Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
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Volume 57, Issue 7
Displaying 1-49 of 49 articles from this issue
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  • Vertex Dynamics of Two-Dimensional Cellular Patterns
    Tatsuzo Nagai, Kyozi Kawasaki, Katsuhiro Nakamura
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2221-2224
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2221
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    Time evolution of a two-dimensional cellular structure is studied by computer for a deterministic dissipative model system of interacting vertices. Despite its completely deterministic nature, our model gives rise to fully-developed random cellular structures which abound in nature. Both the growth law and the shape distribution for cells are obtained and are compared with other existing studies.
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  • Deformed Atoms and Collective Rotational Motion of Electrons
    Masahiro Iwai
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2225-2228
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2225
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    Collective rotational motion of electrons in the ground and low-lying excited states of Be-like ions is investigated by using the symmetry-violating mean field approach, the Peierls-Yoccoz projection method and the cranking model method. Characteristics of the deformation of atomic mean fields are discussed in comparison with those of nuclei. The present method gives an explicit intrinsic wave function, and thus provides a deeper insight into collective rotational motion of atomic electrons.
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  • Magnetic Fluctuations in an Asymmetric Reversed-Field Pinch
    Sadao Masamune, Shoi Koh, Hiroshi Oshiyama
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2229-2232
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2229
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    Internal magnetic fluctuations have been studied by pick-up coils in an asymmetric reversed-field pinch (RFP) device STE–RFP. Measured profiles of fluctuations were compared with theoretical ones of m=1 (m is the poloidal mode number) internal resistive kink mode which was calculated using the measured equilibrium profiles assuming toroidal symmetry. Radial and poloidal components of the measured profiles were in good agreement with theoretical ones, while toroidal asymmetry seems to cause a slight deviation of toroidal component from calculated results. The local nature of fluctuation is also discussed.
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  • Super High Voltage System for Ion Beam Inertial Confinement Fusion
    Kazuo Imasaki, Shuji Miyamoto, Tatsuro Akiba, Sadao Nakai, Chiyoe Yama ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2233-2236
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2233
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    A super high voltage system (SHVS) is investigated as a driver of ion beam inertial confinement fusion. We have estimated the limitations and efficiency of the system. The results show SHVS is available for medium Z ion acceleration for inertial confinement fusion.
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  • Finite Ion-Relaxation and Nonequilibrium Radiation Effects on Laser-Driven Implosions
    Takashi Yabe, Kazuo A. Tanaka
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2237-2240
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2237
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    The implosion dynamics of recent experiments with high-aspect ratio laser-driven targets are re-examined by taking account of finite mean free paths of the ion. The mean free path is found to be comparable to the fuel size and this can cause a significant departure from a fluid-like description. One of such effects stemming from the finite mean free path of the ion, real viscosity, seriously changes the results; the compression ratio becomes 5 times smaller with this real viscosity. In addition to this, the inclusion of a non-LTE (local thermodynamic equilibrium) atomic process is shown to critically determine the implosion dynamics.
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  • Experimental Observation of a Structure of Two-Dimensional Plasma Flow Boundary
    Hideo Kozima, Kouichi Yamada, Kenji Nakashima
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2241-2244
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2241
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    The plasma potential is measured along the boundary of a supersonic plasma flow with steady speed around an electrically floating or biased metallic obstacle. It is discovered that an imbalance of the ion and the electron distribution exists at the boundary in the region having a width of an order of magnitude 10 λD (λD; Debye length).
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  • Phase Diagram for Induced-Moment Spin Glasses
    Tetsuya Yamamoto
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2245-2248
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2245
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    Phase diagram for the spin glass is studied in the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model with two kinds of transverse fields Δ1 and Δ2 applied on (1−c)N and cN spins, respectively. This system is devised to model some induced moment spin glasses, such as nonstoichiometric PrP. The equation to determine Tc is represented in terms of the paramagnetic susceptibilities. They are calculated by the perturbation method with respect to exchange coupling Jij up to the fourth order. Then Tc is evaluated by the ratio method and the phase diagram in T-c plane is obtained. It is shown that the presence of the spins with finite Δ1 makes it easier to occur the spin glass transition than the case with infinite Δ1.
