Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
Volume 55, Issue 9
Displaying 1-45 of 45 articles from this issue
  • Yasuhiro Akutsu, Atsuo Kuniba, Miki Wadati
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 2907-2910
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    It is shown that an exactly solvable inhomogeneous eight-vertex SOS (8VSOS) model (Z-invariant 8VSOS model) reproduces most of the konwn hierarchies of solvable IRF spin models. It is also shown that the Z-invariance gives a simple explanation for the coincidence found by Baxter and Andrews between the expressions of the local spin densities for the two different hierarchies of the IRF models, the Gordon-Generalization hierarchy and the Andrews-Baxter-Forrester hierarchy.
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  • Hideki Yoshizawa, Setsuo Mitsuda, Yoshichika \={O}nuki, Takemi Komatsu ...
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 2911-2914
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Magnetic structure of NdCu6 at the low temperature phase is determined at T=4.6 K by neutron scattering experiments on a powder as well as a single crystal sample. A size of magnetic unit cell is the same with that of chemical unit cell. A four sublattice model which was suggested to explain the metamagnetic behavior was excluded.
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  • Norichika Ohmi, Masashi Hayakawa, Jinsuke Ohtsu
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 2915-2918
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Quasi-electrostatic half-gyrofrequency whistler-mode VLF emissions with wave normals close to the oblique resonance cone (θres) have been found to be unstable for the two-component (cold and anisotropic lower-energy hot electrons) magnetospheric plasma. The present paper deals theoretically with the electric field polarization of half-gyrofrequency whistler-mode waves in such an unstable plasma, by means of numerically solving the full dispersion relation. At wave normal angles relatively away from θres, there exists no effect of hot electrons on the polarization. When the wave normal angle further increases above a specific value (smaller by 5–10° from θres) where we have wave growth, we expect the deformation of electric field polarization from that predicted by cold plasma theory; the wave becomes more transverse. The deformation becomes more pronounced for more populated hot electrons with fixed cold plasma density.
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  • Fujio Kako, Keiichi Muroya, Shinsuke Watanabe
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 2919-2927
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    We have experimentally investigated scattering of lattice soliton due to mass interface by using a nonlinear LC circuit which is equivalent to the Toda lattice. When a soliton travels into a lighter mass region, the transmitted wave breaks into multiple solitons plus a wave packet, and the reflected wave develops into a wave packet. If a soliton is propagated into the lattice with heavier mass, the reflected wave as well as the transmitted wave evolves into a soliton and a wave packet. The experimental result is qualitatively explained by the K-dV approximation of the lattice under the linearized boundary condition. The discrepancy between the observed soliton amplitude and the K-dV approximation becomes appreciable when the incident soliton amplitude is increased. This discrepancy comes from the breakdown of the linearized boundary condition at the interface.
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  • Fujio Kako, Makoto Miyakawa, Shinsuke Watanabe
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 2928-2936
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    By connecting three lines of nonlinear LC circuit at one point, we investigate experimentally and numerically the propagation of soliton through the junction. We send solitons of equal amplitude from two of the three lines, let them collide at the junction and observe a transmitted soliton on the third line. It is confirmed that the amplitude of the transmitted soliton normalized by the incident soliton increases with the amplitude of the initial soliton. This increase is explained by nonlinear relation between soliton energy and amplitude. The present method is useful to obtain large soliton by the collision of small solitons.
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  • Yasuo Morimoto
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 2937-2944
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    Quasi-periodic oscillation transforms into fundamental oscillation when external force exceeds critical value in forced van der Pol oscillator. This transition is theoretically derived from stability analyses of the above two stationary solutions. Numerical analyses reveal various transition phenomena associated with destabilization of the quasi-periodic oscillation, which have not been predicted theoretically. These phenomena indicate a failure of conventional stationary oscillation analyses near the critical value of the external force.
