogen dissolved in a tantalum crystal TaH
0.08. The channeling angular scan of the emitted α-particle yield is made for 〈100〉 and 〈110〉 axial channels, and {100} and {111} planar channels. It shows central peaks for 〈100〉, 〈110〉 and {111} channels, while a shallow dip for {100} channel. The results are in favour of the tetrahedral-site occupancy.
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Mitsuo Harada
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3448-3453
Published: October 15, 1983
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The room-temperature structure of K
2Ba(NO
2)
4 has been determined by an X-ray structure analysis. The three dimensional data were collected by a four-circle diffractometer with Mo–Kα radiation monochromatized by a pyrolytic graphite. The space group is
Pbam(
Z=2) and the lattice constants are
a=6.604 (2),
b=11.427 (3) and
c=6.161 (1)A, respectively. Using the anisotropic thermal parameters, the final discrepancy factor of 0.038 was obtained. Three non-equivalent NO
2 sites are found in a unit cell, in which one NO
2 site is an ordered state and other two NO
2 sites are a disordered state. It is suggested from the present structure analysis that the phase transitions of this compound are caused by the ordering of the orientational disordered NO
2 molecules.
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Hikaru Terauchi, Satoshi Iida, Kazuhiro Tanabe, Hironobu Maeda, Morita ...
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3454-3459
Published: October 15, 1983
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Heterogeneous structure with different electron density distribution has been proposed from the data of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and the small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) in an amorphous Fe
0.9Zr
0.1 alloy, an amorphous GeSe semiconductor and an amorphous PbTiO
3 dielectric quenched from the melts. The local structures and the density correlations in the above three materials were determined.
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Shun-ichiro Koh, Toshio Mitsui
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3460-3465
Published: October 15, 1983
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X-ray diffraction study has been made on the crystal-liquid phase transition in the purple membrane fractionated from
Halobacterium halobium cells. The transition takes place at 75°C when the membranes are dispersed in distilled water. Bragg peaks do not exhibit any discontinuous change during the phase transition. Critical scattering takes place associated with the phase transition. Edge of the hexagonal lattice increases by about 1 Å from 30° to 73°C.
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Yasusada Yamada, Nozomu Hamaya
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3466-3474
Published: October 15, 1983
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A unified treatment has been constructed which gives a perspective view of incommensurate(IC)-commensurate(C) phase transition schemes in A
2BX
4 type crystals. We have shown that a microscopic treatment based on ‘Extended Antiferroelectric Interaction Ising’ model can explain most of the observed features of IC-C phase transitions. The wide variety of the lock-in phases is attributed to the fact that there are three different ground states in the extended antiferroelectric interaction system, and that each substance passes through various transient lock-in phases in the process of reaching one of those ground states. Within this model, each substance is characterized by a point in a two-dimensional interaction parameter space. The unified view has been visualized by constructing a distribution map of the representative points of the hitherto observed materials in this interaction parameter space.
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Katsuhiko Nomoto, Tooru Atake, Bijay Krishna Chaudhuri, Hideaki Chihar ...
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3475-3485
Published: October 15, 1983
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The heat capacity of Rb
2ZnBr
4 was measured from 3 to 300 K. The commensurate-incommensurate phase transition (so-called lock-in transition) showed very small anomaly of the first-order at (193.6±0.3) K with
ΔHt=(9.3±1.0) J·mol
−1 and
ΔSt=(0.048±0.005) J·K
−1·mol
−1. Below the lock-in transition, two phase transitions were observed. A typical second-order anomaly was at (111.7±0.2) K with
ΔHt=(47±5) J·mol
−1 and
ΔSt=(0.45±0.05) J·K
−1·mol
−1. Another anomaly was observed at (76.5±0.1) K with
ΔHt=(2.0±0.3) J·mol
−1 and
ΔSt=(0.027±0.004) J·K
−1·mol
−1. A unified treatment of the successive transitions in K
2SeO
4, Rb
2ZnCl
4, and Rb
2ZnBr
4 is given based on a Landau-type phenomenological theory. Numerical calculation of heat capacities and entropies of the lock-in transitions showed general agreement with the experimental results.
