巻号一覧
32 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1～14を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
うね立て特性芝野 保徳1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 163-169,178
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーThe ridging perforomance of three kinds of commercial ridgers were compared on upland field and rice stubble field. The tests were performed by using the small tractor attached with the rotary tillage apparatus. The characteristics of the ridging were summarized as follows.
1) The ridging resistance increased when the angle β and γ of ridger (see Fig. 1) was larger on every conditions.
2) The effect of soil hardness of fields on the ridging resistance could not be recognized in the tsest.
3) The rotor shaft torque and power increased when the ridging resistance was smaller.
4) The power ratio between the rotor shaft and wheel shaft in the ridging depended on the ridging resistatance and the soil hardness of fields.
5) The load on the depth adjusting wheel increased as the depth increased, but it decreased when the depth was over 10cm, while the load on the driving wheel decreased as the depth increasd.
6) The kinematic equilibrium in the ridging depenped largely on the relationship in the ridging resistance and the tilling resistance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1248K) -
トラクタの始動・発進および停止の場合酒井 学1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 170-178
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーTo find out the relations between the arrangements of control devices and convenience of manipulation, tractor-operators' motions at starting and stopping were investigated by non-weighted corresponding link analysis method. The motion-analysis charts (Table. 1) and the link-analysis charts (Fig. 1) were drawn up of each tractor. Forty-four tractors in Table 2 were used as samples.
(1) The total frequency of link ranges from thirty-five to forty-three at starting and from twenty to twenty-eight at stopping. That of operation is thirty-nine-sixty-nine and twenty-two-thirty-two respectively. Neither link frequency nor operation frequency has relation to the engine power of the tractor. There is close correlation between the frequency of link and that of operation.
(2) Concerning to the body organs, the frequency of link and operation of each sample varies scarcely at sense organs but largely at hands and feet. In general, the variation of frequency is larger at starting than at stopping (Table 3). Concerning to control devices, the variation of frequency is remarkable at engine-drive devices, reflecting the wide difference in installatin of devices among samples. The operation frequency is higher at hand contols than at pedals, but the variation of frequency is larger at pedals than at hand controls (Table 4).
(3) Based on the relativity of operation frequency between starting and stopping, sampled tractors can be classified into seven groups as shown in Fig. 3. Investigations on relations between arrangements of controls and operation frequency in each group has drawn the following coclusions about the design of control devices, which may be effective to reduce the frequency of link and operation and to simplify manipulating motions (Table 5).
i) The hand controls should be arranged as bias as possible within the reach of the operator's right hand. The symmetrical arrangement rather increases operation frequency.
ii) The kinds of engine-drive devices should be reduced to minimum, unles inconvenient to driving.
iii) It reduces operation frequency to diminish the subsidiary gear shift lever and to move the pto lever from the left side to the right of operators seat. In hand brake system, the holdfast mechanism is preferable to the lever.
iv) If possible, it is desirable to eliminate the accelerator lever and to depend only upon the pedal.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1240K) -
岡本 嗣男, 川村 登1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 179-185
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーIn a series hydraulic circuit with a couple of loads, the follow-up control system that the rotational speed of the second hydraulic motor could be changed in accordance with the value of the first hydraulic motor, was studied theoretically and experimentally.
(1) This system consists of a sensing device and a velocity adjusting device. The sensing device is a spring type pressure transducer. The velocity control circuit has a pressure compensating type flow control valve with a bleed-off circuit
(2) The first motor was loaded by a power sprayer and the second one was loaded by driving a fan for duster.
(3) Steady state characteristics of this follow-up control system have a relationship of linearity between torque of the first motor and rotational speed of the second one.
(4) Transient responses of the system have rapid damping, a little time lag and good stability. Speed of response could be made higher by using the hydraulic system with series circuit.