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  • Yoshimi Tsuchiya, Shigetake Horie
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 2945-2954
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    We have experimentally studied an evolution process of the Williams domain. A Fourier spectrum, which reflects a periodical structure of the striped pattern, has been obtained from a sequential data representing one dimensional pattern intensity. The evolution process of the line spectrum has been analyzed and temporal changes of the integrated intensity, the peak wave number, the half width and the line shape have been made clear for various applied voltages, especially, near the threshold. Furthermore, it has been found that the evolution process of the integrated intensity is expressed by a scale function and the line shape of the spectrum is a Lorenzian through the evolution process except its initial stage.
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  • Masaharu Ohba, Kiyoshi Arakawa
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 2955-2962
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    It is shown that the asymptotic properties of the reference interaction site model (RISM)-2 type integral equations for polyatomic molecular fluids are quite similar to those of simple fluids. The exact asymptotic form of the new site-site direct correlation function Cαγ(r), which is defined by the site-site Ornstein-Zernike equation, is given by using the exact asymptotic form of the site-site total correlation function. The result is Cαγ(r)\simeq−U(1, 2)⁄kBT for nonpolar fluids composed of homonuclear diatomic molecules as well as heteronuclear diatomic molecules, where U(1, 2) is an intermolecular potential, kB the Boltzmann constant and T the absolute temperature. The asymptotic form of Cαγ(r) given by the RISM-2 approximations is found to be in accordance with the exact result. Thus, the RISM-2 theory is concluded to have no theoretical inconsistency like that in the RISM-1 theory.
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  • Masakazu Ichiyanagi
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 2963-2976
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    A new method is presented of calculating nonlinear responses to external perturbations, which is based on the theory of explicitly time-dependent dynamical invariant. In terms of dynamical invariants, a general form of nonequilibrium density matrix is given. This general formalism is examined in detail. A generalization of Onsager reciprocity relations and an evolution criterion of macroscopic systems are presented. The arguments are illustrated by applying the new method to derive generalized Langevin equations. The present theory is thus appropriate for the microscopic description of nonlinear nonequilibrium thermodynamics.
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  • Yoshimi Funayama, Masanobu Tamada
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 2977-2995
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The behaviour of shower development in an emulsion chamber is studied on high energy showers observed in families with ΣE(γ)≥100 TeV. About 1⁄4∼1⁄3 of penetrating showers with E(γ)≥10 TeV were observed to be exotic ones, which penetrate down into the lower detector showing rejuvenation of themselves. Comparing with the simulation, they show stronger penetrating power than a pure cascade shower, as if they contain a new source of gamma-rays. Microscopic observation in the lower detector confirms young shower cores from such new sources. Hadrons with their successive interactions are not frequent enough to explain the phenomena. A possible interpretation is that they are initiated by a narrow beam of a hadron and a gamma-ray (or an electron) in close association.
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  • Masanobu Tamada, Yoshimi Funayama
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 2996-3007
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Correlations in relative (energy-weighted) distance between hadrons and electromagnetic particles are studied in the families observed in Chacaltaya emulsion chamber experiment. It is found that the observed number of hadrons which accompany electromagnetic in very close vicinity, say \lesssim1 mm, is far larger than that in the background distribution. The chance probability to have such large number of shower-accompanied hadrons, expected from background calculation, is found to be negligibly small, \lesssim10−5, and it means there exists anomalous correlation between hadrons and electromagnetic particles in the characteristic spread of atmospheric electromagnetic cascade. The results are also compared with those of Japan-USSR joint chamber exposed at Pamir observatory.
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  • M. Z. Rahman Khan, M. Shoeb
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3008-3013
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    On the basis of very general considerations, a semi-empirical formula for Λ binding energy in hypernuclei has been obtained. The parameters in the formula have been fixed from a χ2 fit to the BΛ of the heavier p-shell hypernuclei (A>8). The Λ binding in Λ32S and spallation hypernuclei (60<A<100) predicted by the formula are fairly close to their respective experimental values. The empirical value of DΛ turns out to be 31.6 MeV. The analysis further shows that on account of the large uncertainties of the BΞ data, empirical value of DΞ can not be uniquely determined. However, the value of DΞ is definitely smaller than DΛ.
