Netsu Sokutei
Online ISSN : 1884-1899
Print ISSN : 0386-2615
ISSN-L : 0386-2615
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Volume 51, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Review
  • Lambda-type Trititanium Pentoxide Demonstrating Pressure-Responsive Thermal Storage Properties
    Hiroko Tokoro, Shin-ichi Ohkoshi
    2024 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages 63-69
    Published: April 25, 2024
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2024
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11311/jscta.51.2_63
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    In recent years, with rapid climate change emerging as a global concern, the urgent development of technologies for the effective utilization of renewable energy has become paramount. Currently, thermal storage materials have garnered attention as one of the solutions to this challenge. Generally, phase-change heat storage materials face limitations in the long-term preservation of energy. However, if there were materials capable of retaining accumulated thermal energy and releasing it upon external stimuli at desired timing, the potential applications of thermal storage technology would significantly broaden. From this perspective, we have proposed externally stimulated responsive thermal storage materials. These materials can store latent heat within until the addition of external stimuli. This article explores long-term thermal storage ceramics composed of lambda–trititanium–pentoxide (λ-Ti3O5), providing details on their synthesis, thermal storage properties, and potential future applications.
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  • Biomass Torrefaction Reforming Technology and Its Prospect
    Toru Sawai, Tamio Ida, Satoru Mizuno, Nami Kanada
    2024 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages 70-77
    Published: April 25, 2024
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2024
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11311/jscta.51.2_70
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    In response to the “Paris Agreement” which was adopted at COP21 in December 2015, Japan has also aimed for “2050 carbon neutrality” in October 2020. Torrefaction is known as a method for maximizing the use of solid biofuels. Torrefaction treatment is attracting attention as a method for reforming solid biofuels, in addition to hydrophobically modify biomass for material use. Biomass subjected to torrefaction treatment has significantly improved its properties such as lower moisture content, higher energy density, higher crushability, and hydrophobicity when compared to that of raw material biomass, so it has the potential for industrial use. In this article, we explained the dry torrefaction (DT) and wet torrefaction (WT) methods. Finally, we also discussed the prospects of torrefaction solid biofuels in Japan. In any case, the transition to green energy and renewable energy through solid bioenergy is inevitable.
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  • Construction of Melting Phase Diagram of Chiral Compounds and Application to Resolution
    Ryusei Oketani, Ichiro Hisaki
    2024 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages 78-84
    Published: April 25, 2024
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2024
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11311/jscta.51.2_78
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    The aim of the tutorial is to explain how to construct the binary melting phase diagram and solid-liquid ternary phase diagram of chiral systems and how to use it for resolution by crystallization. Phase diagram represents the phase information of a substance when it reaches thermodynamic equilibrium. To establish the reproducible resolution by crystallization, phase diagrams are extremely helpful because it indicates the crystallization pathways necessary for obtaining the desired crystalline phase. Herein, we described the types of racemic crystal structures, corresponding binary and ternary phase diagrams, and how to construct them based on the thermal analysis and solubility measurements. Furthermore, we introduced the definition of ‘deracemization’, which has been paid attention to as a productive resolution process. We also described our recent achievements about resolution enabled by phase diagrams.
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  • Acquiring Liquid-Crystal-like Thermal Transition and Hyper Thermostability of Artificially Designed α-Helical Peptide Nanofibers
    Minami Kurokawa, Atsuo Tamura
    2024 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages 85-90
    Published: April 25, 2024
    Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2024
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11311/jscta.51.2_85
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    Studies on the peptide fibers have traditionally focused on investigating their morphological properties, with insufficient attention paid to their physical characteristics, such as thermal stability. This study aims to address this gap by designing several types of peptide nanofibers with α-helical structures and investigating their thermal responses. It was shown that one of the peptides had a transition temperature close to 130 ºC, which is exceptionally high for a biomolecule. Additionally, some peptides exhibited liquid crystal-like thermal transitions, in which multiple molecules underwent a simultaneous structural transition. We attempted to elucidate the factors behind these rare phenomena through thermodynamic analyses. The findings from this study are expected to pave the way for the development of artificially designed α-helical fibers.
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