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Volume 32 (1977)
- Issue 6 Pages 777-
- Issue 5 Pages 655-
- Issue 4 Pages 533-
- Issue 3 Pages 455-
- Issue 2 Pages 337-
- Issue 1 Pages 31-
Volume 32, Issue 3
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Makoto OHASHI, Hiroshi ZEN-YOJI1977 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 455-468
Published: May 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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Yoshiki OBANA, Seiji DEMURA, Hideaki MIWA, Shozo NAKAZAWA1977 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 469-476
Published: May 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPseudomonas aeruginosa was examined for in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity to peritoneal phagocytes of guinea pigs. The following results were obtained.
1. The in vitro experiment revealed that P. aeruginosa was hardly phagocytized by phagocytes, as compared with Escherichia coil, and showed high cytotoxicity.
2. The in vivo experiment also revealed that P. aeruginosa was more resistant to phagocytosis than E. coli and showed high cytotoxicity.
3. Examination of the toxic substances of P. aeruginosa showed that endotoxin, slime, elastase, and protease were highly cytotoxic to phagocytes, but that pyocyanin and OEP were little cytotoxic.
In conclusion, P. aeruginosa was more resistant to phagocytosis by peritoneal phagocytes of guinea pigs than E. coli and had cytotoxicity to these phagocytes.View full abstractDownload PDF (709K) -
Masanori ISHIBASHI, Yoshio KINOSHITA, Hiroyuki YAMAMOTO, Bunkichi MITS ...1977 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 477-484
Published: May 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were isolated from cases of food poisoning which occurred in Osaka prefecture in 1974. Analysis of O-antigens was carried out on them. It was demonstrated that these strains possessed O12 antigen, which had previously been reported by Miwatani et al. (Biken J., 12: 9-15, 1969). The K-antigen of these strains was found to be K19.View full abstractDownload PDF (2975K) -
Shiro IUCHI, Shuji TANAKA1977 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 485-492
Published: May 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVibrio parahaemolyticus utilizes some polysaccharides, such as starch, dextrin, and glycogen, as the carbon and energy sources. Production of extracellular amylase seemed to be essential for utilizing these polysaccharides, because an amylase-deficient (Amy-) mutant, strain 3102, of the organism failed to utilize them. The maltose-negative (Mal-) mutants, strains 3131 and 3132, were also found to be unable to utilize the polysaccharides. This indicates that the utilization is ultimately performed through the metabolic pathway for maltose.
The amylase production was induced by starch, dextrin, or maltose present in the medium. However, the induced activities in the Mal- mutants were markedly different from those in the wild-type strain. The specific activity obtained with strain 3131 was about 2.5 times higher than that obtained with the wild-type strain, whereas the activity of strain 3132 was about 7% of that of the wild-type strain. All these findings strongly suggest that maltose is the inducer for the synthesis of amylase in this organism.View full abstractDownload PDF (1070K) -
Minoru MORI, Eiichi KATO, Sukekazu HAMADA1977 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 493-499
Published: May 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to study the relationship between staphylococcal food poisoning and rats, a survey was conducted on the distribution of Staphylococcus aureus, especially enterotoxigenic S. aureus strains, in Rattus norvegicus living in town houses (urban rats) and on islands inhabited by no human beings (insular rats). Besides, the biological properties of enterotoxigenic staphylococci were examined. The results obtained are as follows.
1) S. aureus was detected from 87 (45.1%) of 193 urban rats and 74 (35.1%) of 207 insular rats. In both groups of rats, a high incidence was observed in the cecal and rectal contents and on the dorsal skin.
2) Carriers of enterotoxigenic staphylococci were found in 3.6% of the urban rats and 2.9 % of the insular rats. All the 14 enterotoxigenic strains isolated from the urban rats produced enterotoxin type A. Of the 10 strains isolated from the insular rats, four produced enterotoxin type D, three type C, one types A and B, and one types A, C, and D. Most of these 24 strains were isolated from the cecal and rectal contents and the dorsal skin. More than half of the carriers of enterotoxigenic staphylococci were found to harbor the organisms in two or more of the five regions examined. There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of enterotoxigenic staphylococci among any seasons or regions.
3) All the enterotoxigenic strains produced a yellow pigment. Almost all of them were β-hemolytic, lipase-positive, egg-yolk factor-positive, and untypable in phage-typing. Most of the enterotoxigenic strains isolated from the insular rats were resistant to at least 12.5u/ml or μg/ml of PC or SM, while all of those isolated from the urban rats were susceptible to PC and SM.View full abstractDownload PDF (826K) -
Minoru MORI, Eiichi KATO, Sukekazu HAMADA1977 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 501-508
Published: May 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour hundred food handlers in a box lunch maker in Kanagawa Prefecture were examined for carrier state of enterotoxigenic staphylococci in each season of 1970.
1) Enterotoxigenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus were detected from 88 (22.0%) of 400 persons examined. The incidence was higher in summer and autumn than in spring and winter. It was 7.8% from the nasal cavity, 6.3% from the pharynx, 6.0% from the hair, 7.3% from the fingers, and 6.5% from feces. There was no significant difference in carrier rate between sexes, or any two ages or occupations.
2) A total of 249 S. aureus strains were isolated from 249 samples collected from 154 persons. Of them, 135 were proved to produce enterotoxins. Of the 135 enterotoxigenic strains, 16 produced enterotoxin type A, 9 type B, 35 type C, 57 type D, 3 types A and B, 2 types A and C, 8 types B and D, and 5 types A, C, and D. No strains produced enterotoxin type E. Strains producing type C and those producing type D were detected from all the regions examined.
3) Some persons were found to carry staphylococci producing enterotoxin of the same type in the same region of the body for two or three seasons. Others carried enterotoxigenic strains in the nose or throat in spring. In them, these strains showed a tendency to spread to other regions and become resident there in summer and autumn.
4) Almost all the 135 enterotoxigenic strains produced hemolysin, a yellow pigment, lipase, and egg-yolk factor. Many of these strains were fibrinolysin-positive and lysed by N.C.T.C. phages. Some of them were resistant to antibiotics. These results indicate that enterotoxigenic staphylococci carried by healthy food handlers are important causative agents of staphylococcal food poisoning.View full abstractDownload PDF (890K) -
Yoko YOKOTA, Mitsuo TOKORO, Kazunobu NISHIYAMA, Yuuji TERADA1977 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 509-510
Published: May 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
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1977 Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 511-524
Published: May 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2235K)
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