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  • Hirokane Kawakami, Seiichi Shibata, Jinichi Tanaka, Tamotsu Toriyama, ...
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3014-3020
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Direct measurement of the β+ spectrum of 60Zn has been carried out with an online isotope separator. Radioactive 60Zn was produced by the reaction of natNi(α, xn)60Zn. Emitted β- and γ-rays were measured with a planar type Ge(Li) and a coaxial type Ge(Li) detectors, respectively. Observed β+ spectrum was decomposed by the method of Rehfield. The end-point energies of the analyzed spectra were obtained to be 3.082±0.064 MeV and 2.484±0.059 MeV, respectively. Assuming that the highest component of positrons feeds the 62 keV level in 60Cu, the Q-value of the β+ decay of 60Zn was determined to be 4.166±0.064 MeV.
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  • Tadashi Shimoda, Kenji Katori, Tomokazu Fukuda, Hiroshi Ogata, Susumu ...
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3021-3030
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    Alpha-16O correlation measurements have been performed to investigate whether the projectile breakup process takes place sequentially or directly in the 20Ne+40Ca reaction at 92, 149 and 213 MeV. For the three-body final channel α+16O(g.s.)+40Ca(g.s.) (elastic breakup channel), which has much larger cross section than the other channels, the coincidence events have been analyzed. By examining carefully the relative energy spectra between α and 16O, it was found that the sequential breakup process via the excited states of 20Ne at 5.78 (Jπ=1, Kπ=0), 6.72 (0+, 02+), 7.17 (3, 0), 8.78 (6+, 01+), 10.26 (5, 0) and 11.95 (8+, 01+) MeV was dominant at the all incident energies. The direct breakup process which proceeds without any concern with the excited states of 20Ne has not been observed with the sensitivity of the present measurement.
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  • Hiroyuki Nishimura, Atsunori Danjo
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3031-3036
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Differential cross section(DCS) for the electron-impact H2(b3Σu+) excitation has been measured in the incident energy range from 12 to 60 eV and in the angular range from 10° to 130°. The electron transmission efficiency of the energy analyzer was calibrated using the secondary electron emission cross sections from N2 molecule. The inelastic DCS is normalized to the absolute H2 elastic DCS. Integral cross section is derived from the measured DCS. Measured DCS is compared with other experimental and theoretical results.
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  • Yasufumi Suzuki, Takeomi Kaneko, Michio Tomita, Masakatsu Sakisaka
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3037-3044
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Dissociated fragments, neutral particles and ionized target atoms resulting from the collisions of H2+ ions with He, Ne and Ar atoms are measured in the energy range from 4 to 16 keV as a function of the target thickness, and the cross sections of electron capture and dissociation with and without target ionization are derived by solving a set of the rate equations. Most of the cross section values are found crudely independent of the ion energy, and the processes are commonly treated in a framework of classical one electron model.
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  • Takashi Matsuo, Nobuo Kobayashi, Yozaburo Kaneko
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3045-3053
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    Translational energies of Ar atoms produced by charge transfer reactions in Ar++N2 and Ar++O2 collisions were measured with a time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometer in the energy region of several 10 eV. The observed TOF spectra showed that two endoergic channels, Ar+(2P3⁄2)+N2→Ar+N2+(X2Σg+, v=1) and Ar+(2P1⁄2)+N2→Ar+N2+ (X2Σg+, v=2), dominate the charge transfer reaction of Ar++N2 in this energy region. In the Ar++O2, the metastable O2+(a4Πu) state was considered to be preferentially produced rather than the electronic ground state O2+(X2Πg). Besides, the neutral spectra showed possible production of the excited O2+(A2Πu) state.
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  • Takeshi Mukoyama
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3054-3058
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    A Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the vacancy cascade of Xe atom following inner-shell ionization. The calculations have been made by tracing successive radiative and Auger transitions. The effect of electron shakeoff is taken into account. The calculated charge distributions of ions are in good agreement with the experimental results following internal conversion of 131mXe and X-ray photoionization of Xe gas.
