民族衛生
Online ISSN : 1882-868X
Print ISSN : 0368-9395
ISSN-L : 0368-9395
20 巻, 5-6 号
選択された号の論文の4件中1~4を表示しています
  • 金光 浩治
    1953 年 20 巻 5-6 号 p. 95-108,A1
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2010/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    A demographic survey was carried out by questionaire for all employees and their families (192, 499 persons in total) in Tokyo as of 195, On the basis of the data of population and deaths thus collected, abridged life tables were constructed for the whole population surveyed and two subgroups of them according to their residence, urban or rural.
    As indices of health for all ages and age groups the following figures derived from the life tables may be given:
    The e0, (63.0 years) for males and that (67.9 years) for females, are superior to those for all Japanese and other populations in some occupations. This superiority of the average length of life is due to low mortalities in all age groups except for old people above 55 years.
    The e0 for the employees and their families living in urban districts is slightly longer than that for those living in rural districts, due mainly to lower mortality of small children.
    Applying the life tables thus obtained, population dynamics were studied, the summarized results being as follows:
    The average length of labor years from the age at employment to that of retirement (55 years) is as follows:
    As cause of deaths the first wg, s senility, intracranial vascular lesions, neoplasmas, tuberculosis being in the rank order.
    Due to tuberculosis the average length of life at birth was reduced by 1.19 years for both sexes.
  • 附田 鎭厦
    1953 年 20 巻 5-6 号 p. 109-117,A2
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2010/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    最近(1950~1952)における日本人の身長につき全国的な成入資料により,地理的,社会的生活環境の分析による研究の結果,次の如9き.所見を得た.1.日本人の身長は,都市に次いで漁村に高く,農村と山村に低い.男性は前者において,161cm前後を示し,後者は161cm以下にあり,李均1cm以上の差がある.女性においても同様,町や漁村は農山村より約1cm高い.
    2.小都市(町)と漁村は,略近似した高身長であり,農村と山村は近似して低いが,山村は最も低い.
    3.これを総合した現存日本人の身長は男で160.43cm,女で149.13cmとなり,アジア人種の中でも中等よりやや低身長に属する.
    即ちジヤワ島人よりはやや高いが,その他の中国,朝鮮,蒙古,ピルマ,シヤム,ネバール,印度等の人種より低い.
    4.都市と農山村の身長の差は,淘汰的要素も考えられるが,環境的,生活的要因がより大きく作用していることが認められる。これは,漁村民と農山村民の比較において確証された.
    5.身長は,同一地方においても,地域によつて確差を有する例が多いが,その中には淘汰的遺伝的要因が見られる.
    6.環境や社会的生活の改善によつて,現今の農山村民の身長は小都市や漁村並の身長には容易に増長される可能性があると考えられる.
    7.対馬島民の身長は,懸隔して高い.これは主として種族差によるものと認められる.
  • 日比野 佳典
    1953 年 20 巻 5-6 号 p. 118-136,A2
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2010/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The following results have been obtained by examining the so-called “Developmental Curve” which was drawn in applying Hirata's physical judging method to the states of physical development of 706 boys and 727 girls of primary and middle schools in Seto City, Aichi Prefecture, from their first year in the primary School to the present.
    1. Six cases in boys and three cases in girls were left out of consideration, as their Developmental Curves were found to be quite mysterious when examined in detail. Errors in height, weight, and girth of chest which are supposed to have come from inexactness in implements, errorneous reading of graduations, lack of training in measuring techniques or carelessness in recording or transcribing were sometimes discovered. Those in girth of chest were particularly remarkable (boys: 13.3%, girls: 9%).
    2. When plain errors were corrected and the Developmental Curve of each individual closely examined, it was found that 55.4% of Height D. Curves (D. short for “Developmental ”), 71.4% of Height-Weight D. Curves and 65.4% of Height-Chest D. Curves in the case of boys, and 62% of Height D. Curves; 62.7% of. Height-Weight D. Curves and 59.9% of Height-Chest D. Curves in the case of girls run nearly parallel with standard D. Curves of Height, Height-Weight and Height-Chest.
    3. It was made clear on investigating* changes in the physical type that those who develop very rapidly in height are more numerous than those who delay in it (odds of 26.8% for boys and 12.4% for girls), and that most of the boys and girls grow up without causing a marked change in the degree of stoutness or thinness and the degree of wideness or narrowness of the chest (91.6% and 87.3% for boys and 90.3% and 83.7% for girls). This means that the physical type which existed in one's lower school days continues in most cases without much alteration till the time of one's graduation from the middle school. Therefore, the idea that, if only one's height developmen is normal, the degree of stoutness or thinness and that of wideness or narrowness of the chest are of no importance, is inappropriate.
    4. When one develops rapidly in height, it has been found that one tends to become stout and of wide chest rather than thin and narrow-chested.
    5. So-called delicate health is found to be frequent among school children with retarded physical development, or with abnormal physical development; and those of abnormal physical constitution have a strong tendency to become thin and of narrow chest.
    6. The undesirable effects of ceramics, the main industry of Seto City, upon the health are very remarkable, and the physiques of children, though being gradually improvedsi nce the endo f the war, yet havea tendenctyo thin typea nd narrowc hest, which makes vigorous guidance and assistance much to be desired.
    7. In a word, it is absolutely necessary for us to draw up Developmental Curve by Hirata's physical judging method, for it not only furnishes us with data concerning the degree of jphysical development, and the present state and progress of physiques of school children and enables us to give them effective guidance for bodily development, but also makes it easy for us to find errors in measuring and recording.
  • 1954 年 20 巻 5-6 号 p. 137-141
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2011/02/18
    ジャーナル フリー
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