巻号一覧
25 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1～5を表示しています
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特に,実験的マウス感染における莢膜ならびに莢膜様物質の意義吉田 耕作1970 年 25 巻 7 号 p. 335-344
発行日: 1970/07/25
公開日: 2009/02/19
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (4166K) -
中嶋 隆, 鈴木 ミツヱ, 亀田 三男, 原田 賢治, 三橋 進1970 年 25 巻 7 号 p. 345-349
発行日: 1970/07/25
公開日: 2009/02/19
ジャーナル フリーEscherichia coli K-12 F- harboring R12 (CM. SM. SA) factor was stored in cooked meat medium at room temperature. After 3 years, it was examined for loss of R factor, as well as the genetic properties of this factor. It was found that 90.5% of surviving cells had lost their R factor to be sensitive to chloramphenicol (CM), streptomycin (SM), and sulfanilamide (SA). In the other surviving cells retaining their R factor, no segregation was noticed among resistance markers, So long as examined. Two derivative R factors, R12-5 and R12-22, were proveed to be nontransferable by conjugation, indicating that transferable (tra+) R12 factor had mutated to tra- R factor by storage in cooked meat medium for along time. From the results of a curing experiment and transduction to the rec- strain, it was clarified that the tra- R factors, R12-5 and R12-22, existed extrachromosomally and were replicated (rep+) autonomously in their host. Genetic studies revealed that R12-5 and R12-22 factors were ifm+ (inhibition of F-mating) and irs+ (interference of R factor superinfection), as well as the original R12 factor was. Reversion took place from tra- to tra+ at a frequency of 8.0 to 8.8×10-10, indicating that these were point mutants of the tra loci. The E. coli K-12 strain carrying either tra- R12-5 or tra- R12-22 acquired an ability to transfer its nontransferable R factor by complementation in cooperation with F factor, chromosomal F of the Hfr strain, or with transferable R factor.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (694K) -
冨澤 萬之助1970 年 25 巻 7 号 p. 350-354
発行日: 1970/07/25
公開日: 2009/02/19
ジャーナル フリーCholera vibrios form red colonies on Aronson's medium, while El Tor vibrios form pink colonies. It was presumed that this difference might be derived from a difference in the ability to produce aldehyde. To verify this presumption, experiments were carried out in 1% peptone water [which had been prepared from polypeptone (Daigo) and trypticase (BBL); Bactopeptone was found not suitable for this purpose] with glucose, levulose, mannose, maltose, and sucrose at different concentrations and various pH values.
The following steps were taken to detect aldehyde. The sugar medium was dispensed into small test tubes in 2ml amounts and sterilized. The organism to be tested was cultured in sugar media at 35°C for 18∼20 hours and then one drop of Schiff's reagent was added. As a result, the cholera vibrios presented a red color. The El Tor vibrios exhibited colorless or pink, but some variant of them (which had formed red colonies on Aronson's medium) gave the same red color as the cholera vibrios. Even in this case, the cholera vibrios could be differentiated from such variant of the El Tor vibrio when cultured in a medium at a sugar concentration of 0.05% and a pH value of about 6.8. Of the sugar used, levulose and mannose showed the best results.
Newly isolated strains of cholera vibrios always gave constant results. Some of the old laboratory strains of these organisms appeared to possess an indistinct ability to produce aldehyde and gave inconsistent results. On the other hand, some of the strains of El Tor vibrios turned out to be variants showing a strong ability to produce aldehyde during laboratory storage.
Only one strain gave a positive reaction from among 678 strains of El Tor vibrios isolated in the South East Asia.
Of the 6 Middle East strains (old strains) of El Tor vibrios, three gave negative reaction, one a negative reaction in levulose and mannose medium, and another a negative reaction in medium containing 0.2∼0.4% sucrose at pH 8.4.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (527K) -
第2報 自由採食時および絶食時の各部位別細菌叢白坂 昭治1970 年 25 巻 7 号 p. 355-361
発行日: 1970/07/25
公開日: 2009/02/19
ジャーナル フリーIn ducks and chickens allowed to have feed ad libitum and forced to be starved for 3 days on ordinary poultry farms, bacterial flora was examined. The results obtained are as follows.
1. In ducks under conditions of feeding ad libitum, Streptococci (Str.) and Lactobacilli (Lact.) were predominant in crop, gizzard, duodenum, and the middle and lower level of the small intestine. Enterobacteriaceae (Ent.) and Bacteroidaceae (Bact.) were significantly low in count. Bifidobacterium-like microorganisms (Bifid.), Bact., and Str. were predominant in the cecum, and Bifid., Str., and Bact. in the rectum. On the other hand, in chickens under conditions of feeding ad libitum, Lact. was predominant in all the parts, except the cecum in which Bifid., Lact., and Bact. were predominant.
2. When bacterial count was compared between ducks and chickens kept under conditions of feeding ad libitum, there were statistically significant differences on Ent. in the crop, on Str. and Lact. in all the parts of the intestine, and on Bact. in the crop, the lower part of the small intestine, and the rectum.
3. There was a significant difference in bacterial flora between chickens and ducks in starvation and those under feeding ad libitum. In both kinds of poultry, Str. and Lact. were reduced significantly in every part of the intestine, but Bact. and Bifid. were predominant in the crop, Bifid. was in the gizzard, duodenum, and both parts of the small intestine, and Bifid., Bact., and Ent. were in the cecum and rectum. Besides, there was not so marked difference in bacterial count of each species between any two parts of the intestine in both kinds of poultry.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (792K) -
中村 昌弘, 坂本 博章1970 年 25 巻 7 号 p. 362-368
発行日: 1970/07/25
公開日: 2009/02/19
ジャーナル フリーAt first, mycoplasmas which had been introduced into normal mice experimentally were tested for persistence. When Mycoplasma pneumoniae and M. orale were inoculated into mice intranasally they stayed in the lungs for 72 hours after inoculation. When M. salivarium and M. hominis were introduced intracerebrally, they were recovered 48 hours after inoculation. No mycoplasmas were detected, however, 24 hours after intraperitoneal inoculation.
When the influenza virus WS strain was inoculated simultaneously with M. pneumoniae, the death rate (LD50) and minimal infectious value (MID50) increased among infected mice, as compared with those among mice infected with the WS strain alone. On the other hand, M. orale acted as a stimulator when the NWS strain was inoculated intranasally into mice.
In the case of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection, an additional infection with mycoplasmas reduced the lethal dosis of JEV when the intracerebral inoculation route had been used. On the contrary, mycoplasmas stimulated the infectious activity of JEV when they had been introduced intranasally with the virus. The most stimulating effect was obtained when M. orale was inoculated 2 days after JEV infection by the intranasal route.
In the case of mixed intracerebral infection with herpes simplex virus and mycoplasmas, no difference was seen in the lethal dosis between the virus in single infection and the virus and mycoplasmas in mixed infection.
From the results mentioned above, it could be presumed that virus multiplication might be modified at the early stage by the presence of mycoplasmas, because mycoplasmas inoculated into normal mice were held in the body for a short time after inoculation. In future, however, an attempt should be made to isolate viruses and mycoplasmas in the course of experiment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (864K)
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