(5) The dynamic characteristcs of the hydraulic driving system is under great influence of the inertia torque of load and the capacity of actuator. Using the actuator which has a capacity suited to inertia torque of load, the responsability for the system would become desirable.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1054K) -
並河 清1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 186-192
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーIt is important to reduce the vibration of the leveler for good performance of rice transplanters. To obtain the relation of the paddy field roughness and vibration of the transplanter mounted on a hand-tractor, the power spectral analysis was applied. In this report the author assumed that low frepuency vibrations of the leveler depended on both the vibration of the hand-tractor and the roughness of tillage pan and paddy field surface, and these relations were linear. Results obtained from these analyses are summarized as follws;
(1) On the roughness of the tillage pan and the paddy field surface, The power spectral was close to the n th order function of frequency. Roughness of the tillage pan across the plowing direction had irregularity with plowing width. Roughness of the paddy field surface and the tillage pan was close to that of the concrete road and the row crop field along the row.
(2) Vibration of the rice transplanter was obtained by accelerometer. Low frequency vibrations of the handtractor mostly came from the lug of the paddy field wheel and this phenomenon was remarkable on carefully paddled fields. On the field having the large irregurality at the tillage pan, various kinds of vibrations were observed in addition to the vibration caused by wheel lugs. So it is important the leveler to sturdy the mounting method of without affecting the vibration of hand-tractor.
(3) The effect of paddy field roughness on the vibration of leveler with the rice transplanter was not clear because the vibration of the handtractor was large. But the power spectral of leveler was different with field roughness, so the tillage method to minimize roughness is necessary for the transplanting operation to follow.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1032K) -
並河 清1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 193-197
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーUnder the asumption that the leaf sheath of young rice plant (about 40 days' plant) is the tapered material of even density and isotropic elastic body with the lacuna, the Young's modulus of the leaf sheath was measured using each of tension, bending and vibration test methods. Area of the cross section of the leaf sheath contained about 37% lacuna, and the moment of inertia with lacuna was about 70% that of the full section. The value of Young's modulus of young rice plant was strongly dependent on the testing methods, and the value obtained by the tension test method was very small. It seemed that the main reason that for the discrepancies were occurence of the slippage between the cramp holding the load and the test piece. The value of Young's modulus obtained by bending method was smaller than the one obtained by the vibration method. Discarding the value of Young's modules obtained by the tension test method, it was about 25-50kg/mm2. For the convenience of tests, the former two methods were preferable. Considering the organization of rice plant con sisting of the fiber and the matrix, its elastic property is anisotropic. Therefore new testing methodfor measurement of the elastic property of the rice plant may be needed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2393K) -
自動脱穀機の各部トルクの動特性池田 善郎, 川村 登, 山下 律也, 並河 清1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 198-202
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーPower requirements of the self-feeding type thresher were measured in order to findt he functions of the small rice combine with self-feeding type thresher.
In this paper, the characteristics of the fluctuating torques at each element of the thresher were discussed by means of the power spectral density and the moving average analysis.
1) The maximum value of the threshing cylinder torque of the self-feeding thresher was 1.5-2.0 times of its mode, and the cylinder torque of the self-feeding thresher did not fluctuate so heavily as the cylinder torque of the large combine.
2) As the result of the power spectral analysis, the distinguished frequency of the fluctuating torque of the threshing cylinder was about 5.5Hz and those of the others about 20Hz, independently of load, respectively. These fluctuations of the torques seemed to be the peculiar ones of the tested thresher.
3) By filtering the above mentioned fluctuations by means of the moving average method from the original oscillograms recorded for feeding one binded sheaf, the transient fluctuations of the torque at the beginning of threshing was discussed, and the tollowing results were obtained.
a) The threshing torque reached the maximumm value when a binded sheaf was conveyed with a feed chain to a portion of 1/4-3/4 of the cylinder length. This shows that the threshing action is almost finished between this portion and the panicle is spreaded and threshed gradually.
b) The maximum values for dried rice were about 1.5kg-m and continued for 0.65 sec, that for green rice about 2.0kg-m and 0.95sec. This shows that it is more difficult to thresh green rice than dried.
c) After these maximum values, the torque of the cylinder decreased to 1kg-m for dried rice and 1.6kg-m for green, and these values had continued untill the sheaf was transported to the end of the cylinder.
d) The torques of the sub-threshing cylinder, fans and screw conveyor shafts did not almost fluctuate.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (834K) -
普通形コンバインの場合江崎 春雄, 三浦 恭志郎, 今園 支和1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 203-210
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーThe authors reconstructed the driving system of a two-cylindered rice combine, with which to investigate the power requirements and load characteristics of the main functional elements of the machine (engine output, travelling unit, harvesting units (header unit, threshing unit and cleaning unit)).
