巻号一覧
38 巻 (2003)
- 4 号 p. 199-
- 3 号 p. 143-
- 2 号 p. 73-
- 1 号 p. 3-
38 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1～7を表示しています
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梅津 一孝, 山縣 真人, 岸本 正, 谷 昌幸, 林 峰之, 三崎 卓也2003 年 38 巻 4 号 p. 199-205
発行日: 2003/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/09
ジャーナル フリーThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of anerobically co-digested dairy manure and food processing wastes as an organic fertilizer, and to investigate the changes in soil nitrogen and grain yield of winter wheat (Hokushin) comparing digested dairy manure with chemical fertilizer.
By the incubation test, it was clear that the NH4-N was almost converted into the NO3-N for four weeks. Over the period of 101 days, 15% of inorganic N was accumulated in the soil.
Between grain yields where co-digested dairy manure and chemical fertilizer were applied, there were no significant difference, but protein contents in grain were higher in co-digested manure applied than chemical fertilizer one (p<0.05).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (860K) -
田島 淳, 吉村 正敬, 加藤 雅義, 樹野 淳也, 玉木 浩二2003 年 38 巻 4 号 p. 207-213
発行日: 2003/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/09
ジャーナル フリーShortening the composting time for tree pruning chips obtained in urban areas is important in reducing the area required for composing. We have developed several composting techniques over the last ten years. According to our study, using the closed-type reactor with the intermittent aeration effectively enhanced composting of secondary-crushed wood chips under the initial condition of 60% (w. b.) moisutre content without turning the compost pile. In this paper, the effects of amendments on composting of secondary-crushed wood chips were examined using a small-scale reactor (0.125m3) with the intermittent aeration (aeration: 30min with 30L min.-1 and 60 minites interruption).
The composting amendments used for this study were chicken manure, rice bran, rice bran & chicken manure and control (no amendment). From this experiment, we obtained the following results.
1) The amendment of rice bran & chicken manure had the highest rate of decomposition.
2) The chicken manure amendment rapidly increased the temperature of material in the early stage, and the rice bran amendment maintained material decomposition in the mid-stage of composting.
3) The C-N ratio of composting material amended with rice bran & chicken manure reduced 3 points, compared to the rice bran amendment.
4) The moisture loss of composting material due to the temperature rise was dependent on the type of amendment. Optimizing the aeration quantity of each amendment may allow composting material to be continuously decomposed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1001K) -
荒木 肇, 堀井 晃, 塚野 治夫, 佐藤 俊栄, 伊藤 道秋2003 年 38 巻 4 号 p. 215-219
発行日: 2003/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/09
ジャーナル フリーFor establishment of cropping technique of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) in non-flooded clayey paddy without underdrainage, soil moisture, oxidation in subsoil and yields of eggplants (cv. Niigata Kuro Juzen and cv. Senryo Nigo) grown in first- and fourth-year non-flooded clayey paddies were investigated, comparing with those of an upland field (sandy loam). Taro (Colocasia esculenta), soybean (Glycine max) and tomato (Licopersicon esculentum) were produced in each previous year in fourth-year non-flooded clayey paddy. Soil moistures (pF) in the 3 tested fields were similar until the middle of July. The pF in upland field maintained near 2.5 value after late of July. The pF of the first- year drained continued to exhibit a low value (1.5-2.0), whereas, that of the fourth-year drained paddy showed higher value, varying 1.9-2.6, in August. Soil oxidation was occasionally observed in the reduced layer of the fourth-year non-flooded paddy. The frequencies of soil clods less than 20mm after rotary tillage were 75-76% in the first- and fourth-year drained paddies, which were lower than that observed in the upland field. Though the growth of eggplant in the first-year non-flooded paddy was reduced, growth reduction was not recognized in the fourth-year non-flooded paddy, compared with that in the upland field. The yield of eggplant in the fourth-year non-flooded paddy increased in August, while it was small in the first- year non-flooded paddy. The total yield of eggplant grown in the fourth-year non-flooded paddy was significantly larger than those in the first-year non-flooded paddy and the upland field. From these results, it was recognized that soil properties in 4th-year non-flooded clayey paddy approached that of upland soil and it contributed the yield increase of eggplant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1214K) -
