Journal of Environmental Conservation Engineering
Online ISSN : 1882-8590
Print ISSN : 0388-9459
ISSN-L : 0388-9459
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Volume 37, Issue 9
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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  • Study on the Application of Water Hammer Pressure in Pressure Treatment of Blue Green Algae
    Tatsuhisa HAMADA, Shigekatsu ENDO
    2008 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 655-663
    Published: September 20, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5956/jriet.37.655
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    If a fresh water region becomes eutrophic, the phenomenon that is called “Aoko” is generated. It has been a serious social problem that water-bloom mingle with drinking water and be rotten an cause offensive odor. However, measures against water-bloom damage have not been established. Blue-green-algae produces photosynthesis while alive and floating on the water. Also, blue-green-algae has the gas vacuoles that has the floatage ability. The gas vacuoles of blue-green-algae are an important organ for the life of water bloom. Therefore, for this research, pressure was used on living blue-green algae cells in water and the damage on the cell was examined. The result was that when the pressuring velocity is as fast as the water hammer pressure could act, it was shown to be effective in the destruction of the gas vacuole and the cell.
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  • Effects of C/N on Mesophilic Continuous Hydrogen Fermentation of Starch by Mixed Culture
    Yohei AKUTSU, Yu-You LI, Hideki HARADA
    2008 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 664-670
    Published: September 20, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5956/jriet.37.664
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The effects of C/N on mesophilic continuous hydrogen fermentation were investigated by varying C/N from 3 to 222. A total of 6 identical completely stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) were separately operated at each C/N. This study revealed that C/N is an important parameter for hydrogen fermentation. Suitable C/N values for mesophilic continuous hydrogen fermentation were between 3-22. When C/N was higher than 22, substrate degradation efficiency, bacterial growth and hydrogen yield were decreased, respectively. The stoichiometric equation of hydrogen fermentation at C/N 5 was expressed as follows: starch → 1.67n H2 + 1.31n CO2 + 0.76n butyrate + 0.54n acetate + 0.14n biomass (C5H8.42O2.98N0.99S0.02) . It was also indicated that part of the hydrogen produced was consumed by hydrogentrophic homoacetogenes.
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  • The Influence of the Newly Dosed UV Rate Distribution Estimation Method on Predictions of Disinfection Effects in UV Disinfection Reactors
    Nobuhito YASUI, Naoyuki KAMIKO, Tatsuyuki IWASAKI
    2008 Volume 37 Issue 9 Pages 671-677
    Published: September 20, 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5956/jriet.37.671
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    According to “Cryptosporidium countermeasures in waterworks” from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in Japan, usage of UV was conditionally accepted. However, since disinfection effects are determined by the UV dose, which is expressed by the multiplication of the UV dose rate and the distributing residence time, in general the prediction of the disinfection effect is difficult.
    In this study, inactivation experiments and tracer experiments were conducted using two UV disinfection reactors and prediction of the performance of one reactor whose efficiency was higher than the results of another reactor which had a more uniform UV dose rate was attempted. From the results, the predicted value of the disinfection effect using a newly developed modified radial light demonstrated the measured value appropriately rather than with radial light. Moreover, when modified radial light was used, it turned out that the disinfection effect was in the range from the UV dose calculated by UV dose rate on the inner surface of the outside reactor tube, to the average UV dose rate.
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