In order to prevent atmospheric particulate matter around the main roadside and large parking area, a repeated impaction facility without an increase of pressure drop was developed. Collection efficiency was amplified up to 81% when 50 impaction stages were used. Observation using an electron microscope suggests the collection of not only coarse particles but also partially fine particles. According to the result of the chamber experiment conducted separately, the increase in the number of impaction stages is expected in the promotion of the collection efficiency in the future.
In this study, the number of influenza patients treated with anti-influenza drugs oseltamivir and zanamivir during the influenza outbreak seasons in 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 in Kyoto district was estimated by monitoring drug concentrations in influent at sewage treatment plants. The results were positively correlated with values estimated by the Pharmacy Surveillance Institute of the Infectious Disease Surveillance Center in the National Institute of Infectious Disease, Japan. Our estimation method of the number of influenza patients has the potential to be used as a tool for epidemiological surveillance of other infectious diseases.