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  • Thermal Desorption of NO Molecules from Pt(111) Surface
    Hideaki Kasai, Satoru Enomoto, Ayao Okiji
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2249-2252
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2249
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    On the basis of the absolute reaction rate theory, thermal desorption spectra of NO molecules from Pt(111) surfaces are calculated with the aid of the lattice gas model. It is shown that the occurrence of the conversion of the bridge bonded to the on-top bonded NO molecules may produce the variety of structures in the desorption spectra. The experimental findings are explained satisfactorily.
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  • LMTO–ASA Calculations on Si/NiSi2 Interfaces
    Hideaki Fujitani, Setsuro Asano
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2253-2256
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2253
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    LMTO–ASA (linear muffin-tin orbital atomic-sphere approximation) calculations were performed for Si(111)/NiSi2(111) interfaces. The perfect epitaxial structure (type A) has lower Schottky barrier heights and higher total energy than the 180° rotated structure (type B).
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  • Josephson Effect and Critical Current by Fermion Pairing in Real Space and High-Tc Oxide Superconductors
    Shozo Takeno, Kenji Kisoda
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2257-2260
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2257
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    A pseudospin formulation of superconductivity by fermion pairing in real space leads to an effective Hamiltonian of a modified version of a classical XY-like spin system in which a local density and a phase are canonical variables. From quantum fluid equations, by which a superconductor can be regarded as a set of coupled microscopic Josephson elements, equations are derived for the macroscopic Josephson effect and internal Josephson effects possibly existing in ceramic-type oxide superconductors. An exact solution to the quantum-fluid equations corresponding to a one-dimensional uniform supercurrent flow is obtained. A maximum superconducting current and a critical current are calculated for the Y–Ba–Cu–O system. Both of these are shown to be of the order 108 A/cm2. This is presumed to be an ideal upper limit of the superconducting current realizable in the Y–Ba–Cu–O system.
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  • Existence of the Minimum Coefficient in Temperature Linear Term of Heat Capacity in Superconducting (La1−xBax)2CuO4
    Tatsuo Kobayashi, Satoshi Kumayasu, Kiichi Amaya, Kenji Ishida, Yoshio ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2261-2263
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2261
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    In high-Tc superconductors (La1−xMx)2CuO4 (M=Ba, Sr), it has been reported that the heat capacity has a nonzero coefficient γ in the temperature linear term. We investigated the detailed dependence of γ on Ba doping. It was confirmed that γ becomes zero for undoped La2CuO4. With increasing Ba concentration x, γ increases markedly up to x=0.02 where the magnetic order almost disappears, while it decreases as superconductivity starts to appear and then has a minimum around x=0.04. With further increasing x, γ increases again. These results may be due to a combined effect of two different contributions to γ.
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  • Anomalous Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation in Narrow-Band Systems
    Fusayoshi Ohkawa
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2264-2267
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2264
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    The temperature dependences of nuclear magnetic relaxation time (NMR T1) and paramagnetic susceptibility were theoretically examined in various models of narrow-band systems in connection with recently discovered Cu-oxide high-Tc superconductors. When the chemical potential lies in the neighborhood of logarithmically divergent van Hove singularity inherent in two-dimensional systems, their temperature dependences are anomalous in a weakly degenerate region of temperatures. If exponents must be assigned in such a region, then 1⁄T1 is approximately proportional to T0.5, and susceptibility approximately to T−0.25, T being temperature.
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  • Z2 Vortex-Induced Broadening of the EPR Linewidth in the Two-Dimensional Triangular Lattice Antiferromagnets, HCrO2 and LiCrO2
    Yoshitami Ajiro, Hikomitsu Kikuchi, Sh\={u}-ichiro Sugiyama, Takeshi N ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2268-2271
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2268
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    The title compounds are the family of the AMO2-type (R\bar3m) crystal which has a pronounced layer structure and are promising candidates for the two-dimensional Heisenberg triangular lattice antiferromagnet (2DH TAL–AF). The interesting observation is that a singular point of the EPR signal is located around TKM=0.66JS2 for the critical temperature of phase transition associated with the pairing-dissociation of the Z2 vortices, suggesting the present system behaves as 2DH TAL–AF down to very close to TKM. The EPR linewidth exhibits Z2 vortex-induced broadening above the critical temperature which is inversely proportional to the thermally excited vortex density, nv∝exp (−Ev⁄kBT) with the activation energy Ev≅4kBTKM.
