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Volume 19 (1978)
- Issue 4 Pages 287-
- Issue 3 Pages 175-
- Issue 2 Pages 101-
- Issue 1 Pages 62-
Volume 19, Issue 3
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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R. C. MILLER, J. T. LEITH, R. C. VEOMETT, E. W. GERNER1978 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 175-180
Published: September 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAssessment has been made on the effects of interstitial irradiation from 226Ra and localized hyperthermia, either alone or in combination, on the growth of a transplantable mammary sarcoma (EMT6) in the mouse. Tumor responses to the combined treatments indicated a maked interaction of these two agents. Localized hyperthermia (43°Celsius, 1 hr) combined with interstitial irradiation led to greater than a 60 percent reduction in tumor volume after 4 days of continuous treatment, compared to only a 20 percent reduction in tumor volume when either agent was given alone. These data suggest that such combined treatment may be of benefit in certain localized human cancers in which interstitial radiation treatment is in current use.View full abstractDownload PDF (252K) -
Z. DIENSTBIER, P. KLIR, J. POSPISIL, E. SKALA1978 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 181-188
Published: September 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe antiheparin activity of the platelet poor blood plasma increased after the whole-body exposure of rats to 25, 50, 100, 200, 500, 800 R, the increase being directly dependent on the exposure used. The antiheparin activity increased up to 360 min after the exposure, except for the animals exposed to 80O R where it increased only to 180 min after the exposure.
The increase of the blood plasma antiheparin activity after the 4-hrs strees resulting from the immobilization of the animals was demonstrated in the 24-hrs interval after the immobilization, however, was not observed 30 min after the immobilization.
The possibility of the diagnostic use of the antiheparin activity is discussed in the work.View full abstractDownload PDF (332K) -
ZOFIA JÓZWIAK, WANDA LEYKO1978 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 189-196
Published: September 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of gamma irradiation on free nucleotides content of hog blood erythrocytes, platelets and lymphocytes in the dose range of 0.5-500 krad, 1 h after irradiation, was examined. In the dose range of 0.25-7 krad significant changes of AMP level were found in all 3 types of cells. In the dose of 30-500 krad significant changes of adenine nucleotides were observed only for blood platelets, concerning AMP, ADP and ATP. The values of adenylate energy charge indicate acceleration of ATP generating sequences in the dose range of 0.5-5 krad. It is suggested that changes of energy charge belong to the first indices of radiationinduced damage.View full abstractDownload PDF (354K) -
A. L. BHATIA, M. L. GUPTA, R. P. SINGH1978 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 197-204
Published: September 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe low-level toxicity of the tritium has been studied on the adult mice liver. A group of adult mice was irradiated continuously at the radioactivity of 1.25 μCi/ml of drinking water up to 30 days and the liver was studied on 1, 5, 7, 15 and 30 days after initiation of treatment. In early intervals, a gradual increase in the degree of damage in the form of histopathological lesions like cytoplasmic vacuolation and degranulation, pycnosis, hemorrhage and lymphocytic infiltration etc. was noticed which reaches to maximum on day 7, after which it was found a bit repaired on the following interval (15 days) and on 30th day exhibited almost a near-normal hepatic architecture with a few histopathological lesions viz. edema and leukocytic infiltration.View full abstractDownload PDF (662K) -
Y. UJENO1978 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 205-212
Published: September 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relationship between natural background radiation and cancer death in 329 cities and countries in Japan, was analyzed using external radiation survey and epidemiological data. Inspite of the lack of epidemiological data, a relationship of incidences of male and female stomach cancer death due to natural background radiation was observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (328K) -
T. YAMAMOTO, Y. SHIMIZU1978 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 213-227
Published: September 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study was made of the relation to atomic bomb radiation of 535 cases of gastaic carcinoma among 4, 694 deaths occurring in a fixed population of Hiroshima and Nagasaki who were autopsied between 1961 and 1974. The proportion of all autopsies with gastric carcinoma as autopsy diagnosis tended to be high in the high dose group, but it could not be concluded with the present amount of information that there is a relation between gastric carcinoma and radiation in this autopsy study. Although no specific distribution of the histological types of gastric carcinoma was noted by radiation dose, the data indicated increases in the degree of extension of tumor cells in the gastric wall and the degree of metastasis to the lymph nodes seemed to be high in the high dose group.View full abstractDownload PDF (524K) -
K. J. MORI, K. KUMAGAI, Y. ITO1978 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 228-235
