Japanese Journal of Health and Human Ecology

Blood Pressure in Squatting Posture

Ryuko INOUE

1974 Volume 40 Issue 1 Pages 1-12
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3861/jshhe.40.1

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Blood pressure as an indicator for health supervision is frequently used in fi eldsfo industrial and community health. Considering the specific factors in daily life of the Japanese, blood pressure in squatting posture with abdominal pressure is specially interested. The present study was made to add some available information as to the behaviour of changes in blood pressure due to postural change for the assessment of health control programme for the Japanese. Seven hundred and f ortyifive adults working at a department-store and belonging to a nursing home were investigated on blood pressure in order to study fluctuation due to postural change from sitting to squatting. Eighty workers from the group of the department-store were also examined for the variation of blood pressure under the condition of abdominal pressure in addition to postural change. Data obtained were classified and analyzed in terms of sex, age, obesity, and maximum and minimum blood pressure by means of regression analysis. The results reached were as follows: 1) In the squatting posture, maximum and minimum blood pressure increased with statistically significant difference in both sexes, as compared with those in the sitting posture. Through regression analysis, the grade of regression was found as high in case of the minimum blood pressure among obese middle- and older-aged persons either in regression coefficient or regression line. 2) Values of blood pressure showed a tendency to increase in the order of sitting, squatting, and squatting with abdominal pressure. 3) Values of blood pressure in squatting posture with abdominal pressure showed a remarkable increase in comparison with blood pressure in sitting posture. A regression analysis revealed that grade of the regression was particularly high in case of obesity group both in regression coefficient and regression line.

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Vital Capacity (with Vitalor) and Peak Flow Rate (Wright's) of Inlanders

1. Prediction Formulas and their Application to School Children

Minoru NAGATA, Tatsuro SHIOZAKI

1974 Volume 40 Issue 1 Pages 13-21
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: October 21, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3861/jshhe.40.13

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Mass examination of pulmonary function was carried out with 5, 345 children of elementary and middle schools in Gunma Prefecture, and from the results, prediction formula for the normal values of fast vital capacity (FVC) measured with the vitalor, peak flow rate (PFR) measured with Wright's peak flow meter were obtained. The prediction formula for FVC and PFR, as classified by sex, were obtained by two methods : Multiple regression equations between FVC and PFR on one hand and age and height on the other, and by regression equations between index for predicted vital capacity (FVC ml/height cm) and that for PFR (PFR 1/min./height cm) on one hand age on the other. The followings are the main findings : 1) Prediction formula for FVC for males, aged 7-12 years Y =22.83 × age+39.18 × height-3473.9 ...............(multiple regression equation formula) Y = (3.930+ 1.117 × age) × height ...................... (index for pred. formula) for females, aged 7-14 years Y =170.80 × age+ 14.63 × height-1749.0 ............... (MREF) Y = (1.582+ 1.248 × age) × height ...................... (IPFVC) (Y=estimated value of FVC, ml. Age is in years & height in cm) 2) Prediction formula for PFR for males, aged 7-12 years Y=8.2 × age+4.5 × height-411.7 ........................(MREF) Y = (0.422+ 0.163 × age) × height ...................... (IPPFR) for females, aged 7-14 years Y =3.5 × age+5.6 × height-530.0..... .................. (MREF) Y = (0.232+ 0.165 × age) × height ..................... (IPPFR) (Y =estimated value of PFR, 1/min.) 3) Comparison of the present results with the data for coastal inhabitants previously