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  • Michio Yamada
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3059-3065
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    A fundamental equation of the phase dynamics is derived for a class of periodic structures by a systematic application of the multiple-scale expansion method, in which the instantaneous rate of change of the phase is shown to be determined only by the local values of spatial derivatives of the phase itself. The analys is shows that the phase equation is inapplicable to conservative systems. The expansion method is also applied to a class of forced periodic structures, and the same type of equation is derived although the dependent variable then does not correspond to the phase of the periodic structure.
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  • Akira Yoshizawa
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3066-3072
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    A numerical simulation model for turbulent thermally buoyant flows is constructed with the aid of the statistical results. In this model, the mean velocity, the mean temperature, the turbulent kinetic energy, the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy, and the temperature covariance constitute principal flow quantities. The present model takes into account the buoyancy effect of thermal stratification on Reynolds stress and turbulent heat flux. Moreover, it also includes the anisotropic effects which the usual isotropic eddy-viscosity and eddy-diffusivity representations cannot explain in the absence of buoyancy effect.
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  • Michio Yamada
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3073-3079
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    Nolinear stability theory is investigated for general parallel flows which are periodic in the direction normal to the stream. The method of expansion in terms of growth rate at the marginal stability point is employed, and then quantities are expanded in terms of wavenumber because the critical Reynolds number is typically determined by a long-wave disturbance. For general periodic flows, analytical formula is given to the Landau constant in the long-wave limit. Supercritical stability is concluded for a wide class of parallel periodic flows.
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  • Yoshimoto Onishi
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3080-3092
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    The steady behavior of a noncondensable gas contained in a vapor by a negligibly small amount is discussed in general terms based on kinetic theory when the Knudsen number of the system is small but the Reynolds number is finite. The macroscopic equations and the appropriate boundary conditions are derived for the description of the behavior of the noncondensable gas at the level of fluid dynamics together with the Knudsen layer corrections near the interfaces between the vapor and its condensed phases. The result shows that, in the present case, the behavior of the noncondensable gas is subject to the motion of the vapor and does not affect it at all. As expected, it indicates clearly the large variation of the number density and pressure of the noncondensable gas during the evaporation and condensation processes of the vapor. The half-space problem of evaporation and condensation is treated briefly as an example of this general analysis to show explicitly some of the qualitative nature of the noncondensable gas.
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  • Michio Matsumoto, Kazuo Sakai, Satoshi Takeuchi
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3093-3100
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    The growth of ion Bernstein wave by a magnetosonic pump wave (k0, ω0) in a uniformly magnetized plasma is discussed in a non-dipole approximation, i.e., k0\ eweq0. The pump wave is assumed with ω0\simeq2Ω0 and k0B0, where Ω0 is the ion cyclotron frequency in the static magnetic field B0. The growth rate is discussed in the first order of magnitude of k0. The analysis is based on a method of the time-integration along dynamical trajectories of particles in both B0 and the pump wave field.
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  • Kimitaka Itoh, Sanae-I. Itoh, R. M. Kulsrud
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3101-3107
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    The effects of the radial electric field on the ripple transport in the stellarator/heliotron are studied. The pitch angle dependence of the detrapping frequency is kept and the transport coefficient is calculated for the arbitrary values of ΩE⁄νeff (ΩE: Er×B rotation frequency νeff: effective collision frequency of ripple-trapped particles). A simple interpolation formula is derived and the electron energy confinement time is estimated.
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  • Minoru Tanaka
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3108-3116
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    Analysis of the distribution of the Voronoi polyhedron is made for the computer simulated states of liquid rubidium in the rapid-quenching process from the melting point down to near the liquid helium temperature. The mean values of the numbers of faces and vertices per polyhedron decrease monotonously from the initial liquid state to the final quenched one, and for both the characteristics the slope of decrease changes around the temperature where the Wendt-Abraham parameter gmingmax changes its slope. The number of pentagonal faces per polyhedron and the population of quasi-dodecahedra increase substantially below this temperature. Statistics of the topological characteristics of Voronoi polyhedra in the final quenched state shows clear difference in the short-range order between the amorphous and the liquid states.
