Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
Volume 53, Issue 4
Displaying 1-50 of 53 articles from this issue
  • Shunji Kawamoto
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1203-1205
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The Ito-type coupled nonlinear wave equation is shown to have cusp (singular spiky) soliton solutions.
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  • Hidetoshi Fukuyama, Yoshikazu Suzumura, Tetsuro Saso
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1206-1209
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Impurity pinning in one-dimensional superconducting state has been examined based on the phase Hamiltonian. It is found that a 2π-soliton of Josephson phase can spontaneously be created around an impurity as far as the amplitude of the order parameter of the superconductivity is small enough. The implications of the theoretical results are discussed in view of the recent remarkable experimental finding on TaSe3 by Tajima and Yamaya.
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  • Yoshichika \={O}nuki, Yoshiaki Shimizu, Takemi Komatsubara
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1210-1213
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    CeCu6 is shown to be a typical substance in the Kondo lattice ground state, having no magnetic ordering. The anisotropic negative magnetoresistance is found at low temperatures, which probably reflects the orthorhombic crystal structure.
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  • Masakazu Nishi, Yuji Ito, Hiroaki Kadowaki, Kinshiro Hirakawa
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1214-1216
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Neutron polarization analysis was performed in order to elucidate the spin structure of the triangular lattice antiferromagnet VBr2 in the ordered state. It is shown that, although the structure is still undecided, the spins are not confined in the c-direction nor in the c-plane but their components of the vector structure factor should distribute with the ratio |Fm⁄⁄Fm|=1.44, where the spin component in the c-plane is assumed to be isotropically distributed in the plane.
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  • Michio Naito, Shoji Tanaka
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1217-1220
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The 181Ta NMR in 1T-TaSe2 and 1T-TaS2 has been studied at 4.2 K using a single-crystal specimen in order to obtain detailed information on the three-dimensional ordering of the charge density waves. The experimental results indicate that the stacking of the charge density waves is quite different between 1T-TaSe2 and 1T-TaS2.
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  • Masayoshi Tajiri
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1221-1228
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Soliton solutions of the two and three-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon and Higgs field equations are investigated by the Hirota bilinear method. It is shown that these equations have N-soliton solutions.
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  • Miki Wadati, Kenji Ohkuma
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1229-1237
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The quantum three wave interaction equation is introduced. The exact eigenstates of the Hamiltonian are constructed. Furthermore, the existence of the bound states is shown. It is concluded that the quantum three wave interaction equation is completely integrable.
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  • Masakazu Ichiyanagi
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1238-1243
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    In this article we propose a new theory for collective modes of a many-body system which contains linear response theory and supplies us with systematic methods for the analysis of Brownian motion. The essential idea is to develop a method to find the possible justification for Zubarev’s nonequilibrium ensemble from the new standpoint which is to draw attention to the usage of the dynamical invariance. The present theory has many interesting features which are relevant to irreversible processes. In this article we are more interested in problems of principle than in problems of applicability.
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  • Kunisuke Nisizima, Kazuyosi Ikeda
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1244-1251
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The exact expressions for the volume-dependent cluster sums (composed of four or less molecules) for a one-dimensional lattice gas with nearest and second nearest neighbour interactions are derived. The detailed behaviour of these cluster sums as functions of the volume is discussed for the case when the nearest neighbour interaction is repulsive and the second nearest neighbour interaction is attractive.
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  • Terumi Chikama
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1252-1263
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A stochastic approach is presented to investigate the fluctuation effects in optical bistability. We take the modulation of the atomic transition frequency induced by collisions as a stochastic fluctuation. In the good cavity limit the optical bistability is enhanced by the frequency modulation under some conditions, while it is suppressed in the bad cavity limit.
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  • Akira Yoshizawa
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1264-1276
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The diffusion of a passive scalar in turbulent shear flows is studied from the statistical viewpoint. The scalar flux, the scalar variance, and the squared-scalar flux, which characterize the diffusion processes, are calculated from the two-scale Direct-Interaction formalism. An equation for the time evolution of the scalar variance at high Reynolds and Péclet numbers is shown to be written by using the mean scalar and two statistical quantities, such as the turbulent energy and the energy dissipation rate of the velocity field.
