巻号一覧
29 巻 (1998)
- 6 号 p. 837-
- 5 号 p. 771-
- 4 号 p. 699-
- 3 号 p. 401-
- 1-2 号 p. 1-
29 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
熊谷 雄治, 横田 愼一, 井澤 志名野, 渡辺 朋恵, 澤田 実花, 村崎 光邦, 中井 恵子, 神波 亜矢子1998 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 699-705
発行日: 1998/07/31
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーMizolastine is a new peripherally acting histamine H1 receptor antagonist, which is metabolized by the liver both through conjugation and by cytochrome-P450 (CYP). It is reported that aging affects the pharmacokinetics of some drugs metabolized by the liver. Therefore, we performed a parallel group comparison of the pharmacokinetics of mizolastine in elderly and young subjects. The subjects were 12 apparently healthy male volunteers (6 elderly subjects aged 65 to 67 years and 6 younger subjects aged 20 to 24 years). Each subject was administered a tablet containing 10 mg of mizolastine at 9: 00 in the morning following an overnight fast. Blood sampling for the determination of plasma concentration of mizolastine was performed at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours after mizolastine administration. Mizolastine was well tolerated by the younger subjects, while symptoms such as sleepiness were noted by the elderly. The plasma concentration of mizolastine was higher in the elderly than in the young (p=0.010, a group effect by repeated measured ANOVA). The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was higher in the elderly (283.8±44.0 vs 222.2±30.1 ng/ml: elderly vs young, mean±S. D., p=0.018 by t-test) and area under the curve for 24 hours (AUC (0→24 hr)) was also larger in the elderly (2308±472 vs 1527±398 ng·hr/ml, p=0.011). Although time to reach Cmax was identical in the two groups, the elimination half life (t1/2) was longer in the elderly (8.8±1.9 vs 6.4±1.3 hours, p=0.030). It is considered that a change in the dosage regimen is not needed in the elderly, as the increase in the plasma concentration among elder subjects was about 50%, however careful observation of the subjective symptoms is desirable since sleepiness was only found in the elderly.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (871K) -
Kiyotaka HIRATA, Yoshiaki MATSUMOTO, Mitsuo MATSUMOTO, Masamichi FUKUO ...1998 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 707-714
発行日: 1998/07/31
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe pharmacokinetic parameters of the intravenous anesthetic drug propofol were investigated. Propofol was administered using an infusion pump at variable rates (10, 8, 6 and 4 mg/kg/hr) to 15 Japanese patients undergoing surgery, as part of a protocol for the induction of general anesthesia that included the use of nitrous oxide and muscle relaxants. The weight of the patients was 56±10 kg (mean±SD). The blood propofol concentrations were determined using high performance liquid chromatography and ECD detection. Blood propofol concentrations were also measured when the patients awoke. The blood propofol concentrations were fitted by a three-compartment model using the maximum likelihood estimation. Bias, accuracy and precision between the measured and the predicted blood concentrations were calculated using the pharmacokinetic parameters obtained.
The obtained elimination clearance (CL), of 49 ml/kg/min, was greater than that reported in a different propofol study in which the weight of the patients was 71±17 kg. The blood propofol concentration when the patients opened their eyes in response to a verbal command was 793.0±67 ng/ml (mean±SD). The prediction error calculated from our parameters (mean absolute error, 0.12, root mean squared error, 0.078), particularly that at awakening, was significantly smaller than that calculated from parameters obtained in a previous report. The pharmacokinetic parameters in this study were useful for the prediction of the propofol blood concentration, as was the application of a computer controlled infusion pump technique.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1019K) -
原田 和博, 荒川 昌史, 山崎 晶司, 小林 英司, 藤村 昭夫1998 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 715-720
発行日: 1998/07/31
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーWe investigated using questionnaires the present status of the transmission of information to clinicians regarding drug interactions. To 140 doctors, we asked the following questions, showing seven representative examples of drug interactions; 1) Do you have knowledge of the drug interactions and consider them in daily practice? 2) Where do you obtain the information? 3) What do you think about the present status of the information regarding drug interactions and who should povide such information? We received 110 responses and the following results were obtained. Drug interactions by sorivudine and fluorouracil analogs, and terfenadine and erythromycin, which were warned by emergency safety information, and fluoroquinolones and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs were well transmitted and recognized by doctors; The percentages of the doctors who knew about such interactions were 80%, 75% and 80%, respectively. However, other drug interactions shown in the questionnaire were not well recognized. The percentages of the doctors who prescribed the drugs without particular attention to the interactions in daily practice were 29% for tetracyclines and drugs containing aluminium or magnesium ions, 19% for rifampicin and calcium-channel blockers, 13% for digoxin and verapamil, 12% for theophylline and fluoroquinolones. The largest source of the information regarding drug interactions was pharmaceutical companies (60%), followed by drug package inserts (37%), magazines or books (34%), etc. Eighty-five percent of the doctors answered that sufficient information regarding drug interactions was lacking, and 92% of the doctors expected pharmaceutical companies to provide such information. These results indicate that it is necessary to improve the transmission system of the information regarding drug interactions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4585K) -
小野 俊介1998 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 723-726
発行日: 1998/07/31
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (670K) -
中野 重行1998 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 727-730
発行日: 1998/07/31
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (564K) -
衣非 脩, 日本製薬工業協会1998 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 731-739
発行日: 1998/07/31
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1850K) -
秋山 秀樹1998 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 741-744
発行日: 1998/07/31
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (573K) -
大橋 京一1998 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 745-747
発行日: 1998/07/31
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (539K) -
加賀谷 肇, 佐川 賢一, 島田 慈彦1998 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 749-753
発行日: 1998/07/31
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (575K) -
瀬尾 信雄1998 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 755-758
発行日: 1998/07/31
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (594K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|