教育医学
Online ISSN : 2434-9127
Print ISSN : 0285-0990
61 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の4件中1~4を表示しています
  • 竹下 美恵子
    2016 年 61 巻 4 号 p. 290-300
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2021/10/01
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
    This study defines grief stress as stress that accompanies grief experienced in the nursing profession. We sought to test the hypothesis that nurses on the job experience stress-related growth after experiencing grief stress by assigning meaning to the stress. We also sought to elucidate factors affecting this process. A self-administered questionnaire on grief stress, assignment of meaning to the stress, stress-related growth, compassion fatigue, and background factors was given to 665 nurses with two or more years of clinical experience. After receiving 567 valid responses, covariance structure analysis was conducted to test the hypothetical model. The hypothetical model of experiencing stress-related growth after experiencing grief stress by assigning meaning to the stress was supported. A meaningful path was formed between assignment of meaning to grief stress (.58, p<.001) and stress-related growth (.90,p<.001). Grief stress experienced in the nursing profession had a directly impact on compassion fatigue. Assigning meaning to the stress had the indirect effect of reducing compassion fatigue. "Position at work" and "opportunities to have discussions" are background factors that significantly affect assigning meaning to stress.
  • 佐藤 進, 出村 慎一, 仲井 培雄
    2016 年 61 巻 4 号 p. 301-309
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2021/10/01
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
    In our previous study (Sato et al., 2015), we calculated the storage capacity of subcutaneous fat area (SFA) accumulation from the cross-sectional approach. The present study aimed to determine the relationships between this storage capacity of SFA, the existing metabolic syndrome (MS) criteria, and cell biological scientific findings obtained from Sugihara’s study. Participants were 1354 Japanese adults. The relationships between the existing MS criteria [visceral fat area (VFA) cut-off point of 100 cm2] and our predicted storage capacity of SFA and VFA (SFAcap and VFAcal) were investigated by cross-tabulation. The percentage of participants with SFA > SFAcap and VFA > 100 cm2 was higher in males, whereas that of participants with SFA > SFAcap and VFA <100 cm2 was higher in females. To determine the cell biological characteristics of the SFAcap, mean values of SFA, VFA, and waist circumference (WC) were calculated for several BMI levels; these BMI levels provide an estimation of hypertrophy and hyperplasia of fat cells (Sugihara et al., 2006). The predicted SFAcap and VFAcal values were almost equal to their corresponding SFA and VFA values in the group wherein BMI ranged from 25 to 27. This BMI level corresponds to a stage in the"hypertrophy predominant"obesity type; in this stage, the cell shape of fat cells transitions from round to squamous. This result suggests that storage capacity of subcutaneous fat accumulation appears with a limitation of hypertrophy of fat cells.
  • −1985年と2013年の比較から−
    宮口 和義
    2016 年 61 巻 4 号 p. 310-318
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2021/10/01
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
    In the later years, a polarized tendency is observed in motor ability of preschool children, in particular, in a standing broad jump. This study determines the difference in standing broad jump between current preschool children and those 30 years before and their relations with activities in daily life, including cognitive functioning. The participants included 2,329 healthy children aged 3 to 6 years in Ishikawa Prefecture. They performed standing broad jump test. In addition, the assessment of the state of each child’s activity in the nursery school was performed by the caregivers. The representative values (mean and standard deviation) of data on 32,538 children studied in the same manner in 1985 were utilized for comparison. A two-way analysis of variance was performed to reveal the mean differences between children from both the periods (1985 and 2013) and of each age (age 3, 4, 5, and 6) on standing broad jump test. The results revealed that the current children had lower scores than those of 1985, and the overall ratios of children having lower scores had increased. From the comparison of the standing broad jump index (standing broad jump/height), it was suggested that the number of children who could not jump well using their own body had increased in comparison with those of 1985. In addition, it was suggested that the standing broad jump was related with the cognitive function such as “understanding” “concentration,” and “judgement.” The caregivers at the nursery will have to assess the standing broad jump based on the above results in the future.
  • 北田 豊治, 辻内 智樹, 塩見 哲大, 高山 伸也
    2016 年 61 巻 4 号 p. 319-327
    発行日: 2016年
    公開日: 2021/10/01
    ジャーナル オープンアクセス
     本研究は女子高校生の性に対する態度と行動の実態を明らかにすることを目的とした.福岡県内の女子高校生209名を対象とし,自記式の質問紙を集合調査法で実施した.対象者の性交経験率は36.4%であり,性交要求は「相手から」が最も高かった.動機は「愛していたから」「好きだったから」といった情緒的動機が高かった.  性に関する知識や情報は学校の授業を通して得るよりも,友人やメディアから多くを得ていた.性に関する知識は保健体育科の授業で学習する内容であるにも関わらず,誤った知識を得ている可能性が示唆された.  「金品の授受による性交」「恋人以外との性交」については性交経験の有無に関わらず,全体の90%以上のものが否定的であった.今後の性教育は,生理学的内容はもとより,あるべき性行動や性の規範意識といった心理的側面に関わる内容の充実が示唆された.
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