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  • Takao Sano, Shunichi Wakitani
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1277-1283
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Asymptotic solutions for small Prandtl number are obtained for unsteady free convection flow near the forward stagnation point of a two-dimensional symmetric body resulting from a step change in its surface temperature. It is shown that the boundary layer has the same singular character as that seen in the steady flow at small Prandtl number. The method of matched asymptotic expansions is used to obtain uniformly valid solutions.
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  • Tohru Nakano
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1284-1290
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The anisotropic temperature spectrum is numerically determined within the eddy-damped quasi-normal Markovian approximation for the case that a constant temperature gradient is imposed on isotropic and incompressible turbulence with the Kolmogorov velocity spectrum. The temperature spectrum is conveniently expanded in terms of Legendre polynominals. The isotropic part of the spectrum is calculated as k−1.701, very close to the Kolmogorov spectrum, while the anisotropic spectrum which corresponds to the coefficient of a second Legendre function is shown to be k−3. A model is examined which exhibits a crossover of the anisotropic spectrum from coupling-constant-dependent scaling to the independent scaling k−3.
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  • Shunichi Wakitani, Hirowo Yosinobu
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1291-1300
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Stability characteristics of a laminar natural convection flow above a horizontal line heat source are theoretically investigated on the basis of the linear stability theory. The coupled Orr-Sommerfeld equations are integrated numerically for anti-symmetric disturbances. The contours for various amplification rates are obtained in the Grashof number-wavenumber and the Grashof number-frequency diagrams. The eigenfunctions for the velocity and temperature disturbances are also calculated. Experiments are carried out for verifying the above-obtained theoretical results. All the experimental results are found to be in good agreement with them. A phenomenon called swaying motion, which was already reported in previous papers, seems to be explicable within the scope of the linear stability theory developed in the present paper.
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  • Sho Ji Tanaka, Shuichi Takamura, Ryo Sugihara, Takayoshi Okuda
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1301-1309
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Effects of lower hybrid wave (LHW) heating on alpha particle confinement in a large tokamak such as TFTR are investigated numerically. By use of a single particle code which includes the interaction with LHW, the diffusion coefficients of the particles in real and magnetic moment spaces are evaluated. The characteristic feature of the wave-particle interaction is that the alpha particles interact with the wave almost whole poloidal cross-section due to their large Larmor radii. It is found that LHW heating causes spatial diffusion as well as velocity diffusion and the characteristic time of orbit loss due to the diffusion of the alpha particles with rather large banana width is of the order of or shorter than their slowing-down time.
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  • Sadao Nakamura, Tetsumori Yuyama, Toshinori Michishita, Mikio Takeyama ...
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1310-1315
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A dispersion relation is derived for an ion-beam plasma system in a conducting cylinder. The dispersion relation obtained is examined numerically in order to clarify the boundary effect on the propagation of the longitudinal waves. Many eigen modes are found. These modes are found to be unstable even if they are expected to be stable in an infinite system. This instability is caused by an interaction of the ion beam with the wave which is influenced to propagate obliquely by a finite radius of the cylinder. The unstable frequency range shifts from higher to lower mode with increasing a length of the cylinder. The growth rate of the unstable waves is large for large value of bm,na, where a and bm,n are the radius of the cylinder and the nth zero of the mth order Bessel function of the first kind respectively.
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  • Akira Hasegawa, Yuji Kodama, Ralf Gruber, Sandro Semenzato
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1316-1325
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Equilibrium configurations which are stable with respect to ideal magnetohy-drodynamic perturbations and the corresponding beta limitations (\simeq25%) are obtained for reversed field pinches with ideal (delta-function) as well as diffused surface current profiles with the plasma separated from the wall. Since the surface current can be driven by a radio-frequency wave, such a scheme makes continuous operation of the reversed field pinch feasible.
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  • Hiroshi Itô
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1326-1334
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A topological concept of the helicity prevailed mainly with the knottedness of magnetic lines of force is extended to the helicity with respect to current filaments and the one related to current vortex lines. In addition to these autohelicities, a crosshelicity produced by tangled two different kinds of closed filaments is defined and the mangetic energy is a typical example of it. Any autohelicity changes into the other autohelicity in time and a crosshelicity becomes another crosshelicity in a resistive plasma. The decay time of the current helicity is sensitive to the current profile in axially symmetrical toroidal systems. A variational principle using one autohelicity and one crosshelicity as constraints is applied to three different configurations. The material pressure integral of each equilibrium plasma is found to be a linear combination of an autohelicity and a crosshelicity.
