巻号一覧
16 巻, 1-2 号
選択された号の論文の17件中1～17を表示しています
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浅田 美穂1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 1-5
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーMain object of thsi study is to know tendency or rend of studies on tea manufacturing machinery, chiefly after the war, by treating it from three directions, such as the estimation from commercial conditions, analyse of literature published from above 12 tea researching organs all over country, and studies dealt by machine makers.
The summary of these are as follows:-.
I Guess from commercial conditions.
(1) Influenced by interior demand and export.
(2) Discontinued by the war.
(3) Progressed and recovered satisfactorily after the war.
(4) Studies on green tea lengthen, “tencha” and “gyokuro” for interior demand.
(5) Moreover studies on tea parching raised powerfully for export.
(6) By the decrease of export of green tea and the increase of black tea for America, studies on black tea became influential.
II Analyse of literature.
(1) Weight of studies on tea manufacturing machinery. Both number of titles on tea manufacturing machinery divided by total titles of a literature, say x, and number of pages used for studies on machinery divided by total pages, say y, were about 25%.
(2) Progress of titles Since 1947 (Showa 22) studies of direct heating furnace treated for want of fuels, have progressed steadly in 1950 (Showy 25) kept pace and regulated gently, on fundamental studies, such as mechanism of drying, tea leaf tissues and forms, and studies on tea lengthen, tea parching and black tea.
(3) Recent titles
1. Tea leaf parching machine for export.
2. Oil fuel burning apparatus.
3. Tea leaf pressing machinery and its process
4. Continuous tea manufacturing machinery, etc. are treated according to the speciality of researching institution.
III. Studies dealt by tea machine makers.
(1) In the common green tea lengthen machine the reseacher laid stress on steaming machine, finish rolling machine, and endeavoured to supply good machines in low price.
(2) Tea leaf parching machines.
(3) Liquid fuel (crude oil) burner.
(4) Big black tea leaf rolling machines, etc. are being studies in details.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (909K) -
作物茎稈の切断抵抗力測定試験 (2)松田 良一, 江崎 春雄, 奥井 和致1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 6-8
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーIn order to measure the cutting force of crop stems, we manufactured a E. I.-I type testing machine which was similar the impact hardness tester. The pendulum arm of the machine has one knife at the lower end, and the length of arm is constant, but the knife velocity is variable freely by changing the weight of load and the original angle. By a auto-recorder, we could know the cutting velocity and force. In these serries of tests we have carried out, the knife velocity was within 2.34-3.3m/s, and the inclined angle of knife within 30, 40°, and the wedge angle of knife on 22.5°.
Result as follow:
crop stems cutting force (g) specific cutting force (kg/cm2)
milk vetch 80 1.3
rice 180 2.0
wheat 210 1.7
barley 230 1.6
sweet potato 340 1.2
rape 2, 000 6.0
soyabean 5, 000 11.3
corn 5, 900 2.5抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2168K) -
動力耕転機の型式とそれによる土壤構造について中村 忠次郎1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 9-14
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーCapacity of smashing soil using power tillers is lighter than that using Japanese plow. Surveying smashing soil using power tillers, Rotary type is the highest, Screw type next, and Crank type is the worst.
2. In short, the shape of soil when Rotary type is used makes nearly round, which makes like brick style when crank type is used; which does flat tri angle when screw type is used.
3. On the point of distribution and arrangement of soil on cultivated land we found large block of soil on upper part and small on lower part when power tillers are used.
4. Reverse turning of soil is remarkably better when Japanese plow is used than when power tillers are used.
Differences by power tiller are not large.
5. Cultivated board is made most uneven and rough when crank type is used; which is made plain and smooth when screw type is used; when is made intermediate of them when Rotary type is used.
6. Construction elements of operation of smashing soil by power tillers:
1. Rotary type:
a) Set up soil by pawring.
b) Centrifugal throwing.
c) To collide with reflection board.
d) To collide with clod.
2. Crank type:
a) To prick and to raise.
b) Throwing by repulsion.
c) To solid with reflection board.
