育種学雑誌
Online ISSN : 2185-291X
Print ISSN : 0536-3683
ISSN-L : 0536-3683
7 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1~12を表示しています
  • 梶浦 実
    1958 年 7 巻 4 号 p. 201-207
    発行日: 1958/06/30
    公開日: 2008/05/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    1) In Japan, canned satsuma orange is most important among, canned fruit products, but its canning season is limited to only four months in winter. Summer fruit species for canning, therefore, had been eagerly wanted. In order to meet this requirement, the introduction of several California canning-peach varieties into Japan had been made. but it was unsuccessful because of their low yields under the Japanese climatic conditions. 2) Canning-peach varieties suitable to Japanese climate require mainly such characters as oriental growing-type trees (i.e. abundant flowerbud production and high fruit setting) and anthracnose (Gloeosporium laeticolor BERK.) resistance. The b, reeding work to meet such needs bas been taken up since 1935 by the Government Hor'ticultural Experiment Station.
  • 鳥山 国士, 蓬原 雄三
    1958 年 7 巻 4 号 p. 208-212
    発行日: 1958/06/30
    公開日: 2008/05/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    1. Using the rice cross 'Tokaisenbon x Fujisaka No. 5, ' these experiments have been carried out to clarify the relatives efficiencies of the individual and line selection in bulk method, and to estimate heritabilities, the parent-offspring correlations and the correlations grain yield and the other characters.
  • 山口 彦之
    1958 年 7 巻 4 号 p. 213-220
    発行日: 1958/06/30
    公開日: 2008/05/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to clarify the effect of fractional dosage on sterility in the treaited generation, dormant Seeds of a variety "Norin No. 29" of rice and of a variety "Sekitori Sai No. 1" of barley were treated with X-radiation. The irradiation was given in two fractions of 10.000 r. at one, two or four days interval and a single dose of 20.000 r. in both species. The fractional dosage produced more sterility than the single dose in the first generation of rice as well as of barley, as shown at Table I and 3, and the increment of rest period elapsing between first irradiation and the next gave more sterile spikes). This result obtained with dormant seeds probably is due to the Storage of seed after the cessation of X-raying, also to the X-ray-sensitivity produced by the first irradiation.
  • 根井 正利, 赤藤 克己
    1958 年 7 巻 4 号 p. 221-227
    発行日: 1958/06/30
    公開日: 2008/05/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effects of partial outcrossing on the genetic variance and heritability in segregating and natural populations were examined, and the methods for estimating the components of variance and heritability were developed, taking into account the effects of outcrossing. 1 . The rate of increase in genetic variance or heritability by the repetition of segregating generation decreases as the proportion of outcrossing becomes large, and in the case of complete outcrossing the genetic variance and heritability in all generations excepting the F1 are the same as those of the F2 generation. In the estimation of the heritability of Fn by the regeression coefficient, it is more rational to use the selfed progenies tnan those obtained by open pollination. It was also found that in the progeny mean selection in the breeding of partially allogamous plants it is effective to make an artificial selfing in one or two generations prior to the selection, and further it was concluded that the limit of outcrossing for an effective bulk-method breeding is 10%.2. In the estimation of variance components by using Mather's method (1949), it is desirable to self-fertilize the F, individuals by some artificial technique when there is any possibility of outcrossing, although if the degree of outcrossing is known the estimates may be obtained by using the fomulas (10)-(15), where )L is the proportion of outcrossmg.
  • 戸津 侃公
    1958 年 7 巻 4 号 p. 228-230
    発行日: 1958/06/30
    公開日: 2008/05/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    1) In the crossmg expenment performed with rye vanety "Petkuser" (Secale cereale L ) more than 50 plants of a wheat vanety "Nisimura" ( Triticum aestivum L.) showed a ihigh crossability, but one plant failed to set any seed in 1948. . I.n the following generation the latter when selfed gave seven plants showrng low crossability (0.0-8%) The low crossability continued in the progeny, except one mutation plant given rise to in 1958 (Tab. 1). This strain was named "Nisimura-kawari" which means a mutant from "Nisimura ". 2) From a further crossing experiment it was clearly established that crossability of "Nisimura" with rye pollen was 56. 6-74. 6%, while that of "Nisimura-kawari" 1. 1-4.1 %only. 3) Gene analysis of crossability was made in F1 and F2 hybrids of "Nisimura x Nisimurakawari" and its reciprocal cross. The low crossability "C" of "Nisimura-kawari': was found to be completely dbminant over the high crossability "c" of original " Nisimura ". The genotype of " Nisimura " is cc, and that of "N1srmura kawan " CC. " Nisimurakawari" seems probably to have arisen from "Nisimura" by mutation of one gene .c->C.
