Journal of Environmental Conservation Engineering
Online ISSN : 1882-8590
Print ISSN : 0388-9459
ISSN-L : 0388-9459
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Volume 41, Issue 3
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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  • Analysis of a Regional Partnership Structure for Food and Energy in a Low Carbon Society
    A forecast of self-sufficiency potential using biomass from primary industries in Hokkaido, Japan
    Toshiki SATO, Nobuyuki TSUJI, Noriyuki TANAKA, Mitsuru OSAKI
    2012 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 130-137
    Published: March 20, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5956/jriet.41.130
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In this paper, a self -sufficient structure for regional partnership regarding food, energy and CO2 with the goal of a low carbon society, was proposed and studied for Hokkaido, Japan. Production based on biomass and consumption of food and energy in each region of Hokkaido in 2030 was forecasted and food and energy self-sufficient potential in each region was clarified. The emissions, reduction, and absorption levels of CO2 were projected in the same way. From the results of the forecast, it is clear that the complement between urban and rural areas makes the establishment of food and energy self-sufficiency in Hokkaido potentially feasible. It is indicated that the urban areas must compensate for the food and energy they receive from the rural areas.
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  • Monitoring of Fecal Bacteria in a Coastal Recreation Area during Summer Months
    Takashi FURUKAWA, Hayato KAWABATA, Yoshihiro SUZUKI
    2012 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 138-145
    Published: March 20, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5956/jriet.41.138
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Fecal coliform (FC)and enterococci(ENT), frequently used as fecal indicators were monitored in the coastal recreation area of Miyazaki, Japan, from June to September 2009. The FC and ENT counts in coastal water were found to range from Below detection limits(BDL)to 6.3× 103CFU/100 mL and from BDL to 5.2× 102CFU/100 mL, respectively. These counts varied depending on the numbers of sampling days and stations, and exceeded the criteria for marine recreation water recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency during sampling events. Both bacteria showed a significant positive correlation with rainfall (FC:r=0.83, ENT:r=0.99), and a negative correlation with salinity (FC:r=-0.60, ENT :r=-0.75). In the identification test of enterococcal strains using PCR, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis were detected at high frequencies in some stations. Our findings demonstrate that during heavy rains, some stations in the coastal recreation area could be affected by fecal pollution from human and livestock feces with the inflow of inland water.
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  • Screening of Microbial Consortium to Produce Hydrogen Gas from Cellulosic Biomass
    Takanobu NARITA, Makiko SAKKA, Kenji MORIMOTO, Tetsuya KIMURA, Kazuo S ...
    2012 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 146-152
    Published: March 20, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5956/jriet.41.146
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This study was aimed to obtain a microbial consortium capable of fermenting cellulosic biomass at 60°C and producing hydrogen gas. We obtained the microbial consortium C-2 from compost samples by the culture experiment using ball-milled cellulose (BMC) as a carbon source-containing medium. For the hydrogen gas production, the optimum cultivation condition of the microbial consortium was obtained from the result of the experiment using 3-L jar fermenters: pH 7.2, agitation speed of 200 rpm, and temperature of 60°C. The amount of hydrogen gas production was 1.37 mol-H2/mol-hexose under the optimal condition. The analysis of organic acids in the hydrogen fermentation under the optimal condition suggested that hydrogen gas was produced by the microbial consotium mainly via acetic acid. Clostridium stercorarium was found to dominate at 55.2% in the microbial consortium from the result of 16S rDNA clone libraries analysis. It was concluded that the microbial consortium C-2 is capable of fermenting cellulosic biomass at 60°C and producing stable hydrogen gas.
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