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  • Magnetic Susceptibility of YBa2Cu3O7−x with Various Oxygen Deficiency
    Takeshi Kawagoe, Tadashi Mizoguchi, Kazushi Kanoda, Toshihiro Takahash ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2272-2275
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2272
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    The magnetic susceptibility of YBa2Cu3O7−x with various oxygen deficiency (0<x<0.9) was measured below room temperature. The susceptibility of samples in orthorombic phase (0<x<0.44) shows the linear temperature dependence, χ0+AT, with diamagnetic deviation due to the superconducting fluctuation above the Tc, without any upturn with decreasing temperature. χ0 decreases linearly from 5.0×10−7 to 2.2×10−7 emu/g, and the linear slope A increases from 0 to 5.6×10−10 emu/gK with increasing x, although the Tc changes from 90 K to 60 K rather discontinuously in this phase. In tetragonal phase samples (0.5<x<0.7), an upturn in the susceptibility with decreasing temperature was inevitably observed, suggesting the appearence of localized magnetic moments which were also detected by EPR. A new analysis of subtracting the extrinsic magnetic contribution which is proportional to T−4⁄3 from the observed static susceptibility is proposed with the aid of EPR results.
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  • Successive Magnetic Transitions in the Heusler Heavy-Fermion System CeInCu2
    Hiroyuki Nakamura, Yoshio Kitaoka, Kunisuke Asayama, Yoshichika \={O}n ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2276-2279
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2276
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    The ground state of a heavy-fermion compound CeInCu2 of the cubic Heusler structure has been investigated by 63Cu and 115In nuclear magnetic resonance. From the temperature dependence of the NMR spectra, two antiferromagnetic-like transitions have been found at TN1=1.6 K and successively at TN2=1.1 K. The first transition, which Takagi et al. already observed, is very sensitive to the external magnetic field, whereas the second one found in this study yields a rather stable magnetic moment whose magnitude at 0.3 K was roughly estimated to be the order of 0.1 μB/Ce.
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  • Anomalous Temperature Dependence of Cu Nuclear Spin-Lattice Relaxation in YBa2Cu3O6.91
    Takashi Imai, Tadashi Shimizu, Hiroshi Yasuoka, Yutaka Ueda, Koji Kosu ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2280-2283
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2280
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    An anomalous temperature dependence of Cu nuclear spin-lattice relaxation time T1 has been observed for both the Cu1 chain and Cu2 plane sites of YBa2Cu3O6.91 (Tc=90 K) and discussed in connection with spin fluctuations and an anisotropic energy gap which nucleates in the vicinity of Cu2 nuclei.
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  • Step-Wise Dielectric Anomaly and Discommensurations in the Incommensurate S1−xOxC(ND2)2
    Akira Onodera, Françoise Dénoyer, Jean Godard, Marianne ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2284-2287
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2284
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    Complex dielectric constants ε′, ε″ were measured in d-urea-doped d-thiourea, where linear chains of hydrogen bonds along the modulation direction were affected by doped molecules. The step-wise oscillatory changes were observed on very slow cooling and heating runs (0.5 mK/min). The discontinuous jumps were observed more clearly on the heating run rather than on the cooling run. These interesting new features are closely related to discommensurations due to the impurity pinning of modulation waves and to the extraordinarily slow relaxation process of adjacent molecular re-arrangement to equilibrium in the incommensurate phase.
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  • Narrowing Due to Valence Mixing in the 3d Core Level Spectra for Ce Compounds
    Takeo Jo, Akio Kotani
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2288-2292
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2288
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    The effect of valence mixing on multiplet structures in the 3d core photoabsorption spectra for Ce compounds is discussed on the basis of a simplified Anderson model combined with the interactions described by the Slater integrals and the spin-orbit interactions. A narrowing of the spectral peak due to valence mixing is found to be remarkable in insulators CeO2 and CeF4, while it is less remarkable in metallic compounds CePd3 and CeRh3. Based on our findings, a possible explanation is presented for a narrowing of the spectral peak in the 3d core photoemission spectra for the insulators.
