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Volume 18, Issue 1
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Junichi YASUDA, Kenichi KOTERA1963 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 1-9
Published: January 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSixty-eight strains of Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria which grow well on the surfaces of ordinary culture media but fail to produce acids in Kligler's iron agar were studied. By using the method of Hugh and Leifson these strains were divided into following five groups.
Group 1 No action on glucose.
Group 2: Produce acid from glucose oxidatively.
Group 3: Produce acid from glucose and lactose oxidatively.
Group 4: Produce acid from glucose, lactose and sucrose oxidatively.
Group 5: ferment glucose anaerobically with acid production.
Genus Pseudomonas is included in group 2 and differentiated by motility test and cytochrome oxidase test from Bacterium anitratum, which is included in group 3.
The significance of the method of Hugh and Leifson is discussed in comparison with the other identification methods of Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria.View full abstractDownload PDF (1485K) -
Isamu KONDO, Minoru ABE1963 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 10-15
Published: January 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPerhaps it will give a powerful key for analysis of mechanism of “Infection and Immunity” in staphylococcal disease to isolate and use several mutants which originate from the same one strain but are clearly different qualitatively of quantitatively-each other in their pathogenicity for a certain sensitive animal.
We could recently isolate a β hemolysin producing mutant from the culture of staphylococcus aureus No.248 strain which had been stocked in our department.
This mutant 248 βH has at the same time proven to be different from the original strain in showing a rather favourable growth in ordinary culture media and a higher pathogenicity for mice. And there has not yet found any difference between these two strains besids these three characters above mentioned.
On the point of view, we have at first compared these two strains especially in their pathogenicity for mice. The results of experiment are as follows.
The LD50 of 248 βH is about 0.1mg (in wet cell weight) in intravenous challenge while the i. v. injection of even 2.5mg of 248 orig strain could only kill one of five mice.
It is rather interesting that AD50, dosis enough to produce kidney abscess in 50% of infected mice, of 248βH is 0.008mg, about one tenth of its LD50.
It indicates that the more production of kidney abscess does not induce the dead of the infeced mice, and in other words the mice having abscess in their kidneys does not almays all die.
Our central thema in future will be to analyse what essentially determines the lethality of mice infected with staphylococcus plassing α to kidney abscess and on the other hand what does rescue the mice with kidney abscess from dead plassing α to the host side.View full abstractDownload PDF (1095K) -
I. Studies on the phagocytosis of the bacteria by the established cellsHiroyuki SHIKATA1963 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 16-20
Published: January 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn a series of the studies on Streptococcus hemolyticus-cell infection system, the fundamental data concerning the utilization of established cells to this infection system, especially the phagocytosis properties by various kinds of cells were described.
1. It was demonstrated by the comparable studies on the phagocytosis rates of Strept. hemolyticus by various kinds of established cells that the highest phagocytosis rates were found in the cases of HeLa and MS cells, next in the S and FL cells, on the contrary the phagocytosis one by the L cells was significant low.
2. The phagocytosis rate of the L cells was slightly enhanced by adding each lot of monkey, rat, horse and bovine serum which were employed in this test to culture media.
3. The differences of the phagocytosis rate influenced by culture time of 'inoculum were observed more markedly in the case of L cells than the HeLa cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (1171K) -
Chizuko NIWA1963 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 21-27
Published: January 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing international typing phages 80 and 81, erythromycin-resistance was transduced from naturally resistant strains of Staph. aureus to erythromycin-sensitive strains of both Staph. aureus and Staph. epidermidis.
160 strains of Staph. aureus which were highly sensitive to erythromycin were tested for the competence to serve as the recipients of erythromycin-resistance. All cases of transduction experiments revealed that about 10-17% of the tested strains were competent recipient, and all the transductants tested were resistant to 100mcg/ml of erythromycin. In 49 strains of Staph. epidermidis three or four strains were competent recipient, although the degree of resistance of the transductants were rather low compared with that of the appropriate donor.
Some of the transductants transduced by the donor which was also highly resistant to oleandomycin received also the oleandomycin-resistance, while in the other transductants oleandomycin-resistance failed to be transmitted. Furthermore, joint transduction of penicillin- or streptomycin-resistance was observed in some of the transductants, but tetracycline-resistance of the donor was not jointly transduced.
