Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
Volume 57, Issue 1
Displaying 1-50 of 59 articles from this issue
  • Masuo Suzuki
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 1-4
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A new method is proposed to estimate critical exponents by applying the CAM theory to continued-fraction expansions of static and dynamic response functions. Some mathematical and physical examples are studied utilizing this new method to demonstrate its usefulness.
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  • Toshimi Suda, Osamu Konno, Izumi Nomura, Toshiji Suzuki, Tatsuo Terasa ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 5-8
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Measurements of the cross sections of 10B(γ, p) and 10B(γ, pn) with tagged photons have been performed at Eγ=66∼103 MeV. The results of both the 10B(γ, p) and (γ, pn) measurement show the dominance of a two-nucleon photoabsorption process in this energy region.
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  • Kunihito Nagayama
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 9-12
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    An exact and analytical solution of the Riemann problem for solids has been obtained. It is assumed that the square of the acoustic impedance along an isentropic change of state can be expressed as the quadratic function of pressure. A Grüneisen-type equation of state calculated from this assumption has been used and the solution of the Riemann problem obtained after a rather simple calculation. The solution can also be extended to the case of powders, and a numerical example is presented for solid and porous aluminum.
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  • Masafumi Sera, Satoru Kunii, Tadao Kasuya
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 13-15
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    We have observed the oscillatory magnetostrictions of LaB6 and PrB6 single crystals. The de Haas van Alphen frequencies in LaB6 range from the order of 104 to 107 gauss and are related to the interconnecting neck orbit between spherical ellipsoids. In PrB6, only one de Haas van Alphen frequency of 1.4×106 gauss is observed. Both results agree well with the conventional de Haas van Alphen measurement but do not agree with the acoustic measurement.
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  • Yutaka Okabe, Komajiro Niizeki
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 16-19
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The critical properties of the Ising model on the Penrose lattice of a size up to 439,204 sites are studied by means of the Monte Carlo simulation. We make an analysis of a phenomenological Monte Carlo renormalization group based on finite-size scaling. The critical temperature Tc and the magnetic critical exponent yH are obtained to be (2.392±0.004)J and 1.89±0.02. The value of yH coincides with the value of a two-dimensional crystal, yH=1.875, within numerical accuracy.
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  • S. G. Chung, Thomas F. George
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 20-23
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Based on the generalized Levinson’s theorem, some general properties of quantum sticking coefficients of an atom at 0 K are derived. Good agreement is obtained with experimental results for a 4He atom colliding with a liquid 4He surface.
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  • Junji Sakurai, Yoshinori Yamamoto, Yukitomo Komura
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 24-25
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    The thermoelectric power of MnSi was measured from liquid He temperature to room temperature. The tangential line of thermoelectric power in the high-temperature region above TN is found not to pass the origin, in disagreement with Mott’s expression. This observation is discussed in connection with the spin fluctuation in the sample, and a new expression of the thermoelectric power taking into account the spin fluctuation is proposed.
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  • Kazunori Aoki, Keiichi Yamamoto, Nobumichi Mugibayashi
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 26-29
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The chaotic response of a current filament formed by impact ionization of neutral shallow donors in high-purity n-GaAs has been investigated at 4.2 K under a dark condition. Stable hysteresis of the S-shaped current-voltage characteristic is perturbed externally by applying ac and dc voltages of the form of Vo+Vac sin (2πfot). Bifurcation routes to chaos are investigated by varying Vo and fo simultaneously, in the range of 2 V\lesssimVo\lesssim3 V and 0.9 MHz\lesssimfo\lesssim1.43 MHz, respectively. A period-doubling bifurcation, alternating period-chaotic bifurcation sequence and extrinsic crisis between two limit cycles are observed.