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  • Statistical-Mechanical Theory of One-Dimensional Gases with Short-Range and Long-Range Intermolecular Forces. III. Phase Transitions at Finite Temperatures in the Case of Repulsive Short-Range Interaction
    Sizuka Kurioka, Kazuyoshi Ikeda
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2293-2309
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2293
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    Numerical calculations of the equation of state are made for the one-dimensional gas model proposed and discussed by Ikeda in the preceding papers I and II. The model consists of molecules with hard cores, short-range (square-potential) repulsions and infinitely-long-range attractions (given by the potential −2a⁄L, a=positive constant, L=length of the gas). For this model it is exactly shown that, for sufficiently weak attractions, the gas-liquid and liquid-solid transitions occur at all sufficiently low temperatures (as in helium), and that, in a certain range of strengths of attraction, only the gas-solid transition occurs at all temperatures lower than Tt(=triple point) and the gas-liquid and liquid-solid transitions occur at temperatures higher than Tt but lower than a certain temperature (as in usual substances in nature), and that, for sufficiently strong attractions, only one transition occurs, as in a van der Waals gas.
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  • Statistical Mechanical Theory of Cooperative Phenomena. II. Super-Effective-Field Theory with Applications to Exotic Phase Transitions
    Masuo Suzuki
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2310-2330
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2310
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    A new scheme to study exotic phase transitions is formulated by introducing the concept of a super-effective field. A general mechanism of phase transitions is elucidated and a general criterion of order parameters is proposed on the basis of the newly formulated super-effective-field theory. An alternative formulation based on a decoupled density matrix is also given. It is easily shown using these formulations that a quantum chiral order appears in the antiferromagnetic XY model on the triangular lattice. A super-effective-field theory of spin glasses is also presented.
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  • Time Reversal and Parity Non-Invariant Nuclear Interactions
    Yoshio Yamaguchi
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2331-2336
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2331
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    Parity violating (CP-conserving as well as violating) nuclear potentials in the non-relativistic regimes are discussed. Two examples of such potentials (separable and square well) are treated based on Schrödinger equations. Moreover, the parametrization of the S-matrix for P- and CP-violating cases is described.
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  • Fluorescence Profiles of the Cs–D2 Line
    Isao Hirano
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2337-2343
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2337
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    Fluorescence emitted from an absorption cell is measured and analyzed for the Cs–D2 line as a function of laser frequency. The fluorescence spectra change distinguishably with the cell temperature. The theoretical fluorescence line shapes are obtained in close accord with the measured results taking into account the atomic density distribution in the cell.
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  • Continuous Energy State Model for Charge Transfer in Collisions of Fully Stripped Ions with Hydrogen Atoms
    Fumihiro Koike
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2344-2353
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2344
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    Charge transfer processes in collisions of fully stripped ions with hydrogen atoms are investigated theoretically. A continuous-energy state model is proposed as a technique of solving equations including a large number of coupled-channels for charge-transferred final states. A numerical result is presented and compared with other theoretical as well as experimental cross sections. Agreement is good in O8++H and Si14+H collisions indicating availability of the method for ions with larger charge numbers.
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  • A Nonlinear Analysis on the Behavior of a Small Amount of Inert Gas during Evaporation and Condensation of a Vapor between the Parallel Surfaces
    Yoshimoto Onishi
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2354-2364
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2354
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    The behavior of an inert gas contained slightly in a vapor is studied analytically together with the behavior of the vapor itself, when the evaporation and condensation process is taking place between the two parallel plane condensed phases. The analysis is based on a general asymptotic theory for small Knudsen numbers which has been derived systematically from the kinetic equation of B–G–K type under the diffusive boundary condition. The results obtained here are valid for finite values of the Reynolds number based on the flow due to evaporation and condensation. The inert gas, in this case, does not affect the behavior of the vapor because of its smallness in its amount, it is greatly affected by the vapor motion and exhibits strong nonlinearity in its pressure and density variations. Nonlinear effects due to the presence of the flow also manifest themselves distinctly on the temperature of the vapor. The well-known negative temperature gradient and negative mass flow phenomena are also observed.
