To investigate the mode of inheritance of apomixis in Chinese chive, the degrees of diplospory and parthenogenesis were evaluated in F
1 and BC
1 progenies derived from crosses between amphimictic and apomictic diploids (2n
= 16, 2x). The F
1 population was generated by crossing three amphimictic diploids 94Mo13, 94Mo49 and 94Mo50 with an apomictic diploid KaD2 and comprised 110 diploids and 773 triploids. All the diploid F
1 plants examined were completely or highly eusporous and completely syngamic. All the triploid F
1 plants examined were highly diplosporous and highly parthenogenetic. KaD2 could not transmit its high level of apomixis via monoploid pollen grains. The BC
1 population, generated by crossing 94Mo49 with apomictic triploids found in the F
1 offspring, exhibited heteroploidy; it comprised haploid, diploid, triploid, tetraploid and various aneuploid individuals. In this generation, clear segregation was observed between diplospory and parthenogenesis. Analysis of the BC
1 population suggests that diplospory and parthenogenesis are each controlled by single dominant genes,
D and
P, respectively. However, all the BC
1 plants characterized as parthenogenetic were diplosporous. The absence of phenotypically eusporous parthenogenetic plants can be explained by assuming that the presence of diplospory gene is a prerequisite for the parthenogenesis gene expression in Chinese chive.
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