3. Screw type:
a) To cut and to raise.
b) Centrifugal throwing.
c) To collide with screw blade.
d) To collide with clod.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1177K) -
1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 14-14,28
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2639K) -
上田 貞夫1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 15-18
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーThis report is the study on the side draft by the live stock Power. The results obtained are as follows. In the case of ridge culture, the cultivating work between narrow rows can be done by the methods of the side draft, and it is possible to use the cultivator highly.
As for the rational method of the side drafting for an operator, two rope system should be adoptable, for it has been proved better than one rope system and the live stock power of high capacity in tracting is desirable to use. It is recommended to use the disc blades rather than the teeth, for the disc blades can operate without injuring young wheats at the first cultivation.
In consequence, fathermore, it is specially required to work intensively by the side draft.
Wishing, hereafter, to solve the problem of the frame, attachment and its enlarging utility.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2074K) -
第1報 ラグの形態の滑りに及ぼす影響に就て常松 栄, 松居 勝広1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 19-23
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーWe tested the relation of the various shapes of garden tractor lugs and their draft on the clay loam soil under three conditions as (a) well packed, dry soil, (b) well packed, wet soil, (c) loose freshly pulverized soil.
Height of lugs Soil condition
a b c
Spade lug 1 1/4″ 174kg 200kg 160kg
2 1/8″ 200 217 172
3 7/16″ 228 254 200
Angle lug 1 1/4″ 187 179 162
2 3/8″ 214 207 173
The result may be summarized as follows.
(1) Increasing the height of lugs, increased the drawber pull, as table I.
Trble I. Draft of garden tractor at 20% slip
(2) Decreasing the angle of lugs, increased the drawbar pull under these conditions, but if the space between the lugs filled with soil, difference of angle of lugs did not affect the drawbar pull.
(3) The 32 ane 40 tooth lugs were nearly same draft at 1 1/4″ height spade and angle lugs.
(4) Extension angle lugs were effective to in crease the drawber pull under these conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (815K) -
田中 孝, 大久保 秀雄1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 24-28
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーThe drying of the rice with infrared engergy is the very rapid drying when compared with the other method. But many rices are cracked owing to the internal strain caused by the heat.
Under the constant radiant energy, we must give the energy below 0.05 Watt/cm2 when we want to dry without cracking. In this case, it is necessary 3 hours to dry the rice from 21.5% moisture content at wet bases to 14%.
But it is possible to shorten the drying time under the following conditions. (1) Reducing the initial moisture content, (2) not adding the mighty energy at the beginning of the drying process, (3) not cooling immediately and (4) fore-heating and manitaining the heat after cutting the energy.
Then we must to continue this experiment with thinking above and the method to reduce the cracking percentage, shorting the time of drying and planning of daring box must be experimented.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2930K) -
田中 孝, 大久保 秀雄1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 29-32
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーFrom the results of the experiment that the air volume of the ventilation is changed, it is found that the most effective ventilation to dry the rice quickly is the natural ventilation.
But the one to minimize the moisture content of the air in the drying box is the 2.8m/s of air speed at the exhaust hole of this drying equipment.
When the reducing speed of the moisture content in a rice increase over 0.04-0.05% per minute, the cracking percentage of the rice rises.
But if we consider the fore-heating and maintenance of heat, we finish the drying about 5 or 10 minutes under the severe radiation (0.21 Watt/cm2) and that cost is 400-500 Yen per Tan.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (665K) -
川村 登1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 33-36
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーThe model experiments of plow have no practical values, unless the law of similitude has been established. The correspondence between prototype and model, such as scale, velocity and soil condition can not be determined. In this paper, I have introduced the motion equation of soil (5) at the deformation process in plowing, with using the conception of finite strain and Boussinesq's stress-strain relationship, (2), (4) and with dimensional analysis (9) - (13) the low of similitude of model plow is established. That is, prototype and model plow having geometrically. similar form, have the dynamic similitude when the no dimensional quantities such as named K-number, L-number, μ and m are respectively same values on prototype and model. where, K-number: ρV2/S, L-number: ρgL/S, ρ: density of soil, L: longitudinal dimension, V: velocity, S: pressure or stress, μ: coef. of friction, m: Boussinesq's constant of soil. From the fundamental theory, practically, if the model has 1/n scale, the velocity of model must be 1/√n of prototype. The resistance of plow is, with respect to longitudinal dimension, the sum of L2 and L3, where L2 is dominant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (646K) -
E54型I・54型動力用刈取機試作 (3)松田 良一, 江崎 春雄, 奥井 和致1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 37-41
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーIn order to harvest rice, wheat and barley, we designed and made the grain harvester, named E·54 and I·54 type, and the results obtained in field test are as follows.