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  • Statistical Analysis of Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulent Shear Flows at Low Magnetic Reynolds Number
    Yutaka Shimomura
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2365-2385
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2365
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    Magnetohydrodynamic turbulent shear flows at low magnetic Reynolds number are studied by using a two-scale direct-interaction approximation combined with the double expansion with regard to the magnetic Reynolds number and the interaction parameter. Using these statistical results, a two-equation turbulence model which incorporates the effects of magnetic fluctuations is constructed. This model can quantitatively explain existing experimental results for the skin friction in MHD channel flows.
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  • Thermophoresis of a Circular Cylinder in a Rarefied Gas
    Kyoji Yamamoto, Yuji Ishihara, Kensuke Fujise
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2386-2397
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2386
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    This paper treats thermophoresis of a solid circular cylinder in a rarefied gas. The analysis is carried out on the basis of the linearized B–G–K equation. The simultaneous integral equations for the density, flow velocity and temperature are derived from the equation. These are solved numerically over a wide range of the Knudsen number. It is shown that the induced flow around the cylinder does not vanish at infinity but has a constant non-zero value. The cylinder experiences no force in this uniform flow. The variation of the thermophoretic velocity versus the Knudsen number is calculated for any value of the thermal conductivity of the cylinder. The distributions of the flow velocity as well as the temperature are also shown.
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  • Kinetic Theory of Adiabatic Ion-Acoustic Instability
    S. K. Sharma
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2398-2400
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2398
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    Using kinetic theory with an energy conserving BGK collision operator, we show that the speed of ion-acoustic waves in highly collisional region is enhanced by the factor (5/3)1⁄2. A kinetic derivation of instability of such ion-acoustic waves due to electron-ion streaming is also presented.
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  • Transport Characteristics of Electron Swarm in Model Ramsauer Gases under Electric Field
    Nobuaki Ikuta, Akihide Takeda, Kohji Yamamoto
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2401-2415
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2401
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    Energy distribution and transport coefficients of an electron swarm in model Ramsauer gases under an electric field are calculated using a new procedure “Flight time integral” (FTI) method. Electron energy distributions and transport related quantities change remarkably depending on the shapes of the Ramsauer valley and of the excitation cross section, but the changes are well understood from the electron flight behaviour around the valley. Electron transport property mainly depends on the width of the Ramsauer valley but not on the depth. It is made apparent that the well known formulae for transport coefficients sometimes give erroneous values since these formulae are written by instantaneous probabilities for the transport.
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  • X-Ray Diffraction Patterns of Configurational Fibonacci Lattices
    Hikaru Terauchi, Yukio Noda, Kousei Kamigaki, Shuji Matsunaka, Masaaki ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2416-2424
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2416
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    Four types of the configurational Fibonacci lattices have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The golden mean τ in a present Fibonacci lattice is not associated with the spacing between the alternating layer but is associated with the species of atomic layers or the hexagonal-cubic packing sequence. Many satellite peaks are observed having a self-similarity feature when the instrumental resolution of the X-ray diffraction is extremely high. Special attention was paid for the ABC stacking Fibonacci sequence to compare with the structure of stacking fault observed in a metal alloy such as MgCuAl.
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  • Compressibility and Thermodynamics of the Structural Changes of Liquid In2Te3 and Ga2Te3
    Yoshimi Tsuchiya
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2425-2431
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2425
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    The sound velocity, Vs, in liquid In2Te3 and Ga2Te3 has been measured as a function of temperature to study the thermodynamics of the structural changes of these liquid semiconductors. Vs has been used to deduce the dependence on temperature of the isothermal compressibility, which has been found to have a maximum in accord with the thermodynamic relations derived previously. The transition enthalpy is evaluated to be 8.5 kJ/mol for In2Te3 and 9.2 kJ/mol for Ga2Te3.
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  • Coefficients of Gradient Terms in Landau-de Gennes Free Energy Expansion for Polymeric Liquid Crystals
    Takayuki Shimada, Masao Doi, Koji Okano
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2432-2438
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2432
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    We calculate the coefficients of gradient terms in Landau-de Gennes expansion for polymeric liquid crystals consisting of stiff polymers. The coefficients are expressed as a function of chain length and molecular flexibility. Using the result, we discuss orientational fluctuations in the isotropic phase and Frank’s elastic constants in the nematic phase.