  • 小野沢 芳郎
    1958 年 7 巻 4 号 p. 231-234
    発行日: 1958/06/30
    公開日: 2008/05/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Previously, author reported that the ratios of insoluble carbohydrate content to total sugar content in living barks was higher in resistant varietes than succeptible ones at the time after the fall of leaves. This result seemed to be very interesting for the studies 'of the physiological mechanisms of blight resistance and breeding of the resistant strains. In present segregating studies pattern of this characteristic of Fl hybrids in 8 crosses between resistant varieties and succeptible ones were investigated. These results obtained were summerized as follows. ( 1 ) Parental varieties of all crosses (except one cross) showed the parallel results ivith previous finding. ( 2 ) Hybrid indiuiduals in each cross contained various of carbohydrate composition. And those indicated continious distribution, having peaks in mid parents. ( 3 ) Hybrid individuals in two crosses between cultivated and wild, the correlation between the degrees of resistance from field test and physiological characteristics has been shown as the same as observed between varieties in one cross, but not in another. Thus, to secure a clear conclusion in this problem, further investigations are necessary with in many crosses and a large number of hybrids.
  • 吉田 照雄, 玉井 虎太郎
    1958 年 7 巻 4 号 p. 235-240
    発行日: 1958/06/30
    公開日: 2008/05/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Geranium oil is a very important perfumer's raw material. "Geranium" is only a horticultural name which has nothing to do with true geranium, comm, ercial geranium oil being produced from different Pelargonium species. In Japan, material plants cultivated today for the production of geranium oil are Pelargoniuln deletici, latwa JACQ and P. roseulee WILLD. (Fig. 1), and the region where they are chiefly produced is the islands of the Inland Sea. The present paper deals with the experiment to inves, tigate the relation between the distribution of oil glands and the percentage of essential oil among species. Materials used in this work are of three species : P. denticulatum, P. roseum and. P. radula. Results are as follows : ( I ) The oil gland differentiates from epidermis of the plant, and consists of three parts, i. e., basal cells, stalk cells and a secretory cell. Essential oil is accumulated in the form of oil globules between the cuticle and cell wall of the secreto:ry cell (Fig. 2), and oil globules enlarge their volume to form a large spherical mass. These oil globules are easily detectable by staining with sudan III. ( 2 ) Oil glands are distributed chiefly on the surface of leaf blades, but there are a few glands in the othef parts of the plant, such as petiole, stipule; stem and calyx.
  • 山口 彦之, 木村 定雄
    1958 年 7 巻 4 号 p. 241-246
    発行日: 1958/06/30
    公開日: 2008/05/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    1. To study the phylogenetic differentiation of upland rice cultivated i:n Japan, morethan one hundred and thirty varieties were picked out from numerous 'varieties collected from various districts by Experimental Station of Agriculture, Department of Agriculture and Forestry, and investigated with respect to varietal variation of some characters . 2. Most of the varieties of upland rice of Japan showed positive phenol reaction, while.lowland rice showed negative. Some characters, i. e., the degree of destruction of endosperm by KOH solution, the length of mesocotyle grown in a dark place, and the length-width ratio of unhulled grain showed continuous varietal variation. It seemed that upland rice of Japan was composed of varieties of different nature as compared with lowland rice of Japan.
  • 山田 行雄
    1958 年 7 巻 4 号 p. 247-252
    発行日: 1958/06/30
    公開日: 2008/05/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Selection differential is defined as average superiority of selected birds over the unselected population from which they were chosen. It was calculated sepa:rately for cockerel, pullet and yearling-hen breeders at different stages of reproductive cycles, as follow : (I1) Intended or initial selection was measured as average superiority of the mean of birds selected as breeders over the mean for all birds in the unselected p, opulation from which the breeders were chosen. Modification of intended selection due to any association of the performance of each, selected bird with (I2) the number of eggs set from it during the breeding season. (I3) ithe number of chicks hatched from its mating, (I4) the number of pullet progeny housed. and (I5) the number of pullet progeny completed their records. The last one is the realized selection. Each selection differential under (I2)-(I5) was the weighted mean of individual or family superiority over the mean of all birds of the unselected population. Automatic selection due to association with family size was calculated as the mean of progeny minus the corresponding mean of all full-sisters' average. This is the selection automatically applied because of differences in family size.
  • 盛永 俊太郎, 栗山 英雄
    1958 年 7 巻 4 号 p. 253-259
    発行日: 1958/06/30
    公開日: 2008/05/16
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 永井 次郎, 吉田 元一, 内藤 元男
    1958 年 7 巻 4 号 p. 260-263
    発行日: 1958/06/30
    公開日: 2008/05/16
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 堅田 彰, 武田 功
    1958 年 7 巻 4 号 p. 264-270
    発行日: 1958/06/30
    公開日: 2008/05/16
    ジャーナル フリー
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