Information visualization, the study of data analysis, manipulation, structure, information, and knowledge, and an approach to achieving appropriate visual display and representation, has significant meaning at present. It is a bridge by which to connect virtual information to actual understandable cognize. With the explosion of information in the modern world, information visualization has played an increasingly important role in many fields. In this research, we focused on a number of existing mainstream visualization display models taken from previous studies in order to develop a classification strategy for visual representations from the perspective of human intention. In the concluding section of this research, we propose the application of this model in terms of the data visualization process and its prospects in this regard.

This study investigated user task performance according to gender, interface design (linear or mixed type), and task complexity (easy, medium, or difficult). In total, 48 participants (24 females, 24 males; mean age = 64.4 years, SD = 3.04) were recruited. Task performance was indexed by the time taken to complete a task. It was noted that the main effects of gender and mode on task performance were not significant, and neither were the gender interaction effects with all other factors. It was also found that the main effects of topological structure and task effect, and their interaction, were significant with respect to task performance. An example of a good interface design (mixed type) that can be adapted to suit particular task conditions and allows high-quality operation by elderly users was proposed by this study. The mixed topological design improved task performance relative to a linear topological interface design, regardless of task complexity. The findings of this study may contribute to improvements in digital dictionary app interface design and research for elderly people.

In our life, reaching movements in peripheral vision are common. However, there are few studies about motor planning in peripheral vision. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of visual field on motor planning in central vision and peripheral vision during reaching movements. In this experiment, ten right-handed subjects participated in 240 trials of reaching task. They were instructed to reach the cork cube. The cork cube was randomly placed in four different positions; high or low position in central vision, high or low position in peripheral vision. During the experiment, behavior and electroencephalographic signals were recorded. The finding showed that people can easy to plan movement in central vision rather than in peripheral vision. Moreover, we suggested that the factors which affect the perceived affordance may include not only external environments but also the internal processing that is affected by visual fields.

This study determines whether perceptions of changes in facial complexions as a result of the use of colored eye shadow differ depending on the genders of the observers. Ten male and ten female students participated in this investigation. Five faces, each wearing different color eye shadow, and a face without eye shadow were presented together, and participants were asked to rank the six faces in order of ruddiness, yellowness, and the beauty of the makeup. We consequently found that the correlation between male and female participants concerning the beauty scores was not very high. Meanwhile, there were slight differences between the sexes in terms of the evaluations of face color, but these could be explained by the sexes' different judgment backgrounds. Our results suggest that the judgment of complexion might not be merely a perceptual task, and that analysis on this topic should be performed with the sexes separately.

Crime and security are considered the main points of concern for the Mexican adult population. As part of the Chiba University Post-Urban-Living Innovation program, this study focuses on analyzing the current crime and security situation of a Mexican local urban community to detect relevant information for the future development of design against crime-derived security services and products to decrease fear of crime and improve reported crime rates and trust in local police authorities. Victimization surveys and questionnaires are used to identify important crimes, perceived safety, trust in local authorities and other community members, as well as communication methods and reactions to crime occurrence of members of communities of the south center zone of Mazatlán, Sinaloa. Results indicate that community-based security systems, as well as extended family involvement in the crime situation, may help improve the levels of fear of crime of the community.

The purpose of the study is to achieve the shaping design with repetitive, symmetric, and continuous graphs through papercutting. The researchers used the folding and cutting model of papercutting to build the linkage with the graphic shaping arrangement of the Majolica tile in order to discover an effective and expeditious design method for the public. The study proposes conclusions as follows: 1) to ensure the relationships between the folding steps and folding lines: the expression of the shaping arrangement patterns as long as one knows the position of the folding lines in papercutting in advance, which significantly enhances the artist's design efficiency; and 2) the correspondence between papercutting model and the shaping graphic arrangement of the tile: from the 25 single Majolica tile samples, the folding steps correspond to the Majolica tile, which inspires the design of the shaping graphic arrangement. The study obtains 10 different folding steps and 9 kinds of folding line distribution.

Documents are surrounding us anytime anywhere. The accuracy and the appropriateness of information representation direct what people think and how people (re)act. The process of design thinking will provide document design problem-solving and the possibilities of innovative thinking. Classifying documents helps designers to define the document types for efficiently and effectively communicate with users. This study analyzes 54 representative samples with the KJ Method. Five document types were concluded, including indicative document, retrieving document, dialogical document, feedback document and expository document. The results show that the distribution of documents in the same type has the tendency to aggregate, indicating that document type has cause-effect relation with interactivity and readability. It thus suggests designers to pay attention to the intrinsic factors and the external representation of a design.

Taichung Cultural and Creative Industries Park, managed by Ministry of Culture, the only one of the five major parks that has a government department stationed in for management, serves as the foremost leadership influencing the policy direction of cultural and creative industries development. The purpose of this study was to analyze how TCCIP established its operating position and strategies based on cluster operating strategy. Based on the Cluster theory, the research method conducted in-depth interviews to explore TCCIP from seven aspects. The study results indicated the operating unit adopted the strategy of constructing a clustering ecology and positioned the cultural inheritance for itself. After stationed in, business owners not only immediately formed organizations and incubation alliances, but also built cohesion and actively connected to external resources. The successful key elements of TCCIP's clustering strategy relied on the resource integration and cooperation between the entrepreneurs after the establishment of cluster ecology.

With regard to the design of desks and chairs for schools or offices, there are great variations in the physiques of the users. Of various specifications for desks and chairs, height is a crucial dimension that can affect the comfort and convenience during usage. Compared to providing a series of desks and chairs with different heights for the user to choose, adjustable desks and chairs take into account both manufacturing costs and the scope of usage, and constitute a more suitable solution. This paper integrates principles of human-factors, engineering, and anthropometry to propose a height adjustable concept model, the User/Effect/Product model. This model explains how to shift from a product that emphasizes function to design thinking that focuses on how users will use the product. Finally, this model was applied to propose several design case studies to prove the applicability of the User/Effect/Product model.

This paper aims to clarify how the designing process in in-house design department peculiar to Japan has changed, as service and solution are included in the design targets today. Many in-house design department in Japan have set up sections to handle these new design areas within themselves. The transformation of the design process in these sections and their characteristics were clarified by means of case studies based on interviews with general manager in design. As a result, the service design was found to have the following features. "1. Evaluation by the users in the preceding processes and verification in terms of business", "2. Creation of authentic prototype by means of advanced technologies in all processes", "3. Implementation through a stepwise process, which is still consistent in service designing". The most distinctive feature is that evaluation from outside stakeholders was added to the preceding process of the design, which used to include evaluation and examination conducted only inside the company. On the other hand, we could also confirm that the basis of the design process, "pursuance of further realization" had not changed.