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  • Gang Sun, Takehiko Oguchi
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3117-3122
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    We calculated coefficients in the high temperature series expansions of susceptibility of the Ising models on several square lattices which have the periodically distributed frustrations. Using these series expansions, we obtained the transition temperatures and the critical exponents by the ratio method. We could confirm the relation between critical temperature and the frustration. The same method was also applied to several three dimensional lattices which have the regularly distributed frustration.
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  • Mitsuto Fukuma, Satoshi Takada
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3123-3142
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    Quantum statistical mechanics of soliton systems is developed in the path integral formalizm by making use of the non-canonical collective coordinate method. The free energy is calculated in the ideal-gas approximation up to the order of two-loop. Explicit calculations are given for the sine-Gordon model. The classical limit of the present quantum calculation agrees with the exact result of the low-temperature expansion of the transfer-integral method. Numerical calculation reveals the quantum effect on the specific heat.
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  • Riki Kawashima, Toyohiro Uchiumi
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3143-3150
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    The temperature and frequency dependence of AC conductivity along the c-axis of rubidium nitrate crystal has been measured in the range from 3 Hz to 100 kHz. The anomalous behavior in the AC conductivity near the successive first order phase transition points is found. Results are analyzed in terms of complex conductivity and discussed in relation to the structural change of the crystal.
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  • Tetsuro Saso, Yoshikazu Suzumura
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3151-3164
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    Effects of random impurities on one-dimensional interacting electron systems are studied by use of the quantum Monte Carlo method and the phase variable representation of charge density and superconducting fluctuations. The impurities pin the phase variable of charge density fluctuation, whereas the quantum fluctuation around the pinned state reduces the pinning effect yielding increase of the superconducting fluctuation since the charge density and the superconducting fluctuations are complementary to each other. Such interplay between randomness and interactions is shown explicitly by calculating spatial dependence of quantum fluctuations, metastable states and correlation functions for superconductivity. Quantum character of metastable states is discussed. It is found that superconducting state is more sensitive to impurities than charge density wave state when the interaction between electrons is weak.
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  • Yosikazu Isikawa, Katsunori Mori, Akiyoshi Fujii, Kiyoo Sato
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3165-3173
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    Temperature dependences of the resistivity and the susceptibility of single crystals of solid solution La1−xCexNi have been measured in the temperature range 2–300 K. We have obtained a phase diagram of La1−xCexNi which is consisted of three parts; (1) isolated Kondo region (x<0.6 and whole temperature region), where each 4f electron is in a localized trivalent state, (2) fairly isolated dense Kondo region (x>0.6 and high temperature region), where the 4f electron behaves as fairly localized electron although the valence of the Ce ion is more than three and (3) Kondo lattice region (x>0.6 and low temperature region), where the 4f state becomes a delocalized state.
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  • Kazuhiko Kawakami, Yoshio Sakai, Nobuo Tsuda
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3174-3180
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    Thermoelectric power and electrical resistivity were measured for sintered LixZn1−xV2O4(0≤x≤1). From the temperature and the compositional dependences of the Seebeck coefficient, it is inferred that the metal-insulator transition occurs at 0.3<x<0.4. However, there was no abrupt change in the resistivity. To explain the temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient, random distribution of low excited localized states was postulated and the transition seems to be of Mott-Anderson type.
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  • Yoshio Sakai, Kazuhiro Kaneda, Nobuo Tsuda, Midori Tanaka
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3181-3187
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    The electrical resistivity and the Seebeck coefficient of both stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric YFe2O4 were measured in the temperature range 140 to 290 K. The activation type conduction was observed with the activation energy of 0.22 eV above TN for both oxides. Below TN, the conduction in the nonstoichiometric oxide is probably due to the variable range hopping in the two dimensional lattice. Resistivity of the stoichiometric oxide obeys the Hurd’s model superficially. However, it will not be the atomic vibration effect but would be the gap narrowing effect.