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  • Yoshio Kitaoka, Shigeru Hiramatsu, Takayuki Kondo, Kunisuke Asayama
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 30-33
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The nuclear relaxation rate 1⁄T1 and the Knight shift have been studied for both the Cu–O plane and chain sites by Cu nuclear quadrupole (NQR) and magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Below Tc=92 K, 1⁄T1 for the plane site decreases markedly without the enhancement just below Tc characteristic for the BCS superconductor, and the Knight shift also shows a more rapid reduction than the BCS prediction, giving evidence of a dominant singlet pairing. In contrast, 1⁄T1 for the chain site shows a weak temperature dependence below Tc. This difference of the 1⁄T1 behavior for the plane and chain Cu sites is attributed to the difference of the relaxation processes, i.e., the magnetic and quadrupole relaxation processes, respectively. From both the behaviors of 1⁄T1 and the Knight shift at the plane site, it is pointed out that the Cooper pair may be of a d-type formed by a strong coupling with a large energy gap.
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  • Takeo Izuyama
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 34-37
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A theoretical model of the Bednorz-Müller system is considered. This is a two-dimensional electron lattice with alternating spin alignment containing a certain number of holes. The isolated holes are fermions with “spin” 1/2. A pair of holes with antiparallel spins falls into a tightly bound state; a charged boson. The condensate of the bosons of this kind forms a superfluid component. An energy gap exists in the excitation spectrum of the isolated holes constituting the normal component. The tightly bound character of the charged boson is reconfirmed by solving exactly the gap equation. The transition temperature is obtained from the condition of the zero gap.
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  • Kiichi Amaya, Mamoru Ishizuka, Tadao Nakagawa, Sachihito Saratani, Tos ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 38-41
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Magnetizations of the triangular antiferromagnets RbFeCl3 and RbFeBr3 are measured in pulsed high magnetic fields up to 40T at liquid 4He temperatures. In the case of RbFeCl3, the magnetization is found to increase almost linearly from the zero field, and to be flattened at some critical field of 14T. Further application of magnetic fields induces an anomalous double-step magnetization around 31T. The phenomenon is similar to the one which was found in CsFeCl3 at some higher magnetic field, but noteworthy is the existence of a fine structure in the anomalous magnetization of RbFeCl3. The anomaly has thus far not been observed for RbFeBr3 in the measured magnetic fields up to 85T.
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  • Masatoshi Imada
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 42-45
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A new hybrid-type algorithm is proposed for simulations of fermion lattices. The direct calculation of the matrix inversion operation is replaced with a stochastic iteration procedure. The computation time grows linearly with the increase of spatial system size. Applications to the Hubbard model on the 62, 122 and 162 square lattices are illustrated with no indication of enhancement for superconducting correlation in the non-half-filled band.
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  • Yoshihiro Yamada, Akihiko Sakata
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 46-49
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    From Nb NMR and magnetization measurements of the hexagonal C14 Nb1−yFe2+y compounds with y=−0.008∼0.002, the stoichiometric NbFe2, which was considered to be a paramagnet, has been found to be a weak antiferromagnet with a Néel temperature of about 10 K. The antiferromagnetism is suppressed by external magnetic fields higher than about 6 kOe. Furthermore, the Néel temperature decreases rapidly with deviating the composition from stoichiometry to the Nb-excess side, and at around y=−0.006 the compound becomes paramagnetic.
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  • Katsunori Iio, Hitoshi Hotta, Motoaki Sano, Hiroji Masuda, Hidekazu Ta ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 50-53
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Birefringence measurement was made on a triangular lattice antiferromagnet CsMnI3 at temperatures around the Néel point of 11.42 K. The birefringence for light propagating along the hexagonal c-axis shows that CsMnI3 has an intermediate ordered phase in the temperature region between 8.20±0.03 K and 11.42 K. Below 8.20 K CsMnI3 takes the orthorhombic spin structure of the triangular spin arrangement with the spin moments restricted in a plane perpendicular to the basal plane.
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  • Mikio Shimizu
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 54-56
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    An intensive broadening in line widths of the proton magnetic resonance (PMR) spectrum for the side chain of lysine in a mixture of lysine and UpU (the anticodonic dinucleoside monophosphate of lysine) suggests a specific association between UpU and lysine. The results of NOE (Nuclear Overhauser Effect) experiments also show a large distortion of the side chain of lysine in the pocket of UpU by the lock and key relationship, as indicated by model building. This confirms the validity of the application of the CPK molecular model building technique to the C4N theory on the origin of the genetic code.