1. In order to harvest the inclined crops, the operation of the reel, its adjustable angle and bight, is remarkable, and it operates as the auxiliary unit of a lay-out-bar on our lay-out-side-method harvester.
2. When the inclined angles of the reel slat (α) regulate from 60 to 75 degrees, and the height of reel under slat (x) equals to 0.7H-0.75H, we can harvest all crops generally.
3. It seems that the form of lay-out-bar with the concave curve along the rotary reel is excellent than the convex curve or the straight line.
4. It is necessary that the inclined angle of lay-out-bar (β) regulate from 20 to 40 degrees for rice, and from 50 to 60 degrees for wheat and barley.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (830K) -
小松 幸雄, 今間 岩男1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 42-44
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーWe have studied on the elevating efficiency by the thrower for the unhulled rice, and obtained the following results.
(1) According to the form of the wing used in the present experiment, the elevating efficiency increase according to the increase of the recede angle in the range of (0°-50°), and it reaches at the limit efficiency under the conditions of (5.5-7.0m/s) of its circular velocity.
(2) Number of wings is satisfied by only 2 sheets, in the case that its width is (30-40mm), and obtained the better results according to the increase of the volume of supply in the range of (333-1, 410kg/hr).
(3) Elevating efficiency is much influenced by the gap between the margin of wing and the casing; and it is proper that the breadth of the gap shows about 3mm.
(4) There is no distinct influenc in the case of the gap between the side margin of the wing comparing with the gap between the ending margin and the casing, but it seems proper that the gap is about (3-5mm).
(5) Larger the diameter of rotation of the wing better the elevating efficiency to the expected height even in the condition of the same circular velocity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (500K) -
基礎的性能の調査中馬 豊1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 45-49
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーWhen an engine is moved under extremely dusty conditions, bulk of air-borne dust are conducted into a cylinder through an air cleaner and result in the damage of the engine. In this paper is given an account of the results of investigation on the dustproof faculties of the cleaner of farm engines.
1. The percentage of dust proof faculty diminishes with the increase of r. p. m and load duty, but much varies with the kind of elements (dust absorbing substances of cleaner) and the moving condition of engine.
2. The degree of negative suction pressure is markedly promoted with the lapse of moving time. This reveals the increase of resistance of elemen or filter due to clogging with air-borne dust. In proportion to the increase of the cleaner resistance increases to fuel consumption ratio.
Therefore, the frequent servicing of cleaner element is required to remove air-borne dust.
3. It is desirable that much dust is repulsed at the entrance of cleaner element. In this connection it is note worthy that the elastic materials such as wire-wool or sponge-gourd are more repulsive, whereas the pliable ones such as wooden-dross or hemppalm are less repulsive.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4522K) -
現用エレメントの除塵性能向上策中馬 豊1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 50-52
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリー1. Tnere is a progression in the dust-proof faculty of elements tested as follows: wooden-dross>hemppalm>wire-wool>sponge-gourd. In considering the degree of repulsion, such arrangement as wire-wool lower and wooden-dross upper in a cleaner seems to be most desirable.
2. The increase of the amount of element inserted in the cleaner causes the remarkable rise of the dust-proof percentage and the slight rise of the negative suction pressure and the fuel consumption, but does not affect on the moving condition of engine.
3. The annexation of mobile oil to the element raises gradually the dust-proof percentage until the amount of the oil reaches about 5% of the volume of cleaner, and, on the other hand, diminishes the difference of dust-proof faculty among elemets.
4. When the element is penetrated with oil, irrespective of its degree of viscosity, the amount of the repulsed dust at the entrance of the cleaner diminishes remarkably because of the absorption of dust by the oil.
