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Shozo Takeno, Shigeo Homma
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
835-838
Published: March 15, 1993
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Unique properties of envelope lattice solitons with dispersionless carrier-wave frequency exhibiting a robust nature and relaxed existence conditions are elucidated. This is done for a modified version of the Ablowitz-Ladik equation defined in a
d-dimensional simple cubic (SC) lattice. Two methods are used: one is analytical for the ordered SC lattice and the other, numerical for a disordered one-dimensional lattice. In the former, a localized-mode concept is employed to show the relaxed existence condition for lattices of arbitrary dimension. In the latter, numerical experiments are performed to show fairly smooth propagation of dispersionless solitons even for strongly disordered cases, where ordinary solitons with dispersive carrier-wave frequency eventually settle down to immobile localized modes.
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Daijiro Yoshioka
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
839-842
Published: March 15, 1993
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A model system is considered where two dimensional electrons are confined by a harmonic potential in one direction, and are free in the other direction. The ground state in strong magnetic fields is investigated through numerical diagonalization of the Hamiltonian. It is shown that the fractional quantum Hall states are realized even in the presence of the external potential under suitable conditions, and a phase diagram is obtained.
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Tatsumi Kurosawa, Norihisa Ishida
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
843-846
Published: March 15, 1993
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The origin of pronounced third harmonic signals of heavy holes in germanium observed in optically detected cyclotron resonance experiments is discussed. It is shown that strong higher harmonic cyclotron acceleration is possible for holes through a nonuniform field due to an electric dipole moment induced by the microwave field on an electron-hole droplet.
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Naomichi Hatano, Masuo Suzuki
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
847-850
Published: March 15, 1993
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A world-line Monte Carlo method of studying the ground state of a quantum system is proposed. An application of the method to the one-dimensional
S=1⁄2 alternating-bond model is reported. Anisotropy dependence of order parameters suggesting ground-state phase transitions is observed.
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Chandana Ghosh, A. Roy Chowdhury
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
851-853
Published: March 15, 1993
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Conserved quantities and the Hamiltonian structure associated with BKP equation are deduced with the help of pseudodifferential operators in (2+1) dimension and dressing technique. It has been proved that the restricted flows in one dimension corresponds to the integrable Henon-Heiles dynamical system.
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Takashi Yamamoto
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
854-858
Published: March 15, 1993
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The statitical interactions of anyons on a plane are described by a gauge field. We present a natural periodic generalization of such gauge field and find that this agrees with the corresponding gauge field on a torus which has been obtained from the Chern-Simons theory.
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Hiroaki Ono
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
859-867
Published: March 15, 1993
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Modulation of one-dimensional anharmonic lattice waves due to reflectionless inhomogeneity is shown to be governed by the inhomogeneous nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Based upon that equation, the behavior of envelope solitons in a step-like inhomogeneity is investigated. Unlike a dicontinuous mass interface, such a gradual mass interface is found not to lead to fission of an envelope soliton of bright type, but inhomogeneity of spring constants do. Explicit formulas concerning the fission of a weak envelope soliton of dark type are also derived.
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Kazuyuki Tanaka, Tohru Morita
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
868-872
Published: March 15, 1993
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The asymptotic behavior of the spin-pair correlation function and the spontaneous magnetization of the Ising model on the generalized Kagomé lattice is obtained. The nature of the disordered points is clarified for this system.
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Tohru Morita, Kazuyuki Tanaka
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
873-879
Published: March 15, 1993
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It is shown that an application of the techniques of division and integration of lattice sites reduces Ising models to equivalent vertex models. When the Ising model is on a two-dimensional lattice and no crossing occurs for any two of line segments connecting two lattice sites between which an interaction exists, the equivalent vertex model is shown to be a
free-fermion vertex model. An argument is also given to show that the present method provides a method of expressing the partition function of a general Ising model on the square lattice, with noncrossing interactions within a square plaquette, in terms of a determinant of a 4×4 matrix.