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  • Tadatsugu Hatori, Tsuguhiro Watanabe
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1335-1341
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A charge neutral cylindrical plasma with the radius of the order of the ion Larmor radius is considered, and eigen frequencies are calculated for an arbitrary normalized density ωpi2⁄ωci2 of up to 103. It is found that there exist the electrostatic ion cyclotron modes with frequencies between ωci and 2ωci.
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  • Fujio Kakinuma, Satoru Ohno
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1342-1348
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Measurements of positron lifetimes in SexTe1−x alloys with x=0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 have been carried out as a function of temperature. The lifetimes show large increments on melting and increase with temperature and Se concentration. The temperature dependence of lifetime is closely related to the change in the density. The results suggest that the annihilation characteristics of the trapped positrons are affected by the change in the bonding character. The dependence of lifetime on temperature and concentration is qualitatively explained provided the two kinds of the trapping sites are taken into account in the liquid Se–Te alloys.
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  • Hiroaki Kamioka
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1349-1355
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The velocities and the attenuation of sound in tin-bismuth alloys of two different chemical compositions, Bi/(Bi+Sn)=57.0 wt% (eutectic) and 66.7 wt% (hypereutectic), have been measured by the pulse transmission method at temperatures below and above the melting point. The frequency of the ultrasonic wave was 1 MHz. The compressional and shear wave velocities in the eutectic alloy just below the melting point (139°) were 2507 m/s and 1130 m/s, respectively, and the compressional wave velocity in liquid just above the melting point were 2040 m/s. By combining the present experimental data with the density and thermal expansivity data of the alloys, the elastic and the anelastic properties of tin-bismuth alloys near the melting temperature were derived, and some discussions were made on the obtained results.
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  • Hiromi Sakurai, Tatsuro Miyasato, Katsuo Suzuki
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1356-1359
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The magnetic field dependence of ultrasonic attenuation α(B) has been measured for Sb-doped Ge over the impurity concentration region 3.1×1016 to 3.3×1017 cm−3. It is found that the results are sensitive to the impurity concentration (N), in particular the difference in the attenuation coefficient with and without magnetic field, Δα(B)=α(B)−α(0), has a peak around 1.5×1017 cm−3 as a function of the concentration. It is pointed out that the attenuation coefficient per electron in the D band should increase with the magnetic field. For N>2×1017 cm−3, Δα(B) exhibits the behavior expected from a simple free electron gas model.
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  • Yoshie Matsuo
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1360-1365
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The elastic constants of ε-phase Ag–Zn alloys in the composition range from about 68 to 84 at.%Zn have been measured using a ultrasonic pulse-echo overlapping method. The elastic constants c11, c44 and c66 increase linearly with zinc content. c33 decreases linearly up to 75 at.%Zn and then fall more rapidly. On the other hand, c13 increases linearly up to 75 at.%Zn and then rises rapidly. The axial ratio decreases linearly with zinc content, while C=c11+c12+2c33−4c13 which correspond to a strain that change the axial ratio at constant volume, fall more rapidly above 75 at.%Zn. Based on the obtained results, we discuss the relation between the axial ratio change and phase stability, and elastic behavior.
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  • Yoshihiro Ishibashi, Ikuo Suzuki
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1366-1370
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The Peierls energy of a double sine-Gordon dislocation as a function of the position of the dislocation center is analytically estimated by means of the contour integral. It turns out that the relative stability of dislocation of the even-type and of the odd-type depends on a parameter a⁄4b which determines the form of the substrate potential.
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  • Sumiyoshi Fujiki, Keisei Shutoh, Shigetoshi Katsura
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1371-1379
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    Fully frustrated Ising models on two-dimensional lattice with the first and second or third nearest neighbor interactions are studied. Original Ising spin variables are transformed into the cell spin variables, whose Hamiltonian is derived. The interaction of states and the role of excited states are discussed. Order parameters of the fully frustrated systems are proposed in a unified way. Vortex and antivortex excitations are observed by Monte Carlo simulation. Results strongly predict the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in the model.