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  • Tsutomu Kawata
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 57-65
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    A new derivation of the completeness relation for Jost functions is directly given by using the Riemann-Hilbert problems. A bilinear functional, depending on x and y, is introduced and by using this functional the Gel’fand-Levitan integral equation is represented generally mapping a (ground) state to another (excited) state. We also get a good connection of the Riemann-Hilbert transform (matrices) with the Gel’fand-Levitan equation.
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  • Ryogo Hirota
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 66-70
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    It is found that the 3+1 dimensional Toda molecule equation in the spherical coordinates
    Δ log Vn=Vn+1−2Vn+Vn−1,
    where
    Δ=∂2⁄∂r2+(2⁄r)(∂⁄∂r)+r−2[∂2⁄∂θ2+cot θ(∂⁄∂θ)+(1⁄sin2 θ)∂2⁄∂\varphi2],
    which has been introduced by Nakamura, is transformed into the two-dimensional Toda molecule equation under the assumption that Vn(r, θ, \varphi)=r−2Vn(θ, \varphi). General solutions including Nakamura’s are obtained.
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  • Takasi Endo
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 71-74
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Quantum theory of phase relaxation (T. Endo: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn 56 (1987) 1684) is applied to reduction process of a wave packet due to measurement. Reduction of a wave packet is a dynamic process derived from interactions between an object quantum system and a measuring apparatus without ensemble averaging.
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  • Kazuo Hida
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 75-79
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The effect of dissipation on the recovery of the classical chaotic dynamics is discussed in the semiclassical regime of the quantum nonintegrable systems. In the classically chaotic Hamiltonian systems, the semiclassical approach breaks down within rather short time scale due to the interference of the wave function. It is shown that the dissipation suppresses the interference and confines the quantum fluctuation around the semiclassical trajectory which is described by the semiclassical Langevin equation. We also show that the semiclassical condition obtained by Schmid is equivalent to the condition for the suppression of interference. The discussion is valid regardless whether the classical motion is chaotic or not and therefore dissipation helps the recovery of the classical dynamics in the chaotic systems.
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  • Hiroshi Hasegawa, Satoshi Adachi
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 80-87
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    The elliptic cylindrical coordinates of type I adapted to the Fock hypersphere in momentum space of the Kepler motion and their canonical momenta are used to construct an analytic form of the classical action integrals which yield an adequate parametrization of the KAM (Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser) tori of the Kepler trajectories weakly perturbed by a uniform magnetic field. The semiclassical quantization formula so provided presents a prototype of the exact EBK (Einstein-Brillouin-Kepler) quantization scheme, and the resulting quantized energies vs the magnetic field strength correspond to the quadratic Zeeman spectra of each Rydberg multiplet lifted by the perturbation.
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  • Shoso Shingubara, Kiyoshi Hagiwara, Ryo Fukushima, Tatsuyuki Kawakubo
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 88-94
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    The flow structure and the velocity profile for vortices formed around a sinkhole were examined by means of the dye visualization method and the laser Doppler velocimetry, respectively. A one-celled vortex appeared for small values of the radial Reynolds number Re and the swirl ratio S and a two-celled vortex was observed for large values of Re and S. The two-celled vortex was found to turn into a turbulent flow with further increases in Re.
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  • Kiyoshi Yatsui
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 95-107
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    Theoretical and experimental studies are presented on a parametric decay instability into two electrostatic ion cyclotron waves in a two-ion species plasma. Theoretically, by using a hot-electron plasma model, we generalize such a decay instability in the limits of long- and short-wavelength regions. The instability thresholds as well as the growth rates are predicted for these limiting cases. Experimentally, we modulate an electron beam near the sum of the ion cyclotron frequencies in an electron-beam-plasma system to produce an electric field in the radial direction. At high levels of beam modulation above a certain threshold, the beam pumps this instability. Associated ion heating takes place as the instability develops strongly. The instability threshold has been determined in a parameter space. The instability threshold predicted theoretically is compared with that obtained experimentally, and a quantitative agreement is obtained between them.
