In order to resolve the mechanism of increase in number of Fc_γ-receptor bearing lymphocytes by interferon (IFN), the number of Fc_γ-receptor (Fc_γR) on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (human PBL) was calculated by competitive radioimmunoassay using ¹²⁵I-labeled IgG-Fc (Fc_γ) fragments.
Fc_γ-fragments from a patient with γ-chain disease were radiolabeled with solid phase lactoperoxidase method of David (Specific activity was 3, 200 Ci/mmol).
Binding of ¹²⁵I-labeled Fc_γ-fragments to Fc_γ-R was inhibited by a large excess of unlabeled Fc_γ-fragments, but not IgM protein. Scatchard plots in the binding assay were almost linear, suggesting that Fc_γR on the cells have similar affinity for the Fc_γ-fragments. In the analysis, it was also found that the average number of Fc_γR per cell (_??_) was about 34, 000/cell, and the association constant (Ka) was 9.8×10⁶/M.
Human PBL, after incubation with human IFN (500 u/ml) at 37°C for 3 hr, contained 72, 000 receptors per cell, which were approximately twice of the control cells. However, IFN preparation of the lymphocytes had not an effect on the association constant of the reaction, namely not an effect on affinity of binding of Fc_γ-fragment for its specific receptor.
It means that increase in number of Fc_γR bearing lymphocytes by IFN was not due to enhancement in the affinity of Fc_γR, but an actual increase in number of Fc_γR.

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The present studies showed that monocytes are necessary for the generation of Con A-induced suppressor T cells.
Furthermore, the pokeweed mitogen response of B cells and mixid lymphocytes reaction were suppressed strongly by suppressor T cells which had been induced by Con A in the presence of monocytes at a concentration of 5-10%.
The generation of Con A-induced suppressor T cells was blocked when these T cells were precultured with monocytes pretreated with aggregated IgG.
In contrast, an enhancement of suppressor cell generation was observed when the T cells were treated with aggregated IgG before Con A activation.
The monocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis contributed to the generation of Con A-induced suppressor T cells to a less degree.

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K-cell population in normal healthy children was studied by means of a microplate method so as to make a comparison with that in normal adults, and K-cell population in patients with leukemia and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) were investigated. Sixteen normal children showed values of 5.75±1.78% (M±SD), there being no significant difference between these values and values of 6.42±1.56% in 12 normal adults. Thirteen children with leukemia had a K-cell population of 2.55±1.36%, there being a significant difference (P<0.001) between these values and those of the normal children. In case of intractable recurrent leukemia, the values were significantly lower. The values of 4.55±2.48% in 13 JRA patients were not significantly different from the values of the normal children.
After the preincubation of lymphocytes in aggregated IgG or the sera of the patients with leukemia, the K-cell population significantly decreased in both media compared with the control groups.
Conclusion: There was lower K-cell population in leukemia. Further, the K-cell population significantly decreased in intractable cases. The sera of leukemic children showed a reduced K-cell population, suggesting that there is a factor which blocks the Fc-receptor of K-cell.

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A rare association of Sjögren syndrome, Basedow's disease and latent renal tubular acidosis occurred in 46-year-old female. She has been suffered from thirst, and generized sweating during the last several years. On August, 1978, she felt dull pains on both lower extremities and the cuccyx, and so she consulted a home-doctor. Taxing the drugs, she felt palpitation. On October, she was pointed out having dry eye and dry mouth. On admission, she was somewhat nervous. Pulse rate was 104 per minutes, and blood pressure was 164-85. Diffuse goiter without exophthalmos was possitive. Hepatosplenomegaly was negative. Bilateral hand finger tremor was positive. Laboratory data included polyclonal hypergammerglobulinemia, slightly microcytic hypochromic anemia, normal liver function tests, and normal values of BUN, cleatinine, PSP test, Fishberg concentration test, cleatinine clearance and electrolytes. PH in artery blood gas was 7.415. There were positive for anti-DNA antibody (RIA), anti-RNP antibody, anti-Sm antibody, anti-thyroglobulin antibody, and anti-microsome antibody. But RA factor, LE cell, and BFP were negative. Schirmer test and Gum test were abnormal. Sialography showed abnormal shadow of apple tree patterns. Lip biopsy demonstrated chronic sialadenitis. NH₄Cl loading test showed latent renal tubular acidosis of distal type. Chest X-P showed interstional fibrosis. Thyroid gland function tests showed hyperthyroid. Thyroid gland biopsy showed that flat and cube-like follicules of various size filled almostly with colloid, where slightly papillary epithelial proliferation were seen. Thyroid function was normalized after Propranol-HCI and Thiamazole administration. Although chronic thyroiditis was associated with about 10% of cases with Sjögren syndrome, the combination of Basedow's disease, latent renal tubular acidosis and Sjögren syndrome has been rarely reported. The speculative pathogenesis and the clinical problems were discussed.

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Five hundreds and eighty four patients reported to the Registry of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases of Japan included sixty two cases diagnosed as infantile X-linked agammaglobulinemia. Summarizing the reported data on these patients such informations as family history, the initial symptom and the age of onset, age at the time of diagnosis and the report, major clinical features particularly infections, major laboratory findings and prognosis were presented and discussed.
Because the reported data were not sufficient enough to establish certain diagnosis in some patients, we tried to make a criteria to evaluate the possibility of the diagnosis, which was consisted of family history and major laboratory findings.
Judging from this criteria the reported sixty two patients were classified as follows;
Group A (Certain) 8 cases (12.9%)
Group B (Probable) 16 cases (25.8%)
Group C (Possible) 20 cases (32.3%)
Group D (Doubtful or Pending) 18 cases (29.0%)
Group A and B, in total 24 cases (38.7% of all), seemed to be appropriate to be diagnosed as infantile X-linked agammaglobulinemia.

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For the purpose of preventing carcinogenesis, we have given Nocardia rubra Cell Wall Skeleton (N-CWS) to the retired workers of the Okunojima Poison Gas Factory since four years ago. To see a part of NK cell or K cell played in the action of N-CWS, 200 μg of N-CWS was. administered to the 16 retired workers, and changes on activities of NK cells, ADCC, PHA induced cytotoxicity (PHA-I. C.) and PHA response were studied. The NK cell activity against K-562 was examined by the ⁵¹Cr release assay and the activities of NK cells as well as ADCC and PHA-I. C. against T-24 were measured by the ³H-proline assay.
The NK cell activity against K-562 as well as ADCC activity against T-24 indicated a significant increase two weeks after administration of N-CWS, which then gradually reduced in 12 weeks to the before level. On the other hand, no significant change was observed with PHA-I. LC. activity and PHA response.
From the above data it is noted that the activities of NK cell and ADCC are augmented by administration of N-CWS.

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