All issues
Volume 25, Issue 5-6
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
3) Morphological Changes of the Spore Coat during GerminationMasaomi KONDO, Tsutomu NISHIHARA1970 Volume 25 Issue 5-6 Pages 278-284
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe morphological structure was compared electron-microscopically between the dormant and germinated spore coats. In the germinated spore coat, fibrillar structures were already seen in the inner coat prior to alkali-extraction. From the dry weight analyses of three characteristic fractions isolated from both dormant and germinated spore coats, it was found that the alkali-soluble fraction had much decreased in the germinated spore coat. From these results, it was suggested that the most remarkable changes might have occurred in the inner coat during germination.View full abstractDownload PDF (4924K) -
4) Chemical Changes of the Spore Coat during GerminationTsutomu NISHIHARA1970 Volume 25 Issue 5-6 Pages 285-291
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe chemical structures of three characteristic fractions isolated from both dormant and germinated spore coats were studied. From the chemical analyses of these fractions, it was found that there was no remarkable difference in any of fractions between the dormant and germinated spore coat. The chemical analyses of germination exudates suggested that an alkali-soluble fraction might be released from the inner coat during germination.View full abstractDownload PDF (763K) -
Part II. Distribution of Gram-Negative Anaerobic Rods in Feces of Normal Human BeingsFumishige OHTANI1970 Volume 25 Issue 5-6 Pages 292-299
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy means of CNBGT medium for Bacteroides and a modified FM medium for Sphaerophorus, many strains were isolated from the feces of ten normal human beings. They were identified with the following results.
1) In human feces, 108-11 cells of Bacteroides and 108-10 cells of Sphaerophorus were found per gram. The former were always predominant over the later.
2) Of the species of Bacteroides, B. convexus was the most predominant and followed by B. thetaiotaomicron, B. terebrans, B. putidus, B. melaninogenicus, and B. fragilis in this order of frequency.
3) Of the species of Sphaerophorus, Sph. necrophorus was the most predominant. Some unidentified strains, Sph. freundii, Sph. siccus, Sph. varius, and Sph. pyogenes followed it in this order of frequency.View full abstractDownload PDF (864K) -
1. Bacterial Flora of FecesShoji SHIRASAKA1970 Volume 25 Issue 5-6 Pages 300-304
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFecal bacterial flora was examined comparatively in ducks and chickens on some ordinary poultry farms and on a farm where both types of poultry had been fed together. The results obtained are as follows.
1. In ducks kept on the ordinary poultry farms, the fecal bacterial flora was composed of Streptococcus (8.1 as expressed with the logarithm of bacterial count), which was predominant, Bacteroidaceae (6.5), Enterobacteriaceae (5.9), and Lactobacillus (5.9). In chickens kept on these farms, the flora consisted of Lactobacillus (8.7), which was predominant, Streptococcus (5.9), Enterobacteriaceae (5.4), and Bacteroidaceae (5.2).
There was a significant difference in the bacterial count of each of streptococcus, Bacteroidaceae, and Lactobacillus between both types of poultry.
2. A significant difference was recognized in the bacterial count of each of Enterobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus in the duck among these poultry farms. This was the same to the case of the bacterial count of each of Enterobacteriaceae and Streptococcus in the chicken.
3. In both types of poultry which had been fed together under the same conditions since the day of hatching, fecal bacterial flora was examined at the age of 11 weeks. As a result, there was almost the same difference in the bacterial count of each species between both types of poultry as that observed on the ordinary farms above.View full abstractDownload PDF (511K) -
Kazutomo OHKUMA1970 Volume 25 Issue 5-6 Pages 305-315
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRabbit anti-thymic and anti-bursal lymphocyte sera (hereafter abbreviated to RATLS and RABLS, respectively) were examined for immunosuppressive effect on the hemolytic plaque-forming cells (PFC) and rosette-forming cells (RFC) in the spleen, and on experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in chickens. The results obtained are as follows:
1) RATLS anb RABLS had a high lymphoagglutinating activity on the thymic and bursal lymphocytes, respectively. In addition, a cross-reaction was observed between both anti-lymphocyte sera. This suggests that the thymic and bursal lymphocytes may have common antigen(s) in addition to the respective specific antigen(s) on the surface of the cell.
