The Yashiro which was carrying on the decrease of users was taken off on March 31, 2012 and substitute bus started service from the next day. The purpose of this research is to examine the measures to improve service of the substitute bus to plan rearrange of the problem and promotion of utilization at the time of the introduction of the substitute bus. Examination is (1) Getting on and off investigation into the bus in a year of the bus. (2) Question survey for user and nonuser of the bus. (3) Aggregate analysis into service of the substitute bus. Examined the remedy of the bus service from these examinations. As a result, most of the bus nonusers used a bicycle.

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 Mobility management is a series of transportation policies with a focus on communication. In order to improve the traffic problems essentially, mobility management has to be carried for a long term continuously. Since the first mobility management was conducted in Japan, more than 10 years have passed. Meanwhile, many projects have been implemented, but more than half of them ended in a short period of time in practice.
 This study performed interviews for cities, which continue mobility management and have been rated the effect of it effectual. As a result, in order to continue mobility management, the policy judgment of the head of the municipality, the presence of key persons in the center of the efforts, the presence of the platform, the strong will of the participants , and the implementation strategy are suggested.

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 After the Higashi Nippon earthquake, a reconstruction plan and its road map were formed and implemented. However, many communities are in crisis until today because of the unprecedented huge damage by the tsunami disaster. Residents in temporary houses faced to a lot of problems. Most basic community units of neighbors had been stopped in some areas. People moving to other areas are increasing and populations in disaster areas are decreasing.
 This paper presents a communication based approach for promoting the community reconstruction. It includes the process such as observation, communication, face to face survey, setting up a place for communication, picking up words from the residents, searching and setting a target, making a plan for mutual understanding of the problems predicted after taking actions and the adaptive management with communication for next steps. A case study in Taro district, Japan, are described and discussed.

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 The purpose of this paper is to examine the idea and method of “Citizen Works” as an approach to community-based nature restoration. The authors have developed the concept of “Citizen Works” on the basis of the case of restoring estuary named Kamoko on Sado Island, Niigata prefecture. The most difficult concern for the restoration of Kamoko is its governmental limitation: the estuary is a public property not designated by law. In order to promote the restoration project, we established a citizen organization, in which local residents carried out a restoration project in collaboration with researchers, private companies and governmental officials. In this paper, we explain the restoration process, and propose “Citizen Works” as an effective method for the regeneration of commons which means grass roots nature restoration.

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