【Purpose】　The purpose of this study was to identify the current status and factors associated with nurses’ fall-prevention care implementation and the use of bed-exit alarm with patients.
【Method】　Anonymous self-administered survey questionnaires were mailed to nurses working at consented general hospitals.　The nurse respondents were asked about their background, and to evaluate how they use bed-exit alarms and how they implement fall prevention care for patients using bed-exit alarms.　This study was approved by the National Center for Global Health and Medicine Ethics Committee.
　【Results and Discussion】　We collected 1,304 responses.　The majority of nurse respondents reported that they implemented a variety of fall prevention care, but the frequency of implementation varied between different types of care.　Multivariate analysis showed that the fall prevention care had been likely to be implemented if nurses have fall prevention manual documented with entry and exit criteria of the use of bed-exit alarms, and if nurses have taken fall prevention training courses.

Objective:This study aimed to quantify and evaluate the effects of public hospital restructuring on management performance.
Methods: Data for a three-year period (including one year before and after the year of public hospital integration) were obtained from Local Public Enterprises Statistical Yearbooks for analysis. Changes before and after hospital integration were statistically analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Improvements in management performance were evaluated using the medical revenue-expense ratio, current account balance ratio, and physician numbers.
Results: The analysis was conducted using 18 hospitals. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed that public hospital integration was followed by significant improvements in the medical revenue-expense ratio and current account balance ratio, but no significant changes in physician numbers were observed.
Discussion: This study showed that hospital restructuring was able to improve management performance with increases in the medical revenue-expense ratio and current account balance ratio. Although hospital restructuring did not result in higher physician numbers, it may have contributed to the alleviation of physician workload by reducing the numbers of daily inpatients and outpatients per physician.