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  • Uichiro Mizutani, Junichiro Hashizume, Takeshi Matsuda
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3188-3193
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    Both electronic structure and electron transport properties in the amorphous Cu–Mg alloys have been studied, using flash-evaporated thin films and melt-spun ribbons. The Hall effect measurements revealed the validity of the free electron model in this system. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity of the amorphous bulk sample can be well explained in the context of the generalized Faber-Ziman theory. However, a substantial deviation from this prediction occurs at low temperatures in thin film samples, when the film thickness is reduced below 500 A. The deviation is attributed to the two-dimensional weak localization effect. The critical temperature TD, at which the upturn deviation becomes noticeable, is found to increase sharply with increasing the sheet resistance. Its value reached about 50 K for the 50 A amorphous Cu0.4Mg0.6 alloy.
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  • Sadamichi Maekawa, Shin-ichi Kashiba, Masashi Tachiki, Saburo Takahash ...
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3194-3198
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    The giant thermopower in metals with Ce3+ impurities is theoretically studied. The relaxation time of a conduction electron is calculated as a function of energy in the selfconsistent ladder approximation by applying Abrikosov’s pseudofermion technique to the Coqblin-Schrieffer exchange model with crystal field. The thermopower as well as the electrical resistivity exhibit universal behaviors if the crystal field is neglected. The crystal field induces the characteristic features and the anisotropy in the thermopower versus temperature curve. However, the sign of the thermopower is always positive in Ce system in contrast with Yb systems.
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  • Tsuneya Ando
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3199-3209
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    System-size dependence of diagonal and off-diagonal conductivities is studied by a numerical method in two-dimensional systems in magnetic fields. The diagonal conductivity is obtained by the Thouless number and the off-diagonal Hall conductivity is calculated directly from the Kubo formula. It is demonstrated that the conductivities cannot be considered independent scaling variables but vary along a scaling function with the increasing system size. Scaling functions are independent of impurity concentrations in strong magnetic fields but strongly influenced by level-mixing effects in weaker magnetic fields.
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  • Hideaki Kasai, Hiroshi Nakanishi, Ayao Okiji
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3210-3217
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    The ionization probability of atoms sputtered from metal surfaces is discussed in the framework of the time-dependent non-interacting Newns–Anderson Hamiltonian. Classical trajectory is used to describe the motion of the sputtered atom. Effects on the ionization probability are investigated of the interaction potential between the sputtered atom and the metal surface and of the surface temperature of the electron system. The interaction potential for the sputtered atom is assumed to be the same form as the metal surface potential for the electron affinity level of the sputtered atom. It is shown that a good account of the experimental data obtained by Yu for O sputtered from vanadium surface can be given by taking into account the effect of the interaction potential and by assuming high surface temperatures of the electron system.
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  • Hiroshi Maruyama, René Pauthenet, Jean-Claude Picoche, Osamu Ya ...
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3218-3224
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    In order to study the magnetic state of Fe–Ni Invar alloys at low temperatures in detail, magnetization measurements have been carried out on Fe–Ni alloys with the compositions from 34.2 to 45.0 at% Ni. A high-field hysteresis suggesting the coexistence of antiferromagnetism and ferromagnetism has been observed. The Néel temperature, TN, below which the antiferromagnetic phase is superposed on the ferromagnetic matrix, has been obtained as a function of Ni concentration. The high-field susceptibility has been determined to be independent of the crystallographic direction. A temperature hysteresis of magnetization under a fixed magnetic field has also been observed. These characteristic features are understandable by the idea that clusters of the antiferromagnetic phase are formed randomly in the ferromagnetic matrix.