The torque fluctuation of 6 shafts was senced by strain gauges and registered by direct-visual oscillograph and line printer (through digital volt meter) connected in parallel. The speed of the shafts was measured by means of direct current tachogenerators, and also registered by oscillograph and line printer.
In laboratory we conducted no-load measurements and stationary tests of harvesting units, for which stored dry rice crop was feeded. Field tests were carried out in 1966 and 1967 on rice and travelling conditions. The test results have shown:
1) The total average power requirements of a combine as a whole are described as a sum of average power requirements of travelling unit and that of harvesting units, which are governed by travelling speed of the machine and straw throughput respectively. If travelling speed, variety of crop and straw throughput are arbitrarily given, the total average power requirements and the distribution of power are estimated by means of graphs obtained from field measurements.
2) Analyses of torque fluctuation of the cylinder shaft from various point of view (torque frequency, time ratio, autocorrelation coefficient, power spectral density) have given practical data' which may be useful for the study of automatic control of the load on combine-harvesters.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2703K) -
スローワの改良に関する二・三の実験中川 健治, 堀部 和雄, 朝生 博明1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 211-214
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーIn order to find the most suitable structure of thrower, we did this experiment and got following results.
1. Regarding the shape of carrying pipe in case of throwing slant-upward tea-leaves, it was hoped to rather curve than straighten. Because the curved pipe shown by formula Y=(2H/l)X-(H/l2)x2, had a large limit carrying capacity and a high working efficiency.
2. Within the range acting on flow speed in pipe, the larger area of inlet made the larger carrying capacity.
3. On the shape of wing, there was little difference of the carrying capacity between straight and backcurved wings, but the back-slant wing was poor on capacity, not suitable for thrower's one.
4. The power requirement for thrower was below 0.3 PS and carrying work rate too was very small, therefore conveyance efficency was generally low, and did not rise above 5% in the range of this experiment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (642K) -
ステージ型冷却装置の性能および農産物の冷却特性石橋 貞人, 小島 孝之, 兼子 健男1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 215-224
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーThe results of cooling tests with stage type aircooler for various kinds products are as follows reported, and the possibilities of actually using the cooler are discussed.
1) When cooling citrus unshu by the air-cooler the most efficient air velocity was about 3 meters per second with due regard to fan motor electric consumption. (Fig. 3)
2) When chilled air velocity is constant, the gradient m (hr-1) of cooling curves for citrus unshu was approximately constant, regardles of the temperature difference Δt between samples and chilling air. (Fig. 4)
3) When cooling citrus unshu, maxmam temperature difference Δt between samples and chilling air should be 20 deg, to make inner temperature difference, δt, of the citrus unshu small.
4) The inner temperature difference of agricultural products, δt, affected severely by the temperature difference between the products and chilling air, Δt.
5) The higher the heaps of products being cooled, the larger the unevenness of cooling, and the higher the velocity of the chilled air, the smaller the unevenness of cooling.
6) In the case of low absolute humidity of the atmosphere, the cooler could cool off 400-1600Kg of agricultural products from 25°C to 4°C in an hour.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1419K) -
中馬 豊, 加藤 弘道, 岩元 睦夫1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 225-231
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーVarious characteristics of carton boxes filled with AMANATSU-DAIDAI in the cold storage were examined, and the following results were obtained.
I. Factors affecting moisture contents of cartons in the cold storage.
(1) Moisture contents of cartons filled with AMANATSU-DAIDAI, hereafter is named filled-carton, increased more rapidly than that of empty-cartons (Fig. 6).
Relative humidity in the filled-cartons reached 100 percents after the lapse of 2 to 3 hours.
The lower the relative humidity of air in the cold storage room, the greater the difference of moisture contents between filled and empty cartons
(2) Moisture contents of cartons were influenced both by relative humidity and absolute humidity of the air, and the effect of the former was more remarkable.
(3) Moisture contents of empty-cartons increased in proportion to the area of perforation, and that of filled-cartons decreased, inversely, with the perforation (Fig. 8).