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  • Shobu Kaneko, Hiroaki Tsutsui
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 108-116
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    The Woltjer-Taylor method is applied to spheromak plasmas in spheroidal flux conservers. As models of the flux conserver, both oblate and prolate spheroidal vessels with a center conductor are used. The plasma is not assumed to be nearly spherical, and the Rayleigh-Ritz method and the finite element method are used to evaluate the eigenvalues. The oblate spheromak is shown to be stable irrespective of the shape of the flux conserver. Though the prolate spheromak is unstable if there is no center conductor, it can be stable if the center conductor is installed.
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  • Masatoshi Yagi, Masahiro Wakatani, K. C. Shaing
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 117-124
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    When the transport coefficient based on the mixing length theory, DM, does not include a poloidal mode number, m, it is exactly the same as the scale invariance result, DS. For the g mode turbulence in stellarators, DM and DS corresponding to the convective and the collisionless stochastic transport coincide with each other. For the rippling mode turbulence in tokamaks, DM includes m and disagrees with DS as well as the collisional stochastic transport in the g mode case. However, by taking account the scale transformation for the poloidal mode number into the expression of DM, the coincidence is recovered. It is examined how the bootstrap current produced by the electrostatic turbulence changes the transport in the g mode case. A possibility is pointed out that the Kolmogorov spectrum appears in the g mode and the rippling mode turbulence.
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  • Yoshiaki Kogure, Yosio Hiki
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 125-133
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    A simulation has been made to determine the Peierls stress for a screw dislocation in neon, argon, krypton, and xenon model crystals. The Lennard-Jones (12–6) interatomic potential truncated at the third neighbors was chosen, and the ordinary atomic relaxation method was used for the simulation. The method of modified boundary condition was adopted to control the effect of the crystal surfaces. After the initial relaxation to obtain the static dislocation configuration, a shear strain was applied to the crystal and the relaxation was again made. The strain was successively increased until the critical shear strain to initiate the dislocation movement was found. The movement was detected by observing the Burgers vector density during the relaxation. The kinetic energy of crystal was also traced to observe the dislocation movement. The results obtained by the simulation were: the Peierls strain was τP⁄μ=(5.7±0.6)×10−4 for all materials (τP: Peierls stress, μ: shear modulus); the Peierls stress τP was larger for heavier material, increasing from about 300 kPa for neon to 1000 kPa for xenon.
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  • Yosio Hiki, Fujio Tsuruoka, Yoshiaki Kogure
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 134-139
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Measurements of the attenuation of pulsed longitudinal sound at megahertz frequencies have been made below and above the melting temperature in two kinds of hcp 4He crystals with the melting pressures of 32.5 and 60.0 atm. It was found that the attenuation in the solid increased gradually with temperature and then rapidly below the melting point; and that an appreciable amount of supercooling occurred in the liquid when the temperature was decreased. The dependence of the attenuation on the sound frequency revealed the overdamped resonance of crystal dislocations in solid helium. The temperature dependence of the attenuation in the premelting region of the solid was precisely studied. The results were analyzed on the basis of the vibrating dislocation model, and the density of dislocations in the crystal Λ was determined as a function of temperature T. The dependence was well represented as Λ=Λ0+K⁄{1−(TT0)}, where Λ0, K, and T0 were constants. The characteristic temperature T0 was close to or slightly lower than the melting temperature in two kinds of helium crystals.
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  • V. Hizhnyakov
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 140-146
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    A nonequilibrium statistical operator of a vibronic system in the representation of the configurational coordinate and the corresponding characteristic Wigner function are considered. In the formulas obtained, quadratic quantum fluctuations in the nonstationary state are expressed via integrals from the dynamical Green’s functions; the expressions at small and large times pass over into the Callen-Welton formula. The formalism proposed can be used to describe squeezed pulses.