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Nobu Kuzuu, Masao Doi
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3486-3494
Published: October 15, 1983
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Constitutive equation for the nematic liquid crystals under weak velocity gradient is derived from the kinetic equation presented by Doi. The constitutive equation is consistent with the phenomenological equation proposed by Ericksen and Leslie. The six viscosity parameters (Leslie coefficients) appearing in the phenomenological theory are expressed by the molecular parameters.
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Shigeru Okuno, Yositaka Onodera
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3495-3505
Published: October 15, 1983
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In terms of the Takayama-Lin-Liu-Maki continuum model, exact solution is constructed for a polyacetylene chain on which a soliton and a polaron coexist, using the inverse scattering method. It is found that soliton and polaron can freely pass each other without attractive or repulsive interactions, irrespective of their charge and spin. On the basis of the results obtained, elementary processes associated with soliton and polaron in lightly doped
trans-polyacetylene are discussed.
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Jiro Yamashita, Setsuro Asano
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3506-3513
Published: October 15, 1983
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The standard self-consistent KKR band calculations are carried out to five alkali halides LiF, NaF, LiCl, NaCl and KCl, three oxides MgO, CaO and BeO and a sulfide CaS within the limit of the local density approximation. The equilibrium lattice constant, the total energy, the bulk modulus and the pressure-volume relation are evaluated by the knowledge of the one-electron energy and the wave functions at several lattice parameters.
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Jiro Yamashita, Setsuro Asano
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3514-3519
Published: October 15, 1983
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The standard self-consistent KKR band calculations are carried out to 3d transition metal monoxides MnO, FeO, CoO and NiO. The non-magnetic state, the ferromagnetic state and the antiferromagnetic state are considered in turn. According to our calculations the antiferromagnetic MnO and NiO are insulators, but FeO and CoO are metals. The equilibrium lattice constants and the total energies are calculated for these states. The antiferromagnetic states are found to be the most stable state and the theoretical values of the lattice constant are in good agreement with experiments.
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Tatsuya Okada, Fujio Kakinuma, Satoru Ohno
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3520-3525
Published: October 15, 1983
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The Hall coefficients of liquid Se–Te alloys have been measured by an alternating current and a direct current magnetic field for operation temperature from their melting point to about 750°C. The signs are negative for liquid Te and liquid Se
xTe
1−x alloys with
x=0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The absolute values of Hall coefficient for liquid Se–Te alloys exhibit the negative temperature coefficients and increase with increasing Se concentration. The Hall mobilities of these alloys have small negative temperature coefficients. The relationship between the Hall coefficient and the density of states at the Fermi level has been discussed on the basis of his formula given by Friedman.
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Tatsuya Okada, Fujio Kakinuma, Satoru Ohno
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3526-3535
Published: October 15, 1983
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Liquid Ag–Te and Cu–Te systems exhibited sharp minima in the conductivity and the susceptibility at the stoichiometric composition M
2Te. Furthermore, liquid Cu–Te system exhibited a weak maximum in the conductivity near 15 at%Cu concentration. For liquid Au–Te system, the concentration dependence of conductivity increases gradually with increasing Au concentration and that of susceptibility has a smooth variation with Au concentration. For liquid Pd–Te system, that of conductivity exhibited a rapid increase from Te-side to Pd-side.
On the basis of the Mott model, the density of states at the Fermi level
EF is estimated from these experimental results of the conductivity and susceptibility. The difference in their concentration dependence among four liquid systems is characterized by the amount of the sp-d hybridization and the position of the energy level of d-state
Ed relative to
EF.
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Rumiko Inada, Yoshichika \={O}nuki, Sei-ichi Tanuma
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3536-3543
Published: October 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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The effect of crystalline defects on Anderson localization was investigated and the localization in 1T-TaS
2 was found to be appreciably enhanced by increasing growth temperatures, by reducing the amount of excess sulphur and also by electron beam bombardment.