バングラディシュを例としてアハメド T., 瀧川 具弘, 小池 正之, ホサイン M.M., ハック M.M., ハルク M.O.2003 年 38 巻 4 号 p. 221-236
発行日: 2003/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/09
ジャーナル フリーバングラディシュにおいて一般的である人力畜力,歩行形トラクタ,四輪トラクタを基幹動力とする四種の機械化体系から,の最適体を系選択するための支援するマルチレイヤーGISモデルを開発した.研究の目的は,1年当たり2回の穀物栽培シーズンを持つバングラディシュにおいて,農作物システムの代替案をエネルギーの観点から比較検討する方法を開発することである.GISモデルにより,検討対象とする機械化体系についてエネルギーの存在量,必要量,不足量を推定できる.これと地域情報をマップに埋め込んだマルチレイヤーモデルに,アベニュー・リクエストや空間解析を加えた結果,バングラディシュの全64州について,エネルギー及び動力の利用可能量,必要量と不足量の分布を示すことができた.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4333K) -
塚野 治夫, 小林 智和, 佐藤 俊栄, 荒木 肇, 伊藤 道秋2003 年 38 巻 4 号 p. 237-240
発行日: 2003/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/09
ジャーナル フリーRice seeds were sown in nursery box at a density of 170g/box. The nursery boxes were then set in the greenhouse and covered with plastic film for warming and maintaining high humidity. Young rice seedlings were raised in a conventional system and a flooded nursery production system (flooded system). The plastic film was removed at the 2.5 leaf stage of rice seedling in both systems. In the conventional system, watering was performed every day until the transplanting of rice seedlings, and the side films of the greenhouse opened on fine days and closed on cloudy, rainy and windy days. In the flooded system, water was supplied into flooded pool settled nursery boxes 5 times during the seedling production and the side film opened all day long until transplanting. The soil temperature in the nursery box in flooded system was 1-6°C lower than that in the conventional system. Both seedlings grown through the conventional system and the flooded system had expanded 4.2 leaves on April 30, just before transplanting of rice. However, the seedlings grown through flooded system showed a higher plant length and had more vigorous white roots than those grown through the conventional system. The rice grain yield showed 568kg/10a in the paddy planted flooded seedlings, the same as that for the paddy planted seedlings raised in the conventional system. These results indicate that the flooded system led to reduction in watering and ventilation work.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1125K) -
加藤 克明2003 年 38 巻 4 号 p. 241-246
発行日: 2003/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/09
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, we focus on the reciprocal relation between farm size and the aging of farm operators from the standpoint of securing stable supply of foods. Farm operators aging is advancing very speedy. Between 1990 to 2000, the proportion of the farm population over 65 increased by 8 percentage points, on the other hand, that of operators over 60 increased 22 percentage points. Most farms consist of family farms. Therefore if the farm size is small then aged member has to have responsibility for main farm works. According to the 2000 Census of Agriculture, every farm of any size has at least one farm family member aged 60 years or over who engaged in farm works. In other side, it is hard for each farm less than 3-5 hectares to have at least one operator aged less than 60 who are engaged in farm works mainly. This suggests that it depends on size of farms for grain farming that how many farm operators can follow farm works, or operators less than 60 can replace the aged ones. This means the factors to prevent extension of farm size become the factors to promote aging of farm operators, as well. And then, it becomes important for securing the stable food supply, namely securing operators who play main rolls in grain farming, that we give priority to technology development such as help to extend the farm size, support to develop the advantage of farms in the upper size groups.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (932K) -
中野 丹2003 年 38 巻 4 号 p. 247-252
発行日: 2003/12/15
公開日: 2010/02/09
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (838K)
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