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  • Hirotaka Yamaguchi, Hiromoto Uwe, Tunetaro Sakudo, Etsuro Sawaguchi
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 147-151
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    Elastic properties of haxagonal BaTiO3 have been investigated through measurements of elastic compliances by the composite-bar method. At the structural-phase-transition temperature Ta∼215 K, the effective elastic compliance is found to exhibit a stepwise anomaly. Phenomenological theory of this phase transition is given by using a model that a silent E2u mode in the high-temperature hexagonal phase might be the soft-phonon mode of which frequency vanishes at Ta. At another transition temperature Tc∼54 K, measured elastic compliances are found to exhibit a divergent increase. Together with other experimental evidences, the phase transition at Tc is interpreted to be of a ferroelastic nature.
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  • Gendo Oomi, Akio Shibata, Yoshichika \={O}nuki, Takemi Komatsubara
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 152-155
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    Lattice constants of the dense Kondo material CeCu6 have been measured as a function of pressure up to about 100 kbar at room temperature and at 77 K. An anomaly is found in the compression curve at 77 K, which is attributed to monoclinic-orthorhombic phase transition induced by high pressure. A speculative pressure-temperature phase diagram of CeCu6 is presented.
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  • Gang Sun, Yohtaro Ueno, Yukiyasu Ozeki
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 156-165
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    Layered Potts models on a square lattice where ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic bonds are regularly disposed are studied by means of an interface method, analytically and employing Monte Carlo simulations. They are classified into three types depending on the arrangement of bonds and the number of Potts spin states, q: frustrated (FR) models that have frustration, degenerate (DG) models that have a high degree of degeneracy, and fitting models that have a unique ground state apart from the trivial degeneracy. Both FR and DG models are shown to exhibit phase transitions due to entropy gains, as previously predicted. The q dependence of the interface tension and the critical temperature is clarified. We find that there are very similar properties between FR models and the corresponding Ising models. The models with q>4 are suggested to undergo first order phase transitions.
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  • Hiroyuki Mashiyama, Katsuhiko Hasebe, Sigetosi Tanisaki
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 166-175
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    The well-known type of the free energy to explain the incommensurate-commensurate transition in thiourea is reinvestigated by taking account of higher harmonics of the primary order parameter. The coupling between the seventh or nineth order harmonics and a quantity belonging to the identical representation can stabilize the sevenfold or ninefold superstructure against the incommensurate phase. It is also shown that an electric field induces the eightfold superstructure and that the obtained E-T phase diagram is consistent with experiments. An anomaly of the dielectric susceptibility at the tricritical point on the disordered-incommensurate transition line is presented.
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  • Akira Kojima, Ken-ichi Tozaki, Toshiaki Ogawa, Tsutomu Takizawa, Tatsu ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 176-187
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    The frequency dispersion curves of ac resistivity were obtained from 5 Hz to 13 MHz in superionic conductor Ag3SI single crystal in the temperature region from 280 K to 110 K. The dynamic scaling of the ac resistivity has shown by the use of a scaling factor which is related to some characteristic time in the temperature region in each specimen; annealed β- and γ-phases and α-quenched. Various properties were derived from the high frequency limit of the shape of the master curves, and were discussed together with the results of the Arrhenius plot of the dc resistivity.
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  • Tomio Iwasaki, Toshio Soda
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 188-195
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    There are two sublattices A and B in hcp 3He in spite of the ferromagnetic state, because the hcp structure consists of two interpenetrating simple hexagonal Bravais lattices. We obtain the magnon excitation energy, and calculate ⟨Sz⟩, the specific heat and so on near T=0 by the spin wave theory. To extend the calculation for finite temperatures not near T=0, the Green functions GAA and GBA are introduced. We derive a self consistent equation for ⟨Sz⟩, using the spectral theorem, and compute ⟨Sz⟩ and the Curie temperature Tc, using RPA.