No change in the biological functions was detected in all of the transductants, and many of the transductants of Staph. aureus showed the same phage types as the original strains.View full abstractDownload PDF (1105K) -
Report I. The Antifungal Action of 2, 4, 5-Trichlorophenyl-γ-Iodopropargyl EtherBunzo NOMIYA, Keinosuke KAGINO1963 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 28-37
Published: January 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors found interesting results on acetylenic compounds by microbial and animal tests, which are described herein.
It is known that same acetylenic compounds such as dicarbamoylacetylen (Collocidin: Lenamycin) and Capillin have antimicrobial activity. During the course of the synthetic study in this laboratory to find those acetylenic compounds with antimicrobial activity, we came to new compounds, halophenyl-γ-iodopropargyl ethers which have very potent activity on fungi and some other microbes. Among these compounds, 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenyl-γ-iodopropargyl ether had each minimal inhibitory concentration of 0.25γ/ml, 0.25γ/ml, 0.78γ/ml against Trichophyton asteroides, T. interdigitale, T. rubrum and also showed rather high activity for other fungi, Cryptococcus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium in dilution assay.
The high activity of the compound for Trichophyton in vitro was also proved by the curative effects ton infectious animal tests.(guinea-pig)View full abstractDownload PDF (11086K) -
I. Experiments with the MouseDaizo USHIBA, Kazuhisa SAITO, Masayasu NAKANO, Takehisa AKIYAMA, Yoshi ...1963 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 38-43
Published: January 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe intracellular growth of various species of salmonellae was tested by the roller tube technique using cultured peritoneal macrophages from DK1 strain of mice which were selectively inbred by a uniform susceptibility to S. enteritidis infection. Intracellular growth was observed markedly with S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium and S. choleraesuis, but not at all with S. paratyphi A, S. typhosa (V and VW types), and also with Escherichia coli (0-55 type). Some strains of S. paratyphi B showed a slight intracellular growth when large numbers of phagocytes were examined. When those strains of S. paratyphi B were intraperitoneally inoculated into DK1 mice, large numbers of organisms were harbored in the peritoneal fluid and organs through the 3rd week compared with other strains of the same species and S. paratyphi A or S. typhosa. Histopathological findings of the liver of inoculated mice showed the formation of granulomas or typhoms, large and small, in the degree almost parallel to the number of harbored organisms. The coincidence between the apparent intracellular growth of bacterial species and their capability to produce typhoid infection in mice was emphasized.View full abstractDownload PDF (971K) -
Yasuo YAMAGUCHI, Teruo TOSHIOKA, Yaeko SUZUKI, Isamu NACHI, Katsuji TA ...1963 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 44-51
Published: January 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn trying to elucidate how normal bactericidal antibodies in serum can be produced, the authors performed some experiments on the bactericidal activity of chicken serum against Sal. typhosa 0-901 W and Sh. dysenteriae 1, and obtained the following results.
1. The bactericidal action to these organisms appeared in 48 hours of post-hatching before feeding and its bactericidal power was as high as adult chicken. Injection of the heat-killed vaccine of the test organisms into chorioallantoic vein of 12 days old eggs had no effect on the appearance of the bactericidal action. It was, moreover, demonstrated that the producibility of immune antibody to the test organisms. commenced to appear at 5-7 eays of age.
2. The bursa of Fabricius, consisting of lymphoid tissue and implicating to antibody production was extirpated a 1 week of age. No change of the bactericidal power of the bursectomized chicken was observed as compared with the intact control group. On the other hand, the immune response of antibody production to the challenged organisms was remarkably depressed.
3. In order to prevent the development of bursa of Fabricius, 0.5-1 mg of testosterone was injected into albumen of 5 days old eggs. These hormon-treated chicken were unable to produce antibodies to the challenged organisms, whereas their serum possessed the strong bactericidal power to the test organisms.
The origin of production of normal bactericidal antibodies can not be readily determined. Our findings. however, may lead to the conclusion that normal bactericidal antibodies are not produced as immune antibodies to antigens in microbes and food. but as normal globuline patterns with immunologically reactive group. The authors, accordingly, postulate the mode of the bactericidal action of normal serum as follow s. The eractive groups of normal bactericidal antibody combine “by accident” with the compatible determinants of test organism at the initial stage, and thereafter exhibit the bactericidal or bacteriolytic action in cooperation with complement and Mg ions.View full abstractDownload PDF (5607K) -
1963 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 53-64
Published: January 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2752K)
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