The electrical resistivity ρ follows ρ∝exp
T−1⁄n as a characteristic state of the variable range hopping conduction in the temperature region of 4 K to the measured lowest temperature 0.1 K. Contrary to the theoretical prediction of
n=3 for the two-dimensional system, we found that
n=2 is better fitted.
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Shin-ichiro Narita, Shin-ichi Terada, Shigeru Mori, Kiyofumi Muro, Yui ...
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3544-3553
Published: October 15, 1983
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Far-infrared cyclotron resonance absorptions in black phosphorus have been measured by using relatively large single crystals of
n-type and
p-type prepared by a large volume-high pressure technique at high temperature. The effective masses of the electron and the hole in the crystals have been determined along the three principal crystal axes and found to have appreciably large anisotropies. The experimental masses have been compared with the theoretical results so far published. The temperature and magnetic field dependences of the relaxation times of the carriers obtained from the half-widths of the cyclotron resonant peaks are discussed in the comparisons with the carrier mobilities in the results of the Hall measurements previously reported.
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Reinhold Oppermann
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3554-3562
Published: October 15, 1983
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A new tight binding theory for superconductivity in disordered systems is constructed on the basis of local gauge invariant
n orbital models. The large
n limit realizes and justifies BCS type results for weak coupling and arbitrarily narrow bands as exact solutions including modifications from the variable density of states. The 1⁄
n expansion provides a systematic treatment of superconducting-, localization-, and magnetic fluctuations and of Coulomb repulsion. As first applications we derive i) deviations from Anderson’s theorem due to the density of states variation and ii) logarithmic reduction of the critical concentration of magnetic impurities due to localization in 2D systems and critical reduction of
Tc in 3D due to critically decreased spinflip lifetime near the mobility edge (diffusion localization). A similar effect is found for the upper critical magnetic field and is compared with recent theories of Fukuyama and Maekawa
et al.
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M. H. Hawton, V. V. Paranjape
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3563-3570
Published: October 15, 1983
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We have evaluated the effect of confinement in a thin stab on the polaron energy and effective mass. The result is obtained for an arbitrary temperature and evaluated numerically at zero temperature. We estimate that the change in the polaron effective mass due to its interaction with-the lattice is reduced by 60% of its infinite crystal value when the slab thickness is equal to the polaron radius.
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Tyuzi Ohyama, Minoru Okamoto, Eizo Otsuka
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3571-3578
Published: October 15, 1983
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We have studied the temperature and magnetic field dependence of conductance in the two dimensional electron system of indium-tin-oxide films at temperatures between 1.5 and 300 K and up to the magnetic field of 100 kOe. Evidence for localization as well as correlation effects, and that for two-to-three dimensional transition induced by the magnetic field are clearly observed. By precisely fitting the experimental data to the available theories, localization parameters α
T and α
H as well as the temperature dependence of the inelastic scattering time τ
ε are deduced. For thick films, localization features of the three dimensional system are also observed.
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Akio Furukawa, Yasukage Oda, Hiroshi Nagano
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3579-3584
Published: October 15, 1983
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Ac magnetic susceptibility of Sn doped Bi (0.036–0.183 at%Sn) and Te doped Bi (0.289 at%Te) have been measured at low temperature down to 4.5 mK by the use of dilution refrigerator. Broad superconducting transition occurs below about 0.1 K, but no perfect Meissner effect is seen down to the measured lowest temperature. Magnitude of susceptibility decreases when the primary ac magnetic field increases or when dc magnetic field increases, although dependence on the latter is smaller than on the former. The same results are seen on the specimens of different concentrations of Sn except that the diamagnetic susceptibility becomes smaller as the concentration of Sn becomes smaller.
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Masao Kamiya, Kazuhiro Hara, Takashi Hashimoto, Kunito Okamoto, Hirosh ...
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3585-3591
Published: October 15, 1983
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Optical constants and their anisotropies of obliquely deposited iron films were measured by ellipsometry, and the shape anisotropy and the anisotropy of packing density of crystallites constituting the film were estimated. Both the anisotropies obtained gave valuable informations on the formation of the columnar structure, which complement the results obtained from the measurement of the magnetic anisotropy and the observation by replica electron microscopy.
