Journal of Radiation Research
Online ISSN : 1349-9157
Print ISSN : 0449-3060
Volume 25, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
  • SUSUMU TSUBOUCHI, EIICHI KANO, YOSHIO NISHIMOTO, WATARU NAKAMURA
    1984 Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 131-139
    Published: June 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Whole-body hyperthermia on small intestine
    Effect of microwave-induced whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) was examined using ddY/ SLC mice for the basic understandings of the critical organs. The treatment at 43.5°C for 20 min resulted in the mortality ratio of 30-40% within several hours, the peak of 3 hours. The other mice survived thereafter showed no specific critical disease. The examination of autopsy evinced, a considerable amount of the body fluid leaked into intestinal lumen due to the transitory denudation of the epithelial cells of the small intestinal villi within 3 hours, whereas epithelial cells of the crypts appeared intact until these cells of villi were completely denuded. After 6-9 hours, cryptal epithelial cells regenerated in some of the animals which probably could survive at least for more than the one day if they were not sacrificed. At 24 hours, the mucosa showed normal appearance with recovered long villi and normal cellularity in crypt. Thus, the histology of the mice died within the one day suggested, the complete denudation of the villus epithelial cells might be one of the initial events leading to death. These results suggest as follows: 1) One of the critical organs of the WBH is mucosa of the small intestine. 2) WBH affects the epithelial cells of intestinal villi whereas those of the crypts are not injured, in contrast radiation effect is mainly given on the proliferative epithelial cells, i.e., of the crypts.
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  • T. WATABE, H. KAMADA
    1984 Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 140-149
    Published: June 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Contents of 137Cs, 54Mn and 60Co in pine needles were investigated in the vicinity of the nuclear power plant in Tsuruga-shi, Fukui Prefecture. Concentrations of 54Mn and 60Co decreased, independent of the 137Cs level, with the increase of the distance from the plant and showed a similar pattern of distribution to that determined by the Gaussian plume model under the slightly unstable stability condition of the atmosphere.
    These nuclides were so efficiently retained in pine needles that any of them could not be readily removed by washing with water. The differentiation in retention was supposed to be hardly effected by rainfall and other weathering processes among these nuclides.
    The retention of radionuclide in pine needles was examined by using the radioactivity ratio of 54Mn to 60Co. The values gradually decreased during the period studied with the rate depending only upon the physical decay constants. It was suggested that to some extent radionuclide was retained in pine needles during at least two years and that there was not so great an additional load of these nuclides during that term.
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  • MASAHIRO WATATANI, HIDEAKI OHTANI, SHIN-ICHIRO TAKAI, MITUO IKENAGA
    1984 Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 150-159
    Published: June 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Host cell reactivation of plaque-forming ability of ultraviolet light (UV)-irradiated adenovirus 5 was compared between skin fibroblasts derived from 6 unrelated patients with Cockayne syndrome (CS) and those from normal donors. UV survivals of adenovirus were determined with two different virus stocks, one prepared by infecting to HeLa cells and the other prepared from hamster BHK cells. For both of these virus stocks UV survival curves obtained using CS cells showed two components with an initial sensitive portion followed by a component having almost normal sensitivity. This made a marked contrast to the single-hit inactivation curves obtained with normal cells. Consequently, at low UV dose ranges, CS cells were 2-3 times less able to reactivate the UV-inactivated adenovirus than normal cells. These results further support our hypothesis that CS cells may be partially defective in excision repair of damaged DNA.
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  • FADHIL M. SALIH
    1984 Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 160-169
    Published: June 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Misonidazole sensitized anoxic spores of Bacillus megaterium against the lethal action of gamma radiation to an extent amounting to about 30% of the level achieved by O2. An enhancement by misonidazole, equal in magnitude to that occurring in anoxia, was seen in spores at an O2 concentration obtained by equilibrating with 1.2 or 2.2% O2 in N2 gas. At these two concentrations of 02 the enhancing actions of O2 and misonidazole were additive. No effect of misonidazole was observed with spores equilibrated with 3.0 or 4.1% O2 in N2 gas. At high O2 concentrations (equilibration with air or 100% O2) misonidazole protected the spores to a small extent against lethal action of radiation. The mechanistic implications of the enhancing action of O2 in spores are given.
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  • Y. SADAIE, T. KADA, Y. OHTA, K. KOBAYASHI, K. HIEDA, T. ITO
    1984 Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 170-173
    Published: June 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Prophages were induced from Bacillus subtilis spores lysogenic with SPO2 by ultraviolet (160 nm to 240 nm) irradiation from synchrotron orbital radiation (SR UV). SR UV at around 220 nm was most effective in the inactivation of spores and prophage induction from lysogenic spores, suggesting that the lesions are produced on the DNA molecule which eventually induces signals to inactivate the phage repressor.
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  • S. K. BASU, M. N. SRINIVASAN, K. CHUTTANI, A. GHOSE
    1984 Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 174-182
    Published: June 15, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Effect of some radioprotectors on the urinary deoxycitidine (CdR) excretion during first 24 hr after 7 Gy whole body γ-irradiation was studied in rats. The marked increase in CdR excretion due to the 5 Gy irradiation was effectively brought down to a sufficiently low level by pretreatments with (1) combination of hydroxytryptophan (HT) and β-mercaptopropionylglycine (MPG), (2) combination of HT and small dose of 2-aminoethylisothiuronium bromide hydrobromide (AET) and (3) optimum radioprotecting dose of AET. Pretreatments with MPG, HT and the low dose of AET all given singly also lowered the CdR excretion to smaller extents. None of the radioprotectors by themselves had any effect on urinary CdR excretion. The study also confirmed the earlier observation that CdR excretion in urine increased with the dose of whole body irradiation upto 6 Gy.
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