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  • Hiroshi Miyazaki, Yoshio Kuramoto, Chuji Horie
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1380-1388
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    Theory is presented of the mechanism of pressure-induced staging transitions in alkali-metal graphite intercalation compounds (A-GIC’s). The most stable stoichiometry at T=0 K is determined for various species of intercalant atoms. Effect of pressure is taken into account by varying the distance between the two graphite layers which sandwich an intercalant layer. Lithium GIC’s are found to be stable with the stoichiometry of LiCn, where n is the stage number, at all pressures. The most stable stoichiometry of heavy alkali-metal GIC’s is shown to be MC14×n at ambient pressure, but MCn at higher hydrostatic pressure. Comparison is made of the theoretical results with the experimental ones at finite temperatures.
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  • Fusayoshi J. Ohkawa
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1389-1396
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A Fermi liquid description of a periodic Anderson Hamiltonian is presented by following Luttinger. The Fermi surface sum rule is proved. It is shown that the specific heat coefficient and the static spin susceptibility at the absolute zero temperature are related with the expansion coefficients of the self-energy of f electrons. The expansion coefficients are estimated in the single-site approximation for Coulomb correlation larger than the width of conduction bands.
    A possibility is pointed out that two or more than two conduction bands play a role in metallic valence fluctuating rare-earth compounds. The effective mass of quasi-particles depends on the separation between conduction bands.
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  • Kazutaka Tsuji, Yoshimasa Kumashiro, Shuzo Takano
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1397-1405
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    The band edge structures of p-Pb1−xGexTe are studied by measuring the quantum oscillations of the sound velocity and the RF-surface impedance for five different values of x at 1.4 K. The angular dependences of the periods become more complicated as x increased. This could be related to the valley-splittings due to the phase transition. For the large value of x(x\simeq0.028), the extra branches of the periods appear clearly which could be explained by taking account of the domain structure in the rhombohedral phase. The order parameter of the phase transition is determined as a function of the transition temperature. The values of the optical and shear deformation potential constants are determined to be Ξ=(16.8±1.0) eV and Dav=(11.7±1.0) eV, respectively.
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  • N. Lenge, H. Kronmüller, F. Walz
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1406-1414
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    Measurements of electric conductivity and magnetic after-effect have been performed on single crystalline magnetite in order to obtain more information on the conductivity mechanisms below the Verwey temperature Tv≈124 K. Depending on the stoichiometry of the material, two or three temperature ranges were detected which are characterized by different magnetic relaxation processes and within which the conductivity follows Mott’s T1⁄4-law as derived for the case of multi-range electron hopping. By combined measurements of the electrical conductivity and of the magnetic after-effects the activation energies for intra-atomic electronic excitations and inter-atomic hopping transitions of electrons were determined.
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  • Yoshimasa Isawa, Hidetoshi Fukuyama
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1415-1428
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    Higher order interaction effects have been examined in two- and three-dimensional weakly localized regime for the case of Coulomb interactions. The quantum corrections of the conductivity and the magnetoresistance are determined to the linear order of λ=h⁄2πεFτ, εF and τ being the Fermi energy and the life time, respectively, but to the infinite order in the interaction strength, F.
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  • Arisato Kawabata
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1429-1433
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    Behaviors of conductivity and dielectric constant near Anderson transition are investigated within one-electron theory using renormalization group technique. It is shown that conductivity and dielectric constant depend on a controllable parameter x like σ0|xxc|s and χ0|xxc|−2s, respectively, and that the prefactors satisfy the relation σ0\sqrtχ0=C\sqrtν0 where ν0 is the density of state at Fermi level and C is a constant which is independent of the details of the microscopic structure of the system. In the absence of magnetic field and magnetic scattering of electrons, for instance, C is e3(2⁄π3)1⁄2⁄h.
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  • Kazuo Mizuno, Takafumi Aomine
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1434-1438
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The temperature Tb dependence of current density j at the boundary of hotspot has been measured for granular aluminum thin films immersed in superfluid helium, whose temperature is Tb. The thickness d dependence of j-Tb characteristics, shows that the heat transfer from hotspot to superfluid helium, is almost limited by the thermal resistance between the electrons and lattice for thin films, d=14 and 28 nm. But, for a thicker film, d=112 nm, the Kapitza resistance must be considered in addition to the above thermal resistance.
    Close to the superconducting transition temperature Tc, a finite region of Tb in which j is proportional to (TcTb)3⁄2, has been found. This characteristic is explained by theoretical results derived under the assumption that Joule heating depends not only on current density but also on temperature of the electrons.