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Minoru Takahashi
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3592-3601
Published: October 15, 1983
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Spin dynamics calculation shows that the ferromagnetic Heisenberg model at high temperature has a broad spin wave mode near the zone boundary in dynamical correlation function. This peak is explained as the Larmor precession in random field. A simple approximation for this mode is given.
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Masakazu Nishi, Yuji Ito, Atsuko Ito
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3602-3610
Published: October 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Both neutron diffraction and Mössbauer investigation reveal that CsFeS
2 remains paramagnetic down to 70 K, at which a sudden first order magnetic and structural phase transition takes place. Antiferromagnetic coupling of spins both along the
c-axis and along the diagonal direction in the
a-
b plane of the orthorhombic crystal structure of the high temperature phase accounts best for the observed low temperature neutron diffraction data. Mössbauer parameters determined over the temperature range from 4.2 K to room temperature indicate that the iron in CsFeS
2 is in a ferric state having large covalent bonding to sulfur ligands. The measured hyperfine field of 193.0±0.1 kOe at 4.2 K is a quite reduced value compared with those of other high spin ferric compounds.
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Mamoru Ishizuka, Yasuto Tohi, Taiichiro Haseda
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3611-3619
Published: October 15, 1983
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Fluctuation of spontaneous magnetization in the course of development with decreasing temperature was observed for the first time in the neighborhood of the critical temperature when the uniform magnetization of a weakly canted antiferromagnet Mn(HCOO)
22H
2O (
TN=3.686 K) was measured under the external magnetic fields less than 10 mOe by using a SQUID magnetometer. The amplitude of the fluctuation became smaller with decreasing temperature and below about 3.3 K the uniform magnetization was found to develop along the curve of the ordinary magnetization-temperature one. The fluctuation of the magnetization was found to occur only in the measurement with decreasing temperature at a finite sweep rate. The phenomenon has some resemblance to that of the Barkhausen effect which is observed in the course of the magnetization process under external magnetic field.
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Satoru Inagaki, Hidetoshi Fukuyama
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3620-3629
Published: October 15, 1983
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The ground state of the quasi-one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet coupled with the lattice distortion is determined on the basis of the phase Hamiltonian. By treating the weak interchain exchange interaction in a mean field approximation, it is shown within the self-consistent harmonic approximation that the ground state is either the Néel state or the spin-Peierls state as in the case of the small Ising anisotropy in our former investigation, but the Néel state is much more stabilized. The case of the staggered magnetic field is also examined. The three mechanisms, the Ising anisotropy, the interchain interaction, and the staggered field, are shown to be quite different in their stabilizing the Néel state. Comparison of these results with those by the classical treatment reveals the essential importance of the quantum fluctuations in the present competition problem.
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Yoshikazu Nishihara, Yuji Yamaguchi
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3630-3636
Published: October 15, 1983
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Magnetic phase transitions in itinerant electron magnets Hf
1−xTa
xFe
2 have been studied from measurements of Mössbauer effect, magnetization and X-ray diffraction. The first order magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic state has been observed with increasing temperature in the Ta concentration range 0.1<
x<0.3. It is concluded that the magnetic phase transitions in Hf
1−xTa
xFe
2 can be interpreted in terms of the recent theoretical result by Moriya and Usami on magnetic phase transitions in itinerant electron systems.
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Mitsuo Yamaga, Norihiro Sugimoto, Hide Yoshioka
1983 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages
3637-3645
Published: October 15, 1983
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ODMR of self-trapped excitons in mixed crystals AgBr
xCl
1−x (0\lesssim
x\lesssim0.53) has been studied. With the increase of
x, excitons become trapped at Ag sites having increasing numbers of Br ions in their coordination shells. For 0.3\lesssim
x\lesssim0.53, excitons seem to be characterized as (AgBr
6)
5− complexes. These observations are explained by tunneling of excitons to energetically lower sites. Tunneling is, also, capable of explaining the abrupt change of the self-trapped state to the free state of excitons around
x∼0.55 reported by Kanzaki
et al.
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