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  • Yuji Matsuda, Toshiro Sakakibara, Tsuneaki Goto, Yuji Ito
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3225-3233
    Published: September 15, 1986
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    Electron spin resonance experiments have been performed on spin-Peierls compound MEM(TCNQ)2 at far infrared (H0=255 kOe) and X-band(H0=3.3 kOe) frequencies, with a special interest in the predicted high field incommensurate phase. The low field ESR revealed a rapid increase of the resonance width below the spin-Peierls transition temperature Tsp=17.8 K, while no change was observed in the high field experiments down to 4.2 K within the present experimental resolution ΔHres\simeq50 Oe (ΔHresH0\simeq2×10−4). It is most likely that the predicted incommensurate phase does not exist, and that the high temperature uniform phase survives at high field region down to the lowest temperature studied.
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  • Masayuki Kawakami
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3234-3243
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The 151Eu and 153Eu nuclear magnetic resonances (NMR) in the ferromagnetic state of EuSe were measured using a single-crystal sphere by the steady-state method over an applied magnetic field range of 0.65–2.1 T at 1.3 K. The 151Eu NMR signal is a single line, and the variation of its linewidth with applied field is quantitatively interpreted in terms of a line-broadening mechanism which is caused by the Suhl-Nakamura interaction. On the other hand, the 153Eu NMR signal exhibits quadrupole splittings in high field as has been reported previously, and the observed complicated lineshape in low field is interpreted in terms of the same line-broadening mechanism of the quadrupole-split component lines. The observed remarkable line-broadening in low field is attributed to magnon softening along ⟨111⟩ directions in this compound.
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  • Takashi Fujikawa
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3244-3257
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Intrinsic and extrinsic plasmon loss effects are discussed based on the theory proposed by the present author, both for surface and bulk plasmon loss observed in XPS spectra from deep cores. Two types of the incident X-ray polarization are considered here; one is normal to the surface, another is parallel to it. The angular distribution is also discussed for electrons emitted from the cores at various depth. Model calculations are carried out for the photoemission from Al K-shell, which show the importance of interference between intrinsic and extrinsic effects for any polarization, and any direction especially for the excitation by low energy photons. In this case loss spectra are featureless and would lost in the background.
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  • Bunji Mizuno, Katsumi Tanimura, Noriaki Itoh
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3258-3271
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Effects of electron excitation of self-trapped excitons on the π-luminescence and the optical absorption due to electron transition from their lowest excited states in RbCl have been investigated. Similarly to KCl and KBr, it is found that the yield of the F centers creation is the highest when the electron is excited to the 2pπu orbital lying in the (100) plane. The experimental results are analyzed using kinetic equations involving the non-radiative transitions between the excited states of the self-trapped exciton and the transitions to the F-H pair and to the ground state. The general trend of the non-radiative de-excitation process in RbCl is found to be similar to that in KCl, except that the reorientation is induced when the electron is excited to the 2pπu orbital lying in the (110) plane. It is suggested that the reorientation is induced by the configuration interaction or the Auger transition in which a hole excited state is involved.
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  • Hatsuo Hayashi, Satoru Ishizuka, Kazuyoshi Hirakawa
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3272-3278
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Three kinds of chaotic responses of Onchidium pacemaker neuron to a sinusoidal current stimulation have been classified by means of stroboscopic mapping. The map, however, failed to show that the random alternation between harmonics is a deterministic chaos. In this paper, trajectories in a three-dimensional phase space, (I, V, \dotV), and return maps which are obtained from intersections between trajectories and a plane, \dotV=const., are investigated. The random alternation is also shown to be subject to a deterministic law. Moreover, all of the chaotic responses observed in the neuron are caused by instabilites of two kinds of harmonic responses and random jumps between the responses. Two types of instability were observed. Each combination of the two types of instability corresponds to each chaotic response.
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  • W.-H. Steeb, J. A. Louw, T. Kapitaniak
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3279-3280
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Masaru Aniya, Mitsuaki Ginoza
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3281-3282
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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  • Koichi Shindo, Atsushi Nishikawa, Akira Hasegawa
    1986 Volume 55 Issue 9 Pages 3283-3284
    Published: September 15, 1986
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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