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  • Non-Markovian Brownian Motion in a Periodic Potential
    Akito Igarashi, Toyonori Munakata
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2439-2447
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2439
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    Non-Markovian Brownian motion in a periodic potential is investigated with special attention to diffusion properties. The velocity autocorrelation function (VAF) and diffusion constant are calculated for three types of random forces whose correlations are given by delta function (the white noise), exponential and damped-oscillatory functions. Some comments are also given for the relation between the diffusion constants calculated from the VAF and the hopping rate.
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  • Band Structure of One-Dimensional Quasicrystal and Lie Algebra
    Kazuhito Ohsawa, Toshiyuki Ninomiya
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2448-2455
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2448
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    We have studied the band structure of quasicrystal with Kronig-Penny potential. The transfer matrices of this model are represented with Lie algebra. The band structure obtained by numerical calculation is explained analytically by using Lie algebra.
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  • Point-Contact Spectra of Graphite
    Hideyuki Sato, Isao Sakamoto, Kiyoshi Yonemitsu, Yoshihiro Hishiyama
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2456-2460
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2456
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    The current-voltage characteristics of graphite point contacts were measured in the liquid-helium temperature range. The dynamic resistance (dV⁄dI) has a maximum at zero-bias voltage and continuously decreases with increasing bias voltage in contrast to ordinary metal point contacts where dV⁄dI increases with bias voltage. In the second-derivative signal, we observed structures near 17 mV and 56 mV which agree with the peak energies of phonon density of states as determined by neutron inelastic scattering. In small contact-resistance samples, we observed magnetic field dependence of the spectra which is related to the large magnetoresistance of graphite.
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  • Superlattice Approach to the Interface States in III–V Semiconductors
    Eiichi Yamaguchi
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2461-2475
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2461
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    The electronic structures of insulator-semiconductor (I–S) interfaces are investigated for III–V semiconductors, GaAs, InAs and InP, using the superlattice method. Here, the overlayer insulators are simulated with the lattice-matched II–VI alloys, ZnSe1−xTex or ZnS1−yTey. It is shown that the heterointerface bond relaxation strongly affects interface-band formation in the bandgap. In GaAs I–S systems, relaxed Ga bonds at the heterointerface induce a vacant interface band and a filled interface band in the bandgap. Consequently, the Fermi level is pinned around the midgap. By contrast, in InAs I–S systems, relaxed In bonds only induce a filled interface band below the conduction band edge. Specifically, at (001) InAs-insulator interfaces with relaxed interface bonds, the interface band merges with the conduction band and exhibits metallic structures. These trends are consistent with experimental results.
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  • Magnetization and Critical Current Density of High-Tc Superconductors ABa2Cu3O7−x (A=Y, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er) in Pulsed High Magnetic Fields
    Koichi Nakao, Kiyoshi Tatsuhara, Noboru Miura, Shin-ichi Uchida, Hiden ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2476-2481
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2476
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    The magnetizations of sintered and powdered samples of ABa2Cu3O7−x (A=Y, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er) were measured in steady and pulsed high magnetic fields up to 25 T. The magnetization curves for Dy and Er compounds do not saturate up to the highest field even at 4.2 K indicating a strong effect of the crystal field. The critical current densities are estimated using the critical state model. They are independent of the element A and are of the order of 106 A/cm2 at 4.2 K up to 25 T.
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  • Variational Monte-Carlo Studies of Superconductivity in Strongly Correlated Electron Systems
    Hisatoshi Yokoyama, Hiroyuki Shiba
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2482-2493
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2482
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    A variational Monte-Carlo method is formulated to study superconductivity in strongly correlated electrons. An application is made to the strongly correlated Hubbard model on two-dimensional square lattice, by employing the simplest mean-field-type trial wave function, i.e. the Gutzwiller-projected BCS wave function. Among the various choices examined, the d-wave-type superconductivity turns out to be the most favorable. The nature of the superconducting order parameter and spin correlations is also examined.
