1 . The relation between the types of young plants which appear prOminently at the younger stage of, development and several adult characters in wheat, llas been studied, in the successive generations from F2 to F4 of Hokuriku No. 13 with Saitama No. 27 crossing during the period from 1939 to 1941. 2. Several important adult characters, in relation to the types of young plants, as showri in Table 1, were studied and the results were as follows : ( I ) The time of heading and blooming ?? ighly close correlation . ( 2 ) Ntimber of tillers, easiness of shattering and type of awnsconsiderably close correla. tion. ( 3 ) Height of culms, the length, number apd weight of ears, and quality of grain ?? early no correlation.

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The X₁ and X₂ generations of X-rayed barley seeds -were investigated and the following results were ob'tained . 1 . The difference of fertility exists arnong, spikes, of an individual plaat in X₁ generetion. The progenies, , of spikes with" normal fertility in X₁ genetation may, often segregate into fertile and partially sterile plants in X₂. On the other hand, partially sterile spikes may often produce fertile plants only. 2 . Seventeen from sixty spikes obtained frorn eighteen X₁ plahts segregated structura' hybrids ; fourteen of them havd a ring of four chromosomes, two have .a ring of six and 'one has two rings of four. Seed Ifertilities of plants with a ring of four are 51. 5-74.5%, plants with a ring of six are 47.5 and 53.2%and plants with two rings of four are 48. 0%. 3 . One triploid plant and several mutants, which are male sterile, Iiguleless and short culmed, are detected . Possibility of applying BURNHAN'S multiple translocation method in barley is discussed . Cqnsidering the suspected sterility of translocation heterozygotes, a multiple translacation type with a ring of eight and a ring of six is supposed to be more applicable than that With a ring of fourteen. Procedures to iuduce such a multiple translocation type are suggested, Where repeating X-ray treatment of translocation honcLozygote might be adopted to accumulate translocatians step by step.

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l, The fasciation on the bolting stalks is often fo.und late in spring in the seeds growing fields of Tokinashi radish such as the warm region of Kyushu, Ja pan . 2. All of slow bolting strain produced in Kyoto prefecture showed the fasciation, while the early bolting strain, the so-called "Baka Tokinashi" radish, produced in Oita prefecture did not show it at all, and sorne of the intermediate type in the bolting behaviors produced in Gifu prefec, ture slightly presented the fasciatio, n . 3 . Fasciation was seen abundantly among the radishes sown in October, but lot among the ones sown in later, and when the seeds were sown in next March which was near the limit of sowing time in spring, the fasciation was again found . 4, Although all the mother plants sown in Obtober were transplanted every month from December to March, none of them resulted in the fasciati, on. However the non-transplanted ones were fasciated . 5. Amo. ng the plants ever sown in October, the ones which slowly bolted fasciated, but the early bolted ones were normal . 6 . From the results stated above the occ. urrence of the fasciation seeins to have hereditarily a close relation with the slow bolting character, but from the physiojogical point of view it might be said that the conversion from. the vegetative growth to the reproductive growth being incomplete and whenever the balance of the two is lost, fasciation oQcurs. 7 . The fasciated plants yield less quantities of. seeds than those of the norrnal plants . In consequence, the sioiv bolting plants tend to produce less quantities of seeds than the early bolting ones, and in the next generation the ratio of the early bolting plants will be increased more than that of the siower bolting ones . Whenever the seeds of Tokinashi radish will be cropped in the "Foreign region"; especially in the warmef region, the natural selection of the slow bolting strain like thls may be duly ascribed to be one of the great causes of the degeneiation of Tokinashi radish .

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A cytogenetic study was made in two F₁ Vicia hybrids, Common vetch (V. sativa L. ; 2n=12) X Karasunoendo (V, sativa L. ; native wild species in Japan ; 2 n = 14) . The results of Karyotype analysis on two parental plants and F1 hybrids are shown in Fig. 1. At MI of PMCS Iarge amount of chromosome aberrations were found (Tab. I ; Fig. 2). The mode of frequency in chronosome conjugation is 45. 45%of 1IV+4II+1I. In most of PMCs one univalent chromosome was observed and it may be recognized as the smallest one. The majority of pollen was aborti.ve and the percentage of normal pollen was 4. 10 (Tab 2 ; Fig;.3) Accordingly no seed set had been obtained in open pollination. As to these cytogenetic phenomenon we have arrived at the conclusion that the genome of both parental plants are no.nhomologous or at least partially homologous respectively. It must be suggested that Karasunoendo sh6uld have tb belong to another new species separated from V. sativa L.

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The exarnination of possibility that the dairy performance may be predicted by means 6f the induced lactation by the injection with synthetic estr9gen in virgin goats are being carried out. Results on the induced lactation and mammary developnlent in this report are briefy summ.arized as follows. ( 1 ) Sixteen virgin gaoatling were injected subcutaneously with 0.25mg. Diethylstilbestrol in oil daily for 20 days ahd the induced lactation was examined. ( 2 ) The lactation qurves showed various individual differences, but they mi_ght be classified generally it) 3 types; the first, daily yield increased rapidly and was followed by slower inprease to the maximum, the, second, it increased moderately with the constant rate to the maximum, and the third, it increased very slowly and the maximum was not so high as the formers. Further, such, results as the coefiicient of regression line at ' rapid increase, maximum yield, maximum period, duration, total yield and average daily yield may be notable. ( 3 ) The mammary d, evelopment was studied histol. ogical]y on 5 of the goats in such various periods as yearling breeding season-at dioestrum, out breeding season in the next year-5 days before the initial of treatment, the 11th day and 40th day after the initial of treatment. Results showed that such induced rrlilk was secreted from the normal like functional site of the gland-alveoli.