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Shigeo Homma, Hirotsugu Matsuda, Naofumi Ogita, Kazuhiro Sano
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
880-887
Published: March 15, 1993
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Thermodynamic properties of antiferromagnetic quantum
XY-model (
s=1⁄2) on a triangular lattice are studied by the Decoupled Cell Monte Carlo Method (DCM). The decoupled cell (DC) used in this study consists of 7 spins. The size
N of systems are 15*15, 30*30, 45*45, respectively. Detailed studies of spin pair correlation functions for both
x- and
z-components are performed at various temperatures. The results suggest that the existence of the shortrange three sublattice structure. The mean square magnetization of a sublattice for the
x-component does not depend on
N, whereas that of the
z-component shows a strong dependence on N below a certain temperature.
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L. L. Kiang, P. K. Teng, G. C. Kiang, W. S. Chang, P. J. Tu
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
888-897
Published: March 15, 1993
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The excited states of
110Cd populated by the beta decay of
110mAg have been studied extensively. With a HpGe–NaI(T
l) Compton suppression spectrometer 64 γ-rays are observed and identified. Coincidence spectra and eight γ-γ directional correlation functions are obtained with a HpGe–HpGe coincidence circuit. IBA and BSDI calculations are presented to discuss the energy levels as well as the
B(
E2) ratios of the γ-transitions.
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B. S. Bains, R. K. Bansal
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
898-900
Published: March 15, 1993
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Magnetic dipole sum rules for proton stripping reactions have been applied to calculate the magnetic moments of some targets. The spectroscopic factors from stripping reactions data have been used as input parameters in the sum rule equations.
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Kawaldeep, Vijay Kumar, K. S. Dhillon, K. Singh
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
901-910
Published: March 15, 1993
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Intensities of strong and weak gamma radiations emitted in the decay of
152Eu have been measured using a 96.0 cm
3 HPGe detector. Summing corrections due to cascading gamma rays have also been applied. Some new weak transitions reported earlier have been confirmed and some of them have been rejected by carefully analysing gamma ray single spectra. The measured gamma ray intensities were used to determine
K-capture probabilities to the excited states of
152Sm by KX-ray-gamma-ray sum coincidence methods.
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Kouhei Okitsu
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
911-917
Published: March 15, 1993
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A new type of X-ray diffraction interferometry is described, in which σ- and π-polarized X-rays diffracted by a sample crystal interfere with each other. A reversal of image contrast in ‘polarization interference topograph’ due to contrary sign of a spherical strain field in a crystal is demonstrated in terms of numerical simulations by Takagi-Taupin’s dynamical theory. Further, a feasibility of ‘polarization holography’ of X-ray diffraction is pointed out.
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Toshihiro Okamoto, Masanobu Haraguchi, Masuo Fukui, Hiroshi Kawakami, ...
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
918-925
Published: March 15, 1993
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We have numerically investigated optical bistability (OB) in a TaFD9 prism/Ag film/PDA-4BCMU film/air geometry. 4BCMU films are dealt as nonlinear optic films with Kerr nonlinearity. In the geometry of our interest surface plasmon polaritons and guided waves can be excited. Numerical calculations have been carried out for TE- and TM-polarized incident lights. In the case of guided waves the critical power density required for OB is less than 1 W/cm
2 under a certain condition. This is a promising value to realize actual optic devices.
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J. Qian
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
926-932
Published: March 15, 1993
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Two possible reasons are analyzed to explain why the Kolmogorov constant, obtained by direct numerical simulations and large-eddy numerical simulations conducted in recent years, is a pseudo Kolmogorov constant which is appreciably higher than the real (or theoretical) Kolmogorov constant. Firstly, the viscous effect dies away slowly as the wavenumber decreases and persists outside the narrow range near the Kolmogorov wavenumber. Secondly, the resolution of the numerical simulations is limited (
e.g. 128
3) and the observed
k−5⁄3 range is narrow, so long-range triad interactions are excluded. In order to obtain the real Kolmogorov constant as well as to observe the Kolmogorov inertial subrange in numerical simulations, the resolution of simulations must be much higher than 128
3.
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Takenobu Nakao, Miki Wadati
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
933-947
Published: March 15, 1993
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Davey-Stewartson equation of type one (DS1 equation) is studied by the inverse scattering method. The Riemann-Hilbert problem is derived from the scattering problem for the DS1 equation. Dromion solutions are obtained and their properties are investigated.