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  • Site Assignment for Cu NQR Lines in YBa2Cu3O7−δ Superconductor
    Tadashi Shimizu, Hiroshi Yasuoka, Takashi Imai, Toshinobu Tsuda, Toshi ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2494-2505
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2494
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    A clear evidence is presented on the site assignment for two distinct 63Cu NQR lines observed at around 22 MHz and 31 MHz in YBa2Cu3O7−δ superconductor (Tc=91 K). Using the highly oriented powder sample under the applied magnetic field in the superconducting state where the c-axis being perpendicular to the field, the 63Cu NMR spectra have carefully been examined. From analysis of the spectra, the directions of the principal axes of the electric field gradient (EFG) tensors at the two 63Cu sites have been determined. Comparing these experimental results with the calculated EFG tensors at the crystallographically inequivalent two Cu sites [the chain Cu(1) and the planar Cu(2) sites] in YBa2Cu3O7, the site associated with the lower and the higher NQR frequencies are uniquely assigned to the Cu(1) and the Cu(2) sites, respectively.
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  • The Magnetization of Amorphous GdXY68−XCu32 Alloys
    Ikuo Nakai, C. A. Cornelius, S. H. Kilcoyne, E. W. Lee, B. D. Rainford
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2506-2517
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2506
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    We report on the magnetization measurement of amorphous GdXY68−XCu32 (17≤X≤68) alloys between 4.2 K and 300 K in fields up to 7 T. This system varies from ferromagnetic to cluster glass states with decreasing X. The high field magnetization in a cluster glass region as well as in a ferromagnetic phase is described well in terms of the spin wave T3⁄2 law corrected for the applied field. The spin wave stiffness constant D thus deduced is independent of field and temperature. We have found the following features in some Gd-based alloys: an amorphous material shows a smaller D value than a crystalline counterpart; in both states, D is directly proportional to the paramagnetic Curie temperature. These facts are quantitatively understood by the nearest neighbor Heisenberg model with fluctuations in the exchange interaction.
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  • The Crystal Field Scheme of NdCu6
    Ulrich Walter, Yoshichika \={O}nuki, Takemi Komatsubara
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2518-2524
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2518
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    We have determined the crystal field scheme of trivalent Nd in NdCu6 from the inelastic scattering spectra of thermal neutrons. We show that the proposed scheme is unequivocal and that its over-all splitting is in agreement with those of CeCu6 and PrCu6. A comparison of the derived static susceptibility with the measured one reveals that not quadrupoles but higher charge multipoles are the predominant contributions to the crystal field. The exchange coupling constant in NdCu6 is found to be N(0)Jex=0.038.
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  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of RCo5. III. R=Ce and Sm
    Hiroshi Yoshie, Kou Ogino, Hiroyuki Nagai, Akira Tsujimura, Yoji Nakam ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2525-2528
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2525
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    The nuclear magnetic resonance of 59Co nuclei in magnetic domains of CeCo5 and SmCo5 has been measured under external magnetic fields up to 55 kOe at 4.2 K. In order to assign the observed NMR signals to each Co site, the 59Co nuclear magnetic resonance of Ce(Co1−xNix)5 and Sm(Co1−xNix)5 has also been measured under the same conditions. From the NMR study of these compounds, we have found that the 59Co hyperfine field at the 2c site in CeCo5 has a very large orbital contribution.
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  • Superhyperfine Structure in EPR of Cr-Doped SnO2 Single Crystals
    Harumi Hikita, Kosei Takeda, Yutaka Kimura, Tutomu Kurose
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2529-2539
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2529
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    The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of Cr-doped SnO2 crystals has been studied using an X-band spectrometer at room temperature. In the as-grown crystals, two distinct EPR spectra, designated as (EPR)I and (EPR)II, with different values of the spin-Hamiltonian parameters have been observed in our experiments. The lines of these spectra are superhyperfine-broadened with superhyperfine structure (shfs) of neighboring Sn nuclei. The line-intensity ratio of the shfs for the (EPR)II has been 1.000:0.477:0.141:0.120:0.195:0.096:0.040. The analysis of the line-intensity ratio of the shfs shows that the (EPR)II is not due to Cr3+ ions in the interstitial positions, but is attributed to Cr3+ in the substitutional sites with a rhombic distortion in SnO2 crystal.
