Japanese Journal of Farm Work Research
Online ISSN : 1883-2261
Print ISSN : 0389-1763
ISSN-L : 0389-1763
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Volume 52, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Research paper
  • Development of a Precision Seeder to Shorten Thinning Labor Hours
    Kentaro Matsuo, Mikio Yashiro
    2017 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 57-61
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4035/jsfwr.52.57
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The Two-row seeder has been developed to shorten thinning labor hours for direct seeding vegetable cultivation. In contrast to existing seeders, the Two-row seeder is able to sow seeds with narrow row distance arrangements. Performance tests for the Two-row seeder were conducted using Japanese radish. The effects of thinning labor hours and influence of the weight of crop on sowing of employing the Two-row seeder was evaluated. The seed spacing between the two rows of the Two-row seeder was 19 mm and the row distance of the Two-row seeder was 35 mm. These specifications, simplified and facilitated the seedling thinning process. The thinning labor hours of the Two-row seeder was 2.3 s/hill, 1.9 s/hill shorter than the thinning labor hours of a vacuum-type seeder. The root weight of Japanese radish as a result of using the Two-row seeder at harvest time was 1284 g, and was not found to yield no statistically significant difference to the root weight of other seeders. In conclusion the results demonstrate that the Tow-row seeder can shorten thinning labor hours without decreasing the yield of Japanese radish.
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  • Applicability of Dry Direct-seeding Rice Cultivation using Plowing and Compaction Based on Soil Conditions of Paddy Rice Fields
    Hideaki Kanmuri, Hiroyuki Sekiya, Ryuji Otani
    2017 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 63-75
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4035/jsfwr.52.63
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Observations of soil condition, permeability of soil layers, and water-requirement rates of paddy fields were conducted at 20 paddy rice fields in 5 regions cultivated with compacted or non-compacted dry direct-seeding rice （DSR） cultivation methods to clarify applicable conditions of DSR cultivation using plowing and compaction. Three compacting conditions were set for these test fields: a low-compaction condition with 1 time compaction after seeding, a high-compaction condition with more than 2 compactions after seeding, and a non-compaction condition. Their influence on field water requirements was investigated under three compacting conditions with different degrees of soil layer permeability. Results clarify that DSR cultivation using plowing and compaction can be done easily in paddy fields with a gley soil layer because the water requirement can be reduced to less than the appropriate value of 20 mm/d under even a low-compaction condition. Consideration of the relation between saturated permeability at the soil samples of field surface layer, which were obtained at 3 cm or 5 cm below the field surface and at the deep layer and the water-requirement rate indicated that reduced permeability of the surface layer by high compaction can reduce the water-requirement rate in fields without a low permeability layer. Classification of paddy fields based on a 2×2 matrix diagram according to saturated permeability at a deeper layer and at the surface layer in the field can show the necessity for drainage improvement in a field or for compaction work on the field surface. Such classification presents useful information for the application of DSR in paddy fields, such as compaction work is necessary in fields with high permeability in the deep layer.
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  • Influence of Nursery Soil Mixed with Silicic Acid on Quality of Spring Seedlings of Vegetables
    Haruki Takayanagi, Nishida Takayoshi
    2017 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 77-82
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4035/jsfwr.52.77
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Recently silicic acid has been attracting attention as a highly useful tool for crop production. Although zeolite mainly composed of silicic acid is often used as a part of culture soil, few studies have been reported the effect of silicic acid application on initial growth of vegetables. We examined the influence of zeolite application on spring seedlings of seven vegetables (kidney bean, chile pepper, lettuce, broccoli, cabbage, tomato, and eggplant). The results revealed thickness of the stems, leaf colors, and roots spread of all the vegetables except for lettuce were enhanced by addition of zeolite.
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