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  • Kazuhiko Yamashita
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1439-1443
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    Transient phenomena in the superconducting systems with surface are treated as the behavior of topological surface singularities with finite lifetime in the framework of boson transformation method. The explicit expressions for the magnetic field, electric field, current density and charge density are presented in the system which has plane singularity. The transient phenomena for the superconductor with surface to which external magnetic field is applied at t=0 are estimated by means of numerical calculation.
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  • Kazuo Watanabe, Koshichi Noto, Naoki Toyota, Yoshio Muto
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1444-1447
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    The previously measured Hc2(T) in amorphous pure Bi, Bi75Pb25, Bi50Pb50 and Bi30Pb70 showed the upward deviation from the dirty limit values predicted by the Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg theory. The strong coupling effect was taken into account at that time for this enhancement of Hc2(T), but it has recently been shown that the distribution of electrical diffusivity might be important and intrinsic in these metastable phases. Our experimental results are reexamined on the basis of this model, that is, the enhancement of Hc2(T) is caused by the inhomogeneous spatial distribution of electrical diffusivity. It is found that the amorphous Bi–Pb system has the similar distribution of electrical diffusivity, while the amorphous pure Bi has a different one.
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  • Shin’ichi Takeda, Shigeki Matsunaga, Shigeru Tamaki
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1448-1452
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    The magnetic susceptibility of liquid Na–Sn alloys has been measured as a function of temperature and concentration. The curve of susceptibility isotherm exhibits a distinct minimum around the composition of Na4Sn3 near the liquidus temperature. At the same composition, the remarkable temperature dependence has also been observed, and the minimum point in the susceptibility isotherm shifts from Na4Sn3 to NaSn at higher temperatures. This large temperature variation has been explained in terms of the partial dissociation of the compound-forming liquid alloy.
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  • Yoshitoshi Muraoka, Hiroyuki Okuda, Masayuki Shiga, Yoji Nakamura
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1453-1458
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    Magnetic properties of GdxY1−xCo2 with x≤0.2 were studied by means of magnetic, thermal expansion and forced magnetostriction measurements. Spontaneous magnetization disappears for x≤0.15. Maxima of magnetization were observed for 0.05≤x≤0.175 in the thermomagnetic curves at 100 Oe. Negative volume changes on the application of a magnetic field were detected for all samples except for x=0.15, where a positive volume change was observed at low fields. These results are ascribed to magnetic cluster glasses.
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  • Satoru Ohno
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1459-1464
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    The enhancement of the susceptibilities of liquid In, Sn and Sb by the addition of transition metal solutes decreases with increasing the valence electron number of solvent metals. That of Mn, Fe, Co and Ni solutes exhibits a rapid increase on going from liquid Sb to liquid Te solvent, while that of V and Cr solutes exhibits a slight decrease. On the basis of the Anderson model, the trend of the enhancement of susceptibilities is explained by the variation of (U+4J)⁄Δ and Nd.
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  • Hideoki Kadomatsu, Toshihiko Tokunaga, Hiroshi Fujiwara
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1465-1471
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    The magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy difference ΔEa between the ⟨111⟩ and ⟨100⟩ directions and its field dependence dΔEa⁄dH of Ni–Pd alloys have been studied in the temperature range from 4.2 K to 300 K and the magnetic field up to 20 kOe. At the concentration near 48 at%Pd, ΔEa shows the change in sign and has the extreme values, −5.1×105 erg/cm3 and +3.2×105 erg/cm3, at about 20 at%Pd and 60 at%Pd, respectively. Temperature dependence of ΔEa is very steep in Ni rich region and gentle in Pd rich region. At the concentration near 60 at%Pd, dΔEa⁄dH shows the change in sign and have the extreme values −0.67 erg/cm3 Oe and +0.50 erg/cm3 Oe at about 40 at%Pd and 70 at%Pd, respectively.
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  • Norikazu Ishimura
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1472-1479
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A one-dimensional Ising chain in which nearest neighbour (n.n.) and next nearest neighbour (n.n.n.) exchange interactions depend linearly on the distance between the spins is considered. The magnetic field and temperature dependence of the chain length is exactly calculated by use of a transfer matrix. It is shown that the chain length changes variously because of the competition among the n.n. and n.n.n. exchange interactions and the magnetic field. The zero-temperature phase diagram is also determined, which is composed of four spin states ↑, ↑↓, ↑↑↓ and ↑↑↓↓ (the smallest units of repetitions are shown). Dimerization and trimerization of the lattice are found in the ↑↑↓↓ and ↑↑↓ states respectively.