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The chromosome number of 74 species and varieties in Cactaoeae were observed. 1 . The polyploidy of the. each group are as follows., 1 : 2x(2), II :2x(5) 3x(1) 4x(4) 6x(3) 6x(3) 10x( I ) 12x( I ), III : 2x(13) 4x(4). IV : 2x(36) 4x( 1), In these: polyploids 3x, 8x. 10x and 12x have not been known. 2 . The basic number of chr'omosorile in Cactaoeae including Pereskieae is n=11. 3 . No heteroploid was found in this study. 4. The pollen rtLother cells divid, ed at about noon, and the fact ls in accord, with the observation reported by Miss. BEARD. 5. The division of cells in root tip occurred from 7 to 8 o'clock a.m. or from 4 t, o 6 o'clock p. nl. and the observation is somewhat differ from Miss. i3EARD's report. For ascertain the diffefence above mentioned, the root tips of two species-Trichocereus spachianus and Notocactus sudmammulosus-were fixed at intervals of one half or tWo hours duririg 7 o'clock a. m. to 6 o'clock p. m: In the root tips fixed at noon the ', division of cells were scarcely found, but there were many dividing cells fixed at morning Or evening. e . The chromosomes of cacti are very small, and.: there are some difference in size among each species . The size of chromosomes in tropical or desert plants are small in many cases, but not absolutely. So it may not be said that the smaller chromosomes. ls not related to the tropical or succulent plants: 7. There was not found real relation between polyploidy and cold reslstance 8. There was not recognized ariy relation between polyploidy and other characters .

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In the present paper, the authors discuss about the serial order of following six genes belong to the :P1-linkage group. P1 : The modifyer which distributes janthocyanin pigment over the whole leaf blade, Ieaf sheath, as well as pulvinus and stem node. Rp : The modifyer reponsible distributing apiculus, color over the whole surface of palea, Iemrila and rachilla. Ph : The gene for phenol reaction. The carybpsis, and glume of certain rice varieties are stained with dark violet color by phenol treatment. This characteir behaves as dominant over negative phenol reaction or non-coloring. lg : The gene for liguleless. d₂: The gene for "Ebisu" dwarf. d₃: One of the multiple genes refers to "Tilleringdwarft " . Of these genes, the following recombination values were calculated in F₂ segrega, tion.

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This experiment was carried out to make clear the mechanism of variation of flower colour in Petunia hybrida frorn the qhemical stand point, using the method of Paper Partition Chromatography. The results are sumrilerized as follows. 1 . P. P.C. proved to be found four anthocyanins-malvidin, malvidin diylucoside, petunidin and petunidin monoglycoside and three fiavones rutip, lsoquercitrin and quercetin in the flower of Petunia. 2. Blue strains generally contained the complexsalt of malvidin and its glycoside, but the co-pigment effect could not recognized. 3. Red strains generally contained petunidin and its glycoside, but the difference between pink and salmon depended on that of co-pigments. 4. No constitutional difference of pigments existed between coloured and white parts of variegated flower, and coloured or white flower. 5. Petunidin were widely found in the flowers of F₁ hybrids, but the production of petunidin djd not suppress that of malvidin. 6. White was generally recognized as a recessive character in the flower of hybridization, but it frequently affected to induce colotirs after hybridization with the chromogeris, which it contained.

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This preliminary report deals with a few methods of inducing fiowering of mulberry plants in the sum mer-autumn season . Generally speaking, mulberry flowers, in the vicinity of Tokyo, are in bloom late spring, however the following four treatments showed to be successful methods in order to induce fiowering in the summer autumn season. 1 . One-year-old cut shoots severed off their crown in wintet or early spring, are stoted in a cool cellar at 5'C . These refrigerated shoots are taken out and cuttings are inserted late summer . 2. The hardened shoots of, the current years growth are severed off their crown at the suitable time (perhaps after August) and stored in a cool cellar at 5'C for about a month . These refrigerated shoots are taken out and cuttirigs are inserted . 3 . The current year's shoots of mulberry trees in the field are pruned late summer. 4 . The current year's shoots of mulberry cuttings in pots, to which the same treatment as the first case had been given early spring and has grown, are pruned late summer .

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1. This work is one of the studies in which the as followswriters intend to make clear the modes of the quantit, ative inheritance in main crops from the view point of breeding. Materials used in this work are the F₁-F₅ generations from the hybrids of the two varieties, of rice, "NABESIMA" and "KA1RYo-AIKoKUnEN-DAIKO-KUGATA", which were crossed in 194 at the Plantbreeding laboratory of the Kyoto Univ . The total :numbers of the lines and individuals observed are 1. 137 and 85.616 respectively. 2., 'NABESIMA" is a normal veriety showing a medium stem length and also a medilm length of pa nicles (about 21 cm), while "KAlRYO-AIKOKUHEN-DAIKOKUGATA" is a dwarfish variety with short stems and short penicles (about 17 cm). 3 . The methods of investigation are the same as those already described in the senior writer's previous feports (SYAKUDO, 1948, 1950). 4, The progeny test in regard to the. panicle length was made eonsidering the mean value, standard deviation, coeificient of variability and the range of variance. The. results ., show that the two multiple, genes P₄ and P₅., and a dwarfish gene D₁ determine the panicle length. The accumulative effect of the genes P₄ and P₅ to the panicle length are of inperfect dominance, while that of D₁ is of perfect dominance. Consequently the genotypes of the parents will be assumed as follows:

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