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Kanji Tsurugida, Nobuaki Ikuta
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
948-958
Published: March 15, 1993
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The effect of secondary electron emission from the cathode on the ionization current multiplication in the non-self-sustaining Townsend condition is investigated adopting the frequency response method. Measurement is carried out in N
2 gas and the property of N
2(A
3Σu+) metastable molecules is analysed discriminating it from other secondary processes due to ions and photons in the frequency domain. The results are consistent with the data of transient current analyses. The frequency response method may be valid for the detailed analyses of the secondary processes in the total ionization current system.
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Akane Agui, Yusuke Nakai, Kohji Mizoguchi, Susumu Ikeda, Yasunori Tomi ...
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
959-964
Published: March 15, 1993
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Hydrogen and PO
4 modes in RbH
2PO
4 (RDP) have been investigated by inelastic neutron scattering and Raman scattering experiments. Two large peaks at 124 meV and 159 meV in neutron scattering spectra are confirmed to hydrogen modes by comparing with Raman scattering spectra. These peak widths change around the ferroelectric phase transition temperature. This is considered to be due to the order or disorder of the PO
4 tetrahedrons which affect the motion of hydrogen atoms.
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Kêichiro Aizu
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
965-969
Published: March 15, 1993
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This paper proposes a second type of transitions from prototypic phases to simultaneously incommensurate and ferroelectric phases when the number of proper order parameters,
Np, equals one. This type differs from the first type in the following respects: In the second type, the number of subsidiary order parameters equals two (
not one), the gradient-linear term is second degree (
not third degree) with respect to the order parameters, and the transition can be second order (
not must be first order). The \bar4
m2-
A2-
E case, where
A2 is the irreducible representation for the proper order parameter and
E for the subsidiary order parameters, is investigated as exemplifying the second type. Although the reverse case, i.e., the \bar4
m2-
E-
A2 case has
Np≠1, it is also investigated for the sake of comparison.
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Hideo Shioda, Yohtaro Ueno
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
970-980
Published: March 15, 1993
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We apply our Monte Carlo twist method to the antiferromagnetic Ising model on square lattices in several uniform fields imposing fixed boundary conditions. We have estimated the critical temperature
Tc and critical exponent ν at each field. The former well agree with the analytic results of Müller-Hartmann and Zittartz, and the latter are all close to ν=1. We have calculated the finite-size critical-point amplitude of the interfacial free energy
Ξ0 which is believed to be universal. Our estimate of
Ξ0 at zero field is in good agreement with the analytic result of Abraham and Svraki\'{c}. We also report for the first time estimates of
Ξ0 at finite fields. Further, comparison is made with results of Mon and Jasnow.
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Takashi Nagatani
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
981-989
Published: March 15, 1993
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A growth model is presented to simulate the diffusion-limited aggregation pattern appearing in the formation process of thin films deposited by sputtering or evaporation. In the submonolayer range of deposits, aggregates are controlled by the sticking probability of sputtered (or vaporing) particles, the ballistic motion of particles and Brownian motion of particles on the deposition plate. By using computer simulation it is found that the deposit at early stage of growth becomes a quasi-two dimensional structure extending on the deposition plate at a typical height of a few particles. The pattern obtained by the computer simulation is similar to that found in experiments. A top view of the structure of clusters deposited on the plate shows the DLA fractal at low particle numbers. The cluster-size distribution
ns(
t) obeys the dynamic scaling:
ns(
t)≈
tws−τf(
s⁄
tz) (τ=0.92±0.03,
z=0.34±0.01, and
w=0.58±0.03) where the cutoff function
f(
x) is a constant for
x<<1. The scaling structure of the deposit shows a characteristic property definitely different from those of the diffusion-limited cluster-cluster aggregation (CCA).