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  • Yasumitsu Ohta, Kiyoshi Kawamura, Takuro Tsuzuku
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 196-204
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    The in-plane electron transport properties of stages-1 and -2 intercalation compounds of graphite with iodine-monochrolide (ICl) have been investigated between room and liquid helium temperatures. The characteristic T2 term appearing in the temperature dependence of their resistivities is pointed out to originate from the discal equi-energy surface of out-of-plane mode phonons intersecting the long cylindrical Fermi surface, while the carrier scattering by in-plane longitudinal mode phonons showing a too steep dispersion diagram is neglegibly small. These compounds can be approximated to simple two-dimensional hole metals in the description of most transport effects. However, the appreciable magnetoresistance is observed even for the stage-1 which has just one band; this implies that the Fermi surface is trigonally warped so as to provide single anisotropic carriers in the basal plane.
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  • Nobuya Mori, Noboru Nakamura, Kenji Taniguchi, Chihiro Hamaguchi
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 205-216
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    Magnetophonon resonance observed at high electric and magnetic fields in thin n+nn+ GaAs structure is shown to be well explained in terms of electric field induced inelastic inter-Landau-level scattering (IILLS). Splitting and inversion of the resonance peaks observed at high electric fields are explained by theoretical analysis of magnetoconductivity σxx based on Kubo formula. The general oscillatory structure of the magnetoconductivity is given by
    (Remark: Graphics omitted.),
    which is valid for \bare<<1, where γ is the broadening factor, \barω00⁄ωc, ω0 and ωc are the cyclotron and optic phonon frequencies, \bare=\sqrt2eElB⁄hωc, lB is the classical cyclotron radius and E is the magnitude of the electric field.
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  • Yoshinori Nakane, Satoshi Takada
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 217-229
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    We calculate the microwave conductivity due to phase mode taking into account impurity effects and long-range Coulomb interaction between the phason and quasi-particles (and/or free carriers). It is shown by using experimental results that the damping of the phason, which is expressed by the dc conductivity of quasi-particles (and/or of free carriers), is fairly large. We obtain the microwave conductivity (σ(ω)), taking into account this damping in the calculation of the self-energy of the phason Green’s function and explain frequency and delicate temperature dependences of σ(ω) of TaS3 observed experimentally.
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  • Hisashi Hiramoto, Shuji Abe
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 230-240
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    Dynamics of an electron in quasiperiodic systems is studied numerically. Calculations are carried out for the one-dimensional tight-binding model with diagonal or off-diagonal modulation obeying the Fibonacci sequence. The width of the wavepacket of an electron put on a single site at time t=0 exhibits such an overall time evolution as \sqrt⟨Δx2⟩∼tα (0<α<1). The dynamical index α decreases continuously with increasing the modulation strength. This anomalous power-law diffusion is successfully interpreted in terms of renormalization group arguments in both the strong and weak modulation limits.
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  • Teruhiko Mabuchi
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 241-250
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    Angle resolved electron energy loss spectra of alkali halide single crystals have been measured with primary energies from 50 to 950 eV, and incident and scattering angles from 20 to 80°. The loss spectra show not only the loss peaks which have been observed in the transmission measurements at higher primary energies but also the surface losses at 7.4 eV for KCl, 6.6 eV for KBr, 9.3 eV for NaF and 10.5 eV for LiF. The intensities of these surface loss peaks decrease both with the increase in primary energies and with the decrease in incident angles. These peaks are slightly below the first exciton excitation energy and attributed to the excitation of the surface exciton.
    Moreover, it is found from the angular dependence of the intensities of the inelastically scattered electrons that the inelastic scattering is not the dipole but the impact scattering.
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  • Akira Narita
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 251-260
    Published: January 15, 1988
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    The magnetic susceptibilities χ(Q) are calculated numerically for some tight binding band structures with semiconducting property by means of Rath-Freeman method, in which the band structures are fitted to those obtained by APW method for LaN, LaP and GdN. From these calculations, the followings are found. (i) The band structure dependences of χ(Q) are large. Those fitted to the LaN and LaP stabilize the antiferromagnetic state consistent to the experiments, while that to GdN the ferromagnet. (ii) The numerical χ(Q) can be approximated very well by the decoupling expression, in which the matrix element is replaced by the averaged Q-dependent matrix element M(Q) over the B.Z in the formula of χ(Q). Its dispersion is almost determined by M(Q). (iii) In the constant matrix element case only the scatterings between the nearest bands to the Fermi level are important for χ(Q). But, in inclusion of matrix element effect those between sufficiently separated bands also become very important.