Published: September 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of carragheenan, a macrophage-toxic agent, on lethality of irradiated animals was studied in order to elucidate the possible participation of stromal elements on haemopoietic function. Treatment of mice with the agent resulted in an impaired differentiation of CFUc from CFUs which is considered to be responsible for the lower survival of the carragheenantreated animals after irradiation.View full abstractDownload PDF (308K) -
Y. NISHIMURA, J. INABA, R. ICHIKAWA1978 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 236-245
Published: September 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFetal uptake of 60CoCl2 and 57Co-cyanocobalamin was investigated in different gestation stages of rats. The fetal uptake of 60CoCl2 24 hrs after administration to pregnant rat slightly increased with the progress of gestation age at the administration but taking account of the growth of the fetus the value expressed in terms of concentration of 60Co 24 hrs after injection decreased on the contrary. In the case of 57Co-cyanocobalamin the fetal uptake 24 hrs after administration to pregnant rat increased markedly when the time of injection was in later stag of pregnancy. Fetal accumulation of 57Co-cyanocobalamin increased with time after injection and the retrograde transfer from fetus to mother was not observed. The amount of 57Co-cyanocobalamin in the placenta is the greatest immediately after administration followed by a gradual decrease thereafter. Since the amount of radiocobalt transferred through placenta in both chemical forms is greater than that accumulated in placenta, this organ does not seem to play a role as a barrier to both forms of radiocobalt. It was observed that 1-2% of maternal dose of 57Co-cyanocobalamin were transferred to sucklings via milk. The amount of milk-born cyanocobalamin in sucklings is dependent on the gestation age at the time of dosing.View full abstractDownload PDF (387K) -
M. UCHIYAMA1978 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 246-261
Published: September 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe biological half-life of 137Cs in the total body of human subjects was determined in 23 individuals of Japanese male adult in their normal works by measuring amount of 137Cs in both their total body and daily urine in the same period. For the group, the value was determined by averaging the half-lives for individuals, by comparing the mean body burden and the mean daily urinary excretion, or by applying a curve fitting method to the body burden estimate. The biological half-life averaged 86 days, ranging from 50 to 161 days. The averages of the biological half-lives for the group were 83, 87 and 82 days in the different periods of observation. By the curve fitting method, 85 days was found for the group. The biological half-life for the individuals depended on both body weight and age, to a lesser extent, of the subjects.View full abstractDownload PDF (612K) -
MICHITO ICHIMARU, TORANOSUKE ISHIMARU, JOSEPH L. BELSKY1978 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 262-282
Published: September 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe leukemogenic effect of atomic radiation was examined in relation to age at the time of the bomb (ATB), calendar time, and type of leukemia over the period 1950-71. Confirmed cases of leukemia in the Leukemia Registry, a fixed cohort of 109, 000 subjects and the T65 dose calculations provided the basis for the analysis. Calendar time was divided into three periods, 5-10, 10-15, and 15-26 years after the bombs. The larger the exposure dose and the younger the age ATB, the greater was the effect in the early period and the more rapid was the decline in risk in subsequent years. In the oldest group, aged 45 or over ATB, the increase in risk appeared later and was sustained in the period 1960-71. Chronic granulocytic leukemia contributed substantially to the total leukemogenic effect initially but made little contribution after 1955. Sensitivity to the leukemogenic effect of atomic radiation not only depended on age ATB but its expression varied by type of leukemia and with time after exposure.
Although the effect of atomic radiation on the incidence of leukemia in the atomic survivors is now greatly reduced and apparently on the wane, in the period 1966-71 the incidence was still greater than expected, especially in Hiroshima. In the Nagasaki sample, no case of leukemia was observed among the high-dose subjects from July 1966 to the end of 1971.View full abstractDownload PDF (760K) -
K. J. MORI, K. KUMAGAI, Y. ITO1978 Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 283-286
Published: September 15, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: July 14, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDifference between carbon particles and bacterial endotoxin in their modes of radioprotection was examined. Radioprotection by bacterial endotoxin was carried out without corresponding enhancement of the haemopoietic stem cell survival, whereas the increased survival of the carbon treated animals was in good accordance with the enhancement of the survival of the haemopoietic stem cells in the treated animals. Radioprotection by bacterial endotoxin, therefore, seems to be due to the enhanced induction of the differentiation of the stem cells to recruit functioning blood cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (138K)
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