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Makoto Kuwabara, Yoshiyuki Ono
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
990-996
Published: March 15, 1993
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Amplitude mode around a moving soliton in polyacetylene is studied by the numerical simulations of the motion of the charged soliton in an external electric field within Su, Schrieffer and Heeger’s model. Its shape is visualized by numerically subtracting the Goldstone mode from the time derivatives of the lattice displacements, which are thought to be decomposed into linear normal modes around the (moving) soliton. The frequency of the amplitude mode as a function of the soliton velocity is estimated from the oscillations of the soliton width and the lattice potential energy, the latter oscillation being considered to be induced mainly by the amplitude oscillation. The frequency is found to increase as the velocity deviates from zero.
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Boris A. Malomed
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
997-1000
Published: March 15, 1993
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It is demonstrated that a traveling electromagnetic or acoustic wave drags a phase soliton in a nearly commensurated CDW conductor at a velocity proportional to the square of the wave’s amplitude. The traveling-wave-induced drift of the charged soliton gives rise to specific photoelectric (actually, radioelectric) and acoustoelectric effects in the conductor containing “frozen” unipolar solitons. These effects can be used to indirectly detect the CDW solitons, and to estimate their size (the cutoff wavelength of the driving wave coincides with a characteristic size of the soliton).
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Kazuya Saito, Harukazu Yoshino, Koichi Kikuchi, Keiji Kobayashi, Isao ...
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
1001-1005
Published: March 15, 1993
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The thermopowers of (DMET)
2AuI
2 and (DMET)
2Au(CN)
2 were measured between liquid helium and room temperatures. In addition to the metallic thermopower above the SDW transition temperature (16 and 24 K for (DMET)
2AuI
2 and (DMET)
2Au(CN)
2, respectively), a large excess contribution probably due to the SDW fluctuation was detected below about 70 K.
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Kenichi Tenya, Hideki Miyajima, Yoshichika Otani, Yuuichi Ishikawa, Sh ...
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
1006-1016
Published: March 15, 1993
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Magnetic field and temperature dependences of magnetic torque and magnetic relaxation were investigated on Y–Ba–Cu–O superconducting systems containing Y
2BaCuO
5 artificial particulate precipitates. Two different types of pinning forces were found to act on fluxoids. One is the intrinsic pinning force due to a layered structure of Cu–O planes and the other is the extrinsic pinning force due to Y
2BaCuO
5 precipitates. The intrinsic pinning force is effective when the applied magnetic field is lying within an angle
Δθ out of the Cu–O planes. The pinning potential obtained from the magnetic relaxation measurements is expressed by the form of log (
Jc⁄
j) where
j is the shielding current density. The pinning mechanism is discussed in terms of the planar pinning at the precipitates and the transformation of fluxoid lines from stepwise to linear.
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Takayuki Iwamatsu, Hiromoto Uwe
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
1017-1024
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Superconductivity and the normal-state uniform magnetic susceptibility for Bi
2Sr
zCa
3−zCu
2O
y (
z=1–2) have been studied.
Tc and the oxygen content
y stay nearly constant with
z, while the magnetic property exhibits a remarkable variation. The temperature dependence of the susceptibility exhibits a broad maximum at
Tmax, which increases from 70 K to
ca. 300 K with decreasing
z from 2.0 to 1.0. Since the lattice parameter along the
c-axis decreases remarkably with decreasing
z, while those along the
a and
b axes remain nearly constant, the antiferromagnetic coupling between Cu spins in adjacent CuO
2 layers is suggested. The constant
Tc with the remarkable change of the magnetic properties implies inappropriateness of the spin-fluctuation mechanism for the high-
Tc superconductivity.
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Kazuko Zenmyo, Hidenori Kubo
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
1025-1030
Published: March 15, 1993
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The detailed magnetic phase boundary between antiferromagnetic and reentrant spin glass phases is determined by the (dis) appearance of a satellite line in NMR spectra caused by protons in a spin glass state. Transition temperatures for compositions around
x=0.6 are found to be lower than the transition temperatures in other concentration regions. In the intermediate concentration region between
x=0.47 and
x=0.73, a Co-type antiferromagnetic ordering coexists with a Mn-type ordering. The quantity of spins in a spin glass state is estimated from relative intensities of a main line and its satellite lines. This is found to be about 40±10% of the total spins at 1.45 K, for 0.47\lesssim
x\lesssim0.73.