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  • Hiroko Aruga, Tetsuji Tokoro, Atsuko Ito
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 261-266
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The frequency dependence of paramagnetic-to-spin-glass transition temperature Tg(f) for a short-range Ising spin-glass, Fe0.5Mn0.5TiO3, over a wide frequency range extending to ∼1011 Hz has been examined by the ac-susceptibility measurement (2.0×10 Hz≤f≤6.65×104 Hz), the Mössbauer measurement (corresponding to f∼6×106 Hz) and the neutron scattering measurement (corresponding to f∼1011 Hz). The frequency-dependent phenomenon is analyzed using the Fulcher law, the power law for transition at zero temperature and the power law for a finite transition temperature. All laws appear to account for the observed behavior equally well. By examining the values of the parameters obtained from the analysis of experimental data closely, we show that the power law for a finite transition temperature, f=f0[(Tg(f)−T*)⁄Tg(f)]zν with f0=2.4×1013 Hz, zν=11.5 and T*=20.5 K, is more appropriate than the other laws.
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  • Hitoshi Yamazaki
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 267-274
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Spin-wave relaxation rate in the quasi-two-dimensional ferromagnet (CH3NH3)2CuCl4 are studied by parallel pumping experiment. Magnon relaxation rate is determined as a function of wave number from zero to the Brillouin-zone-boundary in the direction perpendicular to the ferromagnetic layers and as a function of θk, which is the angle between the magnon wave vector and the direction of the static magnetic field. Temperature dependence of the relaxation rate is proportional to T2. Magnetic excitation is found at frequencies below the spin-wave band. Phonon bottleneck effect is discussed to explain the magnon relaxation in this crystal.
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  • Takanori Fukami, Shin Akahoshi, Kenzi Hukuda
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 275-277
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The authors observed the 77Se hyperfine (hf) components of ESR spectrum of SeO43− radicals doped in 94%-deuterated NH4H2PO4 (D0.94ADP) and compared the result with those for DxADP (0≤x≤0.70) crystals. In the paraelectric phase no remarkable deuteration effect was observed. In the antiferroelectric (AFE) phase, on the other hand, a new type of angular dependence of the hf line-position was found between about 185 K and Tc (236 K). The results mean that the crystal field of the AFE host crystal which distorts the SeO43− into the AFE configuration depends on temperature remarkably in the AFE D0.94ADP.
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  • Yu-ichi Miura, Masaaki Takashige, Terutaro Nakamura, Takao Furubayashi ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 278-281
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    One of the glass-like behaviors, i.e. the frequency dependent minimum of the dielectric constant ε′ in milli-Kelvin region in PbTiO3 has been measured as a function of grain size. The slope (dε′⁄dT) in the region T<Tmin first increases with grain size, shows a distinct maximum at the grain size 102 nm, then decreases, where Tmin is the temperature giving the dielectric constant minimum. This result strongly suggests that a large ideal perfect single crystal of PbTiO3 will not show any glass-like behavior.
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  • Akio Miyazaki, Yasuharu Makita
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 282-291
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The dielectric constant of NaNH4SeO4·2H2O along the c axis under stress-free and clamped conditions, ε33f and ε33c, were experimentally determined, and its elastic stiffnesses under constant electric field and constant electric polarization conditions, c66E and c66P, and other elastic stiffnesses were also determined experimentally. It was clarified that both ε33c and 1⁄c66P(s66P) follow the Curie-Weiss law, but the phase transition in NaNH4SeO4·2H2O is caused by predominant dielectric instability more than elastic instability. It was predicted basing on the Landau theory that one of three elastic shear stiffnesses, c66E, shows discontinuous behaviour at the Curie temperature Tc, but the other two, c44E and c55E, show continuous behaviours at Tc, if the phase transition is of first order. The prediction was confirmed to be the case by the experimental results.