5. The dust-proof percentage is more affected by penetrating character than by the viscous one of the oil poured into the element. Approximately half-and-half mixture of mobile and kerosene oil appears, to be most suitable.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (482K) -
葛原 定郎1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 53-56
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーCharacteristic test of 1 inch Westco Rotary pump for a farmhouse use was done by writter.
Fig. 4 shows characteristic curves of this pump. Seeing this diagram, followings can be said;
1. Total manometric head HT changes almost straightly against discharge Q.
2. At the point of Q≅25lit/mn, efficiencies are the best. Then, eff. of the pump ηp≅38%, combined eff. of motor and pump ηpm≅26%, total manometric head HT≅19m, water horse power (work done pump) _??_w≅0.11, supplied voltage 100 volts, current 4.3 amps. and out put of motor is about 220 watts.
3. The test was not done beyond HT≅25m. Avove this head load of motor becomes more than 125% against running rate.
4. The head of 19m is sufficient for pumping, water supplying, and sprinkling of an ordinal farmhouse use.
5. This pump can full a drum (about 180 lit.) in 7 minutes.
6. Electrlc charge is very cheep in comparision with pains of pumping by hand. Say, 60 lit, of water is wanted for a person a day, and a family has 5 persons, 300 lit, is needed per day. In this case, only 12 minutes driving of pump can satisfy this request. Electric power is 40 watt-hour.
7. Later on, I hope to test this pump minutely by changing revolution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (509K) -
各種歯刃の効果比較法の一提案田原 虎次, 中沢 宗一1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 57-60
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーWe investigated into the water permeability and structure of soils on the field, so that the physical properties of several cultivated soils may compare with these difference. The results obtained as follows.
1) The water permeability is a difference between the each treatment of soils.
2) The structure of difference is exclusivly shown on the surface of soils.
3) Then the water permeability is chiefly decided the physical properties of the thin layer on the soil surface.
4) We propose the comparative method for the effect of the cultivators tines. This method is standardzation, the properties of the thin layer on the soils, as above stated reason in the 1), 2), 3).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (767K) -
磯部 満武, 磯部 昭一1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 61-63
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーLime sulphur compound, DDT-emulsifiable liquid, BHC-emulsifiable liquid, DDT-wettable powder, calcium arsenate and lead arsenate were used as an agricultural chemicals and the corrosion test was done in moving liquid which stirred up with constant velocity. Low carbon steel, alminium, duralumin. copper and brass were used as a metalic materials for the test sample. Other conditions for measuring is the same as described in previous papers.
At low carbon steel, the loss in weight is linearly increase with times in lime sulphur compound, but is little in BHC-emulsifiable liquid. At alminium the loss after five hours is rapidly increase and the amount is large in calcium arsenate solution. At duralumin the loss to five hours is linearly increase with time, after that its tendency become loss in lime sulphur compound. At copper, the loss in lime sulphur compound is linearly increase with time and its amount is very large. The effect of respective chemicals upon the brass is little and the relation between the loss and the time is not clearly found.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (600K) -
庄司 英信, 佐野 文彦1954 年 16 巻 1-2 号 p. 64-68
発行日: 1954/12/15
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーBy the statistical consideration from the annual employment records of cultivators by eight farmers, which are coming into wide use recently in Kanto district, the authors have got the following information in he concrete.
Annual service days of cultivators employed is about 10-20 days per year or about 1-3hr. per day; in other words, the above time is needed to practise the required amount of farming operation. They are chifly employed in the upland fields, but all of the eight farmers are more of less utilizing cultivators in the second crop farming of paddy fields, the fact of which is charactaristic and worthy of note for the use of cultivators in Japan. Cultivators are widely used for soil preparation in wide sense, including such items as stalk-cutting, listing, soil-covering, etc., beside cultivating and weeding, which are original operations of cultivators.
Cultivators are chiefly aimed at cultivation of wheat, barley, and etc., but according to this survey, 21 kinds of crops are served by cultivators, or about 6 kinds of crops per farm household. Rather few attachments are employed, say, about 3 kinds are only used, excepting self-made attachments. Farming operations are being practised by a single attachment in case of upland fields, and by combined attachments in case of paddy fields.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (956K)
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