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  • Kazuyoshi Takeda, Koji Ubukoshi, Taiichiro Haseda, Kinshiro Hirakawa
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1480-1486
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    Heat capacity has been measured for the two-dimensional triangular Heisenberg antiferromagnets VX2 (X; Cl, Br and I) below 60 K. A distinct λ-type peak has been observed at the respective transition temperatures; 35.4±0.5 K for VCl2, 28.8±0.4 K for VBr2 and 14.7±0.06 K for VI2. The entropy change consumed in the ordering process has been revealed to be quite small suggesting the frustrated character of spin correlations. In VI2, another strong peak suggesting the transition of the first kind has been found at 13.50±0.06 K. The heat capacity C below 5 K is reproduced by CR=hT−2+bT3. From the value of h, the hyperfine field Hh at V51 nucleus is evaluated to be Hh=82±8 kOe for VCl2 and VBr2. Most of the bT3 is attributed to the lattice contribution.
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  • Keizo Endo, Akira Shinogi, Kiyoshi Ooiwa, Muneyuki Date, Kazuo Hiramot ...
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1487-1494
    Published: April 15, 1984
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    The coexistence of ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic Co is found in a pseudobinary alloy CoTi1−xAlx by means of magnetization measurement and NMR of Co59. The dependence of the component of the ferromagnetic Co on external field and on composition x result in a critical field Hc and a critical composition xc where the magnetic state of Co in the alloy takes place transition from nonmagnetic state to ferromagnetic one or vice versa. The nonmagnetic state of Co at x=0.6 is identified with the strongly paramagnetic and exchange enhanced state with Stoner factor of 24.
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  • Sanshiro Sako, Keisaku Kimura
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1495-1503
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The conduction-electron spin resonance (CESR) of Mg arid Ca fine particles produced by the gas evaporation technique was observed at 9.1 GHz in the temperature range from 2.7 K to room temperature and at 35 GHz at room temperature. In Mg fine particles, a broad and an anomalous narrow resonance lines were observed one over the other. The former showed the same Pauli paramagnetic behavior as the bulk metal in the temperature dependence, and the latter the increase of the absorption intensity with decreasing temperature like the Curie law. In Ca fine particles, only the anomalous narrow line was observed. Those narrow lines were thought to be due to the smallness of size and be composed of numerous spin packets with different g values and linewidths, and are discussed in relation to the quantum size effect.
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  • Nobumori Kinoshita, Madoka Tokumoto, Hiroyuki Anzai, Takehiko Ishiguro ...
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1504-1512
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Measurements and comparisons were performed at 4.2 K on the ESR g tensor both of a single crystal of bis-(tetramethyltetraselenafulvalenium) perchlorate, (TMTSF)2ClO4, and its acetone solution in which cations exist in the form of TMTSF+. The results showed that there was no wide difference between the g anisotropy of the single crystal and solution. This fact suggests that the electronic states of (TMTSF)+ can be used as a substitute for (TMTSF)2ClO4 as long as g factors are concerned. The g factors, calculated from molecular orbitals (MO) of a TSF+ cation which were computed using semi-empirical SCF method, were then fitted to those of the single crystal, and π-electron distribution was decided from the highest occupied MO.
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  • Tomoyuki Hikita
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1513-1523
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Attenuation and dispersion of the longitudinal phonons of the [100] propagation in NH4Cl were investigated by the Brillouin scattering of the back scattering geometry (∼33 GHz) and by that of the nearly forward (θ=8°) scattering (∼2.3 GHz). The velocity obtained from the back scattering shows a temperature dependence almost the same as that from the right angle scattering. The velocity at 2.3 GHz shows an intermediate behavior between those of the ultrasonic measurements and of the back Brillouin scattering. The temperature dependence of the phonon decay rate shows behavior different from that predicted by the classical theory of sound attenuation and dispersion due to relaxation. The increase in the velocity in the ordered phase was interpreted by the compressible Ising model proposed by Garland and Renard.