2) Repeated administration of RATLS caused a more remarkable fall in lymphocyte count of the peripheral blood than that of RABLS. Furthermore, severe depletion of lymphocytes in the white pulp of the spleen was a characteristic change caused by RATLS, and a slight decrease in lymphocytes and pyroninophilic cells and the appearance of ill-defined germinal centers were ones induced by RABLS.
3) In the primary response, when RABLS was injected daily for five days following the sensitization with sheep erythrocytes, there was a marked decrease in the number of PFC and RFC in the spleen. In contrast, such a suppression by RABLS was not so marked in the secondary response in previously immunized birds. On the other hand, RATLS was found to have a weak suppressive effect only in the primary response.
4) The occurrence of EAE and the delayed-type hypersensitivity (wattle test) to the encephalitogenic basic protein of myelin were suppressed remarkably by the repeated injection of RATLS, but much less remarkably by the repeated administration of RABLS.
From the findings obtained, it was ascertained that RATLS exerted a suppressive effect selectively on the cell-mediated immune reaction, and that RABLS did such an effect on the humoral antibody production. Therefore, both anti-lymphocyte sera were proved to have a considerably high selective activity in their immunosuppression.View full abstractDownload PDF (3910K) -
Setsuo FUJIMURA, Toshikazu MAKINO, Takayoshi HAYASHI1970 Volume 25 Issue 5-6 Pages 316-320
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing Staphylococcus aureus, the effect of mitomycin C on the growth of cells and the production of staphylokinase (SAK), nuclease, and hemolysin was studied. The following results were obtained.
1. All the strains investigated were lysed by addition of mitomycin C in the logarithmic phase at a concentration between 0.1 and 5.0γ/ml.
2. The strains investigated could be divided into two groups, promotion and inhibition, as to the effect of mitomycin C on the production of SAK. The most remarkable effect was observed when mitomycin C had been added at a concentration of 0.5γ/ml to a staphylococcal culture with turbidity of KSR 150.
3. In the case of the production of β-hemolysin, the strains could also be divided into two groups in the same sense of the word. No parallelism, however, was shown between the effect of mitomycin C on the production of SAK and that on the production of β-hemolysin.
4. The production of nuclease and α-hemolysin was generally inhibited by addition of mitomycin C.View full abstractDownload PDF (523K) -
Hiroshi OKANO, Hiroshi CHOSA, Yuzuru HOMMA1970 Volume 25 Issue 5-6 Pages 321-328
Published: June 25, 1970
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the purpose of investigating the susceptibility of Mycoplasma organism to proteolytic enzymes, such as trypsin and nagarse, the Mycoplasma OK strain which had been reported elsewhere was examined first of all for stability against various kinds of suspending solutions. It was found that the organisms were stable in a phoshate buffered saline (pH 7.4) at 37°C for 3 hours. Therefore, the effective doses of trypsin and nagarse against the OK strain were estimated with this solution and under the conditions mentioned above. As a result, the viable organisms (approximately 1010 living cells) were found to decrease remarkably in number with a dose of 250 HUM/ml of trypsin or 200P UN/ml of nagarse.
Similarly, 6 and 2 kinds of Mycoplasma organisms of human and rodent, respectively, were investigated for susceptibility to proteolytic enzymes principally under the same conditions. As a result, M. pneumoniae, M. hominis type I, and the OK strain were proved to be susceptible to both enzymes, but M. hominis type II, M. salivarium, and M. orale were not susceptible to either enzyme. M. pharyngis was resistant to trypsin, while M. pulmonis was susceptible to nagarse. It was concluded that the Mycoplasma organisms tested could be divided into two groups on the basis of susceptibility to proteolytic enzymes.View full abstractDownload PDF (741K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|