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  • Investigation of the Ferroelectric to the Antiferroelectric Transition in LiNH4SO4 by the ESR of ·NH3+
    Shu-Fei Tsai, Jiang-Tsu Yu
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2540-2549
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2540
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    The electron spin resonance (ESR) of the NH3+ free radical has been used to investigate the ferroelectric to the antiferroelectric transition in LiNH4SO4 crystals. A sharp transition at 286 K was detected by ESR in the form of line-splitting. The NH3+ free radical in the ferroelectric phase splits into two inequivalent species with different reorientational characteristics below the transition temperature. Twinning was simultaneously detected at the transition.
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  • Nuclear Zeeman and Dipolar Spin-Lattice Relaxation in the Reentrant Nematic Liquid Crystal OBBC
    Seiichi Miyajima, Takehiko Chiba
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2550-2556
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2550
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    Proton spin-lattice relaxation rates were measured in Zeeman and dipolar fields in the liquid crystalline phases (N–SAd–RN) of OBBC, 4-(4″-octyloxybenzoyloxy)-benzylidene-4′-cyanoaniline. The relaxation mechanisms were analyzed from the frequency- and temperature-dependences of the relaxation rates. The Zeeman relaxation mechanism in the high temperature nematic (N) phase was characterized by the long-range fluctuation of the nematic director, whereas in the reentrant nematic (RN) phase the relaxation was predominated by translational self-diffusion of molecules. On the other hand, the relaxation in the dipolar frame caused by director fluctuation was observed in all of the three liquid crystalline phases. It is suggested that persistence of nematic director fluctuation in the smectic Ad mesophase is related to the reentrance phenomenon in polar mesogens.
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  • Resonant Photoemission Study of Molybdenum Bronzes: K0.3MoO3, K0.33MoO3 and K0.9Mo6O17
    Kazuo Terashima, Hideki Matsuoka, Kazuo Soda, Shigemasa Suga, Ryoichi ...
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2557-2564
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2557
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    The electronic structures of molybdenum bronzes K0.3MoO3, K0.33MoO3 and K0.9MoO17 have been systematically studied by means of the ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS). Resonant photoemission spectra have been measured in the photon energy range from 32 eV to 100 eV. The measurements of total yield spectra have also been made on K0.3MoO3 and K0.9Mo6O17. Resonant enhancements of the photoemission have been observed in the valence and conduction bands with the contribution from the Mo 4d states for the excitation around hν=49 or 50 eV. It is found that the resonant effect is very weak for the structures at a binding energy EB=4.6 eV for K0.3MoO3 and K0.33MoO3. The magnitude of these resonances corresponds to the local electronic densities of Mo 4d states at the corresponding EB and can be qualitatively explained by the simple band structure model.
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  • Magnetooptical Determination of the Exchange Field on the Excited Magnetic Ions under a High Magnetic Field
    Hidenobu Hori, Muneyuki Date
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2565-2572
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2565
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    A new method for the determination of the exchange field between the ground and optically excited states in antiferromagnetic crystals is proposed. The exchange field is evaluated from the field-dependent spectral shift which comes from the difference in the effective parameters between the ground and excited state spins. A practical application of the method is done in YbCrO3 and the various exchange parameters are determined. For example, the intersublattice exchange field between the ground and excited Cr3+ spins is estimated to be 55% of the ground state value.
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  • Inverse Raman Scattering Resonant to Excitonic Polaritons in Red-HgI2 and 2H-PbI2
    Teruya Ishihara
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2573-2580
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2573
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    Inverse Raman scattering resonant to excitonic polariton states in red-HgI2 and 2H-PbI2 single crystals at 1.6 K is observed. The inverse Raman absorption line shape is calculated with a polariton dispersion relation renormalized by the intense pump laser. Deformation potentials for A1g optical phonons are estimated from the Raman cross sections to be about 2 eV for these materials, which are rather small compared to those of T2 transverse optical phonons in tetrahedral semiconductors.
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  • Temperature Dependence of Dielectric Constant in Gadolinium Nitrate Crystal
    Riki Kawashima
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2581-2582
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2581
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  • Addendum to Two Papers on Semi-Discrete Wave Equation with Cubic Nonlinearity
    Kazuaki Narita
    1988 Volume 57 Issue 7 Pages 2583
    Published: July 15, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.57.2583
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