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  • Yosuke Kayanuma
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 292-301
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Numerical calculations of the resonant secondary radiation spectrum of the strongly coupled localized electron-phonon system are presented both for the stationary and transient responses. The time evolution of the transient response makes it clear how the line shape of the stationary radiation spectrum is formed in accordance with the three characteristic time-scale, namely, the phase relaxation time, the energy relaxation time and the population decay time.
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  • Takasi Endo, Takao Muramoto
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 302-305
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Transient absorption of the ruby R1 line was measured as a function of time t. Although the optical Bloch equations predict that the transient absorption A(t) is asymptotically proportional to t−1⁄2, it was found that A(t) is asymptotically proportional to t−1. This discrepancy is explained by a truncation of the homogenous line shape at the line wings.
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  • Takashi Fujikawa
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 306-319
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    In this work, a formal theory of electron scattering is presented from first principles by use of the many-body scattering theory. We investigate both the elastic and inelastic scattering of an electron from solids. In particular the correction terms due to elastic scattering in solids are considered to the Bethe’s amplitude in high energy electron energy loss spectra; explicit formulas for seven different correction terms are given here. Other complicated scattering processes, for example, in which an electron suffers a core and a plasmon excitation successively, are also studied here. The optical potential to describe elastic scattering is also discussed within the present theoretical framework.
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  • Takashi Fujikawa, Kouji Tashiro, Wolfgang Krone, Gunter Kaindl
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 320-328
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    In this work, iodine L1-XANES of (CH(IBr)y)x excited by two linearly polarized X-ray are analyzed by use of the short-range order full multiple scattering calculations. The XANES analysis for Ec polarization (normal to the chain axis) gives us the information on the I–C correlation. One useful information obtained here is that the nearest I–C distance is longer than the sum of the van der Waals radii of I and C. This result can explain the increase of the anisotropy of the electric conductivity by IBr doping. Our XANES analyses can also predict charge distribution on polyanions I2Br as q1=−0.5∼−0.7, q2=0.2∼0.3 and q3=−0.5∼−0.7, where I(q1)I(q2)Br(q3), q1+q2+q3=−1. The observed sharp peak in E⁄⁄c XANES is found to be due to the absorption by the end iodine atom.
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  • Jun-ichi Kasai, Toshio Hyodo, Kunio Fujiwara
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 329-341
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Momentum distribution of annihilation γ rays from several alkali halide crystals has been measured using high resolution 1D angular correlation apparatuses. Formation of Bloch-type positronium (Ps) in NaBr and RbCl has been newly confirmed, while no evidence for it has been seen in LiF, KF, and CsI. Effective mass of the Ps in the Bloch state has been determined by analyzing the low temperature behavior of the Ps momentum distribution. The effective mass is larger than the free Ps mass in vacuum in all the alkali halides investigated. Detailed analysis of the temperature dependence of the Ps momentum distribution has been made on KI and KBr. Temperature induced transition to the self-trapped state as previously reported in NaF and KCl has been observed also in these materials.
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  • Sh\={u}ichi Sat\={o}, Yoshihiro Ohmura
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 342-352
    Published: January 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Theoretical study of γ-ray inelastic scattering by K-shell electrons for the case of qa∼1 is presented, where hq is the momentum transfer of the primary γ-ray and a is the orbital radius of the K-shell electron. Details of calculation for the contribution of A2-term to the scattering, A being the vector potential, are given a using a single orthogonalized plane wave for the wave function in the scattering state. The present theoretical result is compared with the experimental one obtained by Namikawa and Hosoya (NH) (Phys. Rev. Lett. 53 (1984) 1606): scattering of 59.57 keV γ-rays by K-shell electrons of Cu and Fe. The C peak and R peak found experimentally by NH are reproduced theoretically though the height of the R peak is 1/3 of that of the experimental result by NH.
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