(4) Moisture contents of empty-cartons increased with the increse of air velocity in the forcedair cooling, untill the moisture-equilibrium of carton was reached (Fig. 9).
Change in the moisture contents of filled-cartons due to heair velocity could not be observed.
II. Cold storage tests of cartons filled with AMANATSU-DAIDAI were made and the following results were obtained.
(1) The compressive strength of cartons decreased with the lapse of preserving days, and this tendency was remarkable both in the lower part of the loading and in the water-proof cartons (Fig. 10, 11).
Moisture contents of empty-cartons reached to their equlibrium after 43 hours' preserving, whereas that of filled-cartons after 30 days (Fig. 12).
(2) Decay of AMANATSU-DAIDAI was slower at the upper part of the loading and in the water-proof cartons (Fig. 13).
(3) Upper part of the loading in the cold storage room showed lower loss in weight. The loss in weight in the cold storage was 3.5 percents in a month, 7 percents in two months and 14 percents in three months.
Moisture contents of cartons increased when the inner fruit showed higher loss in weight (Fig. 14).
(4) Softening of AMANATSU-DAIDAI in the cold storage was the general tendency regardless of the carton position of the loading.
By using water-proofcartons, the softening of AMANATSU-DAIDAI was reduced (Fig. 15).
(5) Fall of the content of the total sugar and citric acid of AMANATSU-DAIDAI in the cold storage had no clear relation with the position of the loading and the kind of cartons.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3128K) -
現地用自記録式TN-5形土質常数測定器田中 孝1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 232-236
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーSelf recording, portable, simple operational, in situ Soil Values Meter TN-5 for measuring the direct shear and uniaxial compression resistances of agricultural field soil was proposed. This was developed as an attachment of the self recording cone penetrometer TN-4 reported previously.
Diameter of shear box was 50.4mm, cross area was 20cm2, height was 20mm, the normal pressure on the plane of shear failure was 0-2.5kg/cm2 and maximum shearing load was 35kg. This load was sufficient for causing the shear failure on field soils.
Since shearing box was used both as a soil sampler, undisturbed sample which holded in a sampler, i. e., shear box was treated as it was.
On a chart covered the cylinder, shear load-deformation diagram was recorded by a ball-point pen. By replacing the shear box by a plate for uniaxial test which a diameter of test piece was 48.5mm, and length was 100mm uni-axial load-deformation diagram was recorded on a same chart.
In addition to cone penetrating resistance, torsional shear or frictional resistance and deformation modulus etc. measured by the self recording portable device TN-4, direct shear resistance and uni-axial compression resistance were able to be measured easily by in situ device TN-5 and thus, many soil values necessary for studying the soil-machine systems have been able to be measured by simple operation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4569K) -
吉田 勲1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 237-241
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーThere are two methods, W. E. S. method and Bekker's method, to describe the passability of the traffics. The former was established empirically by U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, and the latter was established theoretically by M. G. Bekker, U. S. Army Ordnance Tank-Automotive Command, Land Lokomotion Laboratory. The author studied the applicablity of Bekker's method to the passability of agricultural vehiles and got the conclusion that Bekker's method could not be applied in the paddy fields in Japan.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2649K) -
軟質ウレタンフォーム田原 虎次, 藍 房和, 施 志勲, 渡辺 兼五1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 242-247
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーThe important conclusions reached during the study are summarized below:
1) Germination was very good and more than 95% of sowed seeds were germinated. The results were not so much influenced by the different nature of urethane-foam used.
2) There was a significant difference in root penetration of each seed-bed. This is probably due to the difference in cell number of the urethane-foam materials.
3) Seedling lodging varied in a very low degree from plot to plot. This phenomena is not considered to be a big problem in practice.
4) Growth conditions of seedlings on urethane-foam with few cells (specimens No. 3-No. 5) were better than those groupe on urethane-foam with many cells. (specimens No. 1, No. 8)
5) The difference in growth condition was probably due to the difference in the manner of the root penetration of the seeds. Number of cells is the main factor but the existence of cell wall and colour of the urethane-foam might be considered as the factors affecting he growth conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5416K) -
1970 年 32 巻 3 号 p. 248
発行日: 1970/12/01
公開日: 2010/04/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (160K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|