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Volume 29 (1988)
- Issue 4 Pages 211-
- Issue 3 Pages 161-
- Issue 2 Pages 131-
- Issue 1 Pages 97-
Volume 29, Issue 4
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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KAZUSHI SUGAMOTO, HIROSHI KIMURA, HIROSHI KAWASHIMA, TAKAHIRO ITOJIMA, ...1988 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 211-219
Published: December 15, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntraperitoneal administration of adrenochrome monoaminoguanidine methanesulfonate (AMM) enhanced recovery from radiation-induced leukopenia. The effects of AMM administered in vivo and in vitro on survival of GM-CFC, a committed progenitor cell, were examined using an in vitro colony formation method. The survival was increased when AMM was administered intraperitoneally to C57BL mice 30 min before irradiation and when bone marrow which included GM-CFC was isolated 4 h after irradiation to examine in vitro colony formation. On the other hand, incubation of isolated bone marrow cells with AMM from 30 min before and to 4 h after X-irradiation had no effect on the survival. These results suggest that some processes may be required to function in mice for AMM to have effect. When the serum prepared from rabbits which had been injected with AMM 4 h before irradiation was added to isolated bone marrow cells, the survival of GM-CFC was increased with each dose of irradiation. The activity was not lost after dialysis of the serum. It is concluded from these observations that some substances in the serum which enhance survival of GM-CFC may be induced or activated by intraperitoneal administration of AMM, thereby accelerating recovery from radiation-induced leukopenia.View full abstractDownload PDF (338K) -
TADATERU TAKAHASHI, HIROMITSU WATANABE, YOSHIKI NAKAGAWA, MASAHIRO MOR ...1988 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 220-228
Published: December 15, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe tumorigenicity of 252Cf, a nuclide being used as a neutron source, was examined in B6C3F1 mice. Both sexes of mice were exposed to 252Cf at different doses of 0 (control), 12.5, 50 or 200 cGy at 6 weeks of age. They were observed for 13 months after exposure. Among the mice exposed to 200 cGy of 252Cf, hepatic tumor was found 55% in male and 29% in female, values being significantly higher than those of the unirradiated controls. Furthermore, the incidence of hepatic tumors increased dose dependently in both sexes (correlation coefficient in males r = 0.72, in females r = 0.98). Number of hepatic tumors and average tumor size correlated to the tumor incidence. Tumor sites were found most frequently in lobe 5 followed by lobe 3. Adrenal tumors in the female mice were observed only in adrenal cortex and also showed dose dependent increase (r = 0.995). Ovarian tumors were found with incidences of 14% in 200 cGy group and 30076 in 50 cGy group.View full abstractDownload PDF (776K) -
TADASHI TSUJIMOTO1988 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 229-237
Published: December 15, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe in-situ method is now increasingly applied to the determination of concentrations of radionuclides in the environs of nuclear facilities. This method is very convenient because it saves time and labor, as compared to the conventional sampling method in which soil specimens are collected and activity measurements are made in the laboratory. A comparison between the in-situ and sampling methods was made at a site considered to be quite suited to the in-situ method and at 28 sites considered to be not so suited. Activity values determined by the in-situ method were apparently lower than those determined by the sampling method. However, the activity values determined by both methods were roughly proportional to each other. It appears that the activity values determined by the in-situ method can be converted to those which would be obtained by the sampling method rather simply by multiplying by an appropriate factor.View full abstractDownload PDF (296K) -
TAKEHIKO TSUCHIYA, TOSHIYUKI NORIMURA, MIYUKI NIKAIDO, HIROYO KAKIHARA ...1988 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 238-245
Published: December 15, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe acute effects on hematopoietic tissue in mice of a single administration of tritiated water were compared with the effects of exposure to 60Co gamma radiation. The activity of tritium in the bone marrow was measured directly using a sample oxidizer and the absorbed dose was calculated from the amount of activity of tritium in it. The number of nucleated cells, colony forming unit-spleen (CFUs), colony forming unit-culture (CFUc), and fibroblastoid colony forming unit (CFUf) in bone marrow were determined to evaluate the effects of tritium and 60Co gamma radiation on bone marrow. The dose-response curves were derived from the observed data and the RBE values of tritium beta rays relative to 60Co gamma rays were calculated to be 0.91, 1.09 and 1.51 for nucleated bone marrow cells, CFUs and CFUc, respectively, for 2 days exposure to HTO and 60Co gamma radiation.View full abstractDownload PDF (300K) -
WAKAKO HIRAOKA, KIYOSHI TANABE, MIKINORI KUWABARA, FUMIAKI SATO, AKIRA ...1988 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 246-254
Published: December 15, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe modification of the lethal effects of ionizing radiation on cultured mammalian cells by the pyrimidine nucleoside analogues, 3''-azido-2'', 3''-dideoxythymidine, 3''-amino-2'', 3''-dideoxythymidine, 2'', 3''-didehydro-2'', 3''-dideoxythymidine and 2'', 3''-didehydro-2'', 3''-dideoxycytidine, was investigated using X-irradiated log-phase Chinese hamster V79 cells. The exposure of the cells to these drugs (1-7.5 mM) for 3h after X irradiation reduced the cell survival. The killing efficiency was further enhanced by treating the cells with the drugs for 3h befbre X irradiation and continuing the treatment for 3h after X irradiation. These observations reveal that the nucleoside analogues, which are known as inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus replication, have the ability to suppress cellular recovery from the radiation-induced potentially lethal state of X-irradiated cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (306K) -
THOMAS L. WALDEN, JR.1988 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 255-260
Published: December 15, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe potent cyto/radioprotective biological activity induced by leukotrienes prompted a search for other lipoxygenase products exhibiting similar properties. Pretreatment of mice with 1 to 20 μg of leukotriene A4 before sublethal irradiation induced an increase in the number of endogenous hematopoietic stem cells. Radioprotection was also provided by pretreatment with lipoxin B4, but not with lipoxin A4 or with potential lipoxin precursors: 5-HETE, 15-HPETE, 15-HETE, and arachidonic acid. The degree of protection induced by leukotriene A4 or lipoxin B4 is less than that previously reported for an equivalent dose of leukotriene C4. Administration of the lipoxins did not result in any visibly detectable side effects such as diarrhea or ataxia.View full abstractDownload PDF (253K) -
KAZUO KATO, MINORU HABARA, TETSUHISA AOYAMA, YASUKAZU YOSHIZAWA, ULRIC ...1988 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 261-266
Published: December 15, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: June 16, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo estimate neutron doses from the Hiroshima atomic bomb (A-bomb), we measured residual radionuclides 36Cl (half-life of 3.0 × 105 y) and 152Eu (half-life of 13.3 y) in a tombstone near the hypocenter. Numerous samples were obtained from the surface and from inside the tombstone, and chlorine and europium were chemically isolated from them. The ratio 36Cl/Cl was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (ams) using the postaccelerator of the Munich Tandem laboratory. 152Eu was determined with gamma-ray measurements in Hiroshima. The amount of isolated europium was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The attenuation curves from 36Cl/Cl and 152Eu/Eu furnished information about the neutron energy and the angular distributions near the hypocenter of the Hiroshima A-bomb.View full abstractDownload PDF (231K)
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