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Takeshi Mamori, Masanori Matoba, Shuichiro Anzai, Atsushi Fujimori
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
1031-1036
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The effect of Rh substitution on the electronic structure of charge transfer type compound NiS is studied by XPS. We find the following results. (1) A narrow band is newly superimposed on the main peak (
d8L) of NiS in the valence band region and its width increases with
x. (2) The peak position and the line shape of Rh 3
d core level spectra are very close to that of Rh metal. (3) The S 2
s and the S 2
p3⁄2 core level peaks shift toward higher binding energy (
EB) with increasing
x. (4) The Ni 2
p3⁄2 core level main peak (
d9L) shifts toward lower
EB with increasing
x. (5) The
EB separation of the Ni 2
p3⁄2 main and satellite peaks decreases as
x increases, while the relative intensity of the latter peak to the former one increases. We suggest a tentative model that a Mott-Hubbard type metallic
d-band is superimposed on charge transfer type host NiS, and that this contribution is one of the electronic origin for d
Tt⁄d
x<0 reported previously. The origin of the metallic band is attributed to the Rh–Rh and/or Ni–Rh interactions in Ni
1−xRh
xS.
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Shigeru Takagi, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Takashi Kusumoto
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
1037-1043
Published: March 15, 1993
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We have performed the
119Sn NMR, magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity and Hall effect measurements on a recently discovered heavy-electron compound U
3Au
3Sn
4. The system is found to be in the incoherent Kondo state above about 40 K. Even under the presence of a large residual resistivity, the onset of coherence in the electronic system becomes evident below about 20 K in both ρ(
T) and
RH(
T), but it does not manifest itself in
T1−1(
T). Observed almost T-independent
T1−1(
T) below about 20 K, however, is not considered as due to development of strongly
q-dependent spin fluctuation (SF), since an analysis in terms of the Wilson ratio rather suggests a localized character of the SF.
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Yoshihiro Ishibashi
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
1044-1047
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The structure of the 90°-wall in the tetragonal phase of BaTiO
3-type ferroelectrics is studied on the basis of the Landau free energy. The wall thickness of the 90°-wall is found to be much thicker than the one for the 180°-wall.
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Hiroki Kurisu, Teruo Komatsu, Tsutomu Karasawa
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
1048-1056
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Optical absorption and photoluminescence due to excitons in BiI
3 crystals have been measured under hydrostatic pressures up to 1.5 GPa at 77 K and 300 K. The direct exciton absorption band shows a red shift under pressure with a coefficient of −1.0×10
2 meV/GPa. The low energy tail of this band obeys the Urbach rule under all pressures. The steepness coefficient σ in the Urbach rule increases from 1.03 to 1.22 as pressure increases from atmospheric pressure to 1 GPa. The intensity of a photoluminescence from a self-trapped exciton state diminishes with increasing pressure, which is complemented by strengthening of the band edge photoluminescence. The behavior of the photoluminescence intensities and the steepness coefficient under pressure is discussed in terms of the instability of the self-trapped exciton state due to the change in the exciton-phonon interaction.
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Sigeo Yomosa
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
1057-1075
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From the ageinvariancy of the emmetropic condition, it is shown that the emmetropicity is maintained mainly by the balance between the effect caused by the age-related increases in the curvature of the surfaces of the unaccommodative lens and that caused by the age-related changes in the refractive indices of the lens and the vitreous, and from this, some important expectations on the age-related changes in these refractive indices are derived. From the analysis of age-dependent variation of accommodative amplitude, it is concluded that the age-related decline of accommodative amplitude is brought about mainly by the age-related decreases in the changes in the radii of curvature of the surfaces of the lens during accommodation and subsidiarily by the age-related changes in the refractive indices of the lens and the vitreous. “The lens paradox” is theoretically explained by using our formula on accommodation.
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E. V. Krishnan
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
1076-1077
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Shinji Muramatsu
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
1078-1079
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Takashi Sakuma
1993 Volume 62 Issue 3 Pages
1080
Published: March 15, 1993
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