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  • Tomoyuki Hikita, Akinori Iwasaki, Takuro Ikeda
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1524-1530
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Elastic stiffness c66E of KH2PO4 was measured at 10 MHz simultaneously with the dielectric constant εc as a function of temperature at several fixed hydrostatic pressures. As predicted by the Landau theory, no distinct discontinuous change was observed in the elastic Curie constant A(p) and the dielectric Curie constant C(p) of the paraelectric phase around the tricritical point. The elastic Curie constant decreases with pressure as (A(p)−1A(0)−1)⁄A(0)−1A(0)−1=(0.065±0.014)p. The piezoelectric strain constant b36(p) which is defined by the relation A(p)=b36(p)2C(p) was found to decrease with pressure as (b36(p)−b36(0))⁄b36(0)=(−0.028±0.008)p.
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  • Kenji Uchino
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1531-1535
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The electric-displacement-related electrostrictive coefficient Qh of a rocksalt-type oxide, MgO, has been determined as 0.16 m4C−2 by measuring the hydrostatic pressure dependence of the reciprocal permittivity (Qh=(1⁄2)[∂(1⁄ε0ε)⁄∂p]). Comparing the Qh values of several rocksalt- and perovskite-type fluorides and oxides, a general empirical rule is proposed that the electrostrictive coefficient of fluorides is larger than that of oxides with the same crystal structure and the Qh of the rocksalt is larger than that of the perovskite. A simple shell model can describe this general tendency in conjunction with the Born-Mayer potential, where the electrostrictive coefficient is represented in proportion to a5Z2 (a: cation-anion distance; Z: ionic valence).
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  • Shoichiro Sakoda
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1536-1541
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A reflection coefficient of a CdS plate in the region above the longitudinal energy hωl of the A(n=1) exciton is resolved into partial coefficients. Thereby the origin of the interference structure is revealed in accordance with the assertions proposed by Kiselev et al.
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  • Kenzo Naito, Akito Kakizaki, Tatsuya Miya, Hidenao Sugawara, Ichiro Na ...
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1542-1547
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Photoelectron spectra of a glassy metal, Ni40Fe40P14B6, have been measured over the excitation-energy range from 30 to 120 eV. The observed overall feature of the valence-band spectrum coincides with that of the reported XPS data, except that a weak broad band extending from 4 to 10 eV is found here. The main 3d-band shows a composite structure; different component-bands have different dependences of ionization cross-sections on the excitation energy. Weak resonant enhancement in the ionization cross-section is found in all the spectral features for excitations around the 3p thresholds of both Fe and Ni. The location of the peak enhanced in the weak-broad-band region upon excitations around the threshold of the Fe 3p-excitation is different from that enhanced upon excitations around the threshold of the Ni 3p-excitation.
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  • Nobuhito Ohno, Masashi Yoshida, Kaizo Nakamura, Jun’ichiro Nakah ...
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1548-1556
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Magneto-reflectance of the direct excitons in InI and InBr is investigated in magnetic fields up to 15T at LHeT. Oscillatory structure which corresponds to the ns exciton states appears in magnetic fields in both halides. Their exciton energies are characterized by a hydrogenic exciton series in spite of the strongly anisotropic media. The binding energy of the exciton is determined as 4.2 meV, the reduced mass as 0.17m0 and the dielectric constant effective to the exciton binding as 24 in InI. They are 11.6 meV, 0.26m0 and 18 in InBr. In InI, the energy of the ns exciton state in the low field connects smoothly to that of the N=n−2 Landau-like state in the high field region. Moreover, in InI, the oscillatory structure is accompanied by a subsidiary peak on the high energy side in high fields.
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  • Masae Takahashi, Takashi Takahashi, Fumio Tokunaga, Kentaro Murano, Ka ...
    1984 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 1557-1564
    Published: April 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The two external point-charge (TEPC) model for bacteriorhodopsin (bR) has been examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and CNDO/S molecular orbital calculations. A main concern was given to a point charge near the β-ionone ring. XPS measurements were carried out on fluorophenyl retinal (F-ret) and their derivatives (Schiff base, protonated Schiff base and bacteriorhodopsin analogues (F-bR)), paying close attention to the chemical shift of the F 1s core level. No meaningful differences were observed among these species although numerical calculations on an assumption of the TEPC model have predicted the chemical shift of about 3 eV between F-ret and F-bR. This fact has arisen a serious question to the validity of the TEPC model. The same conclusion has been reached by the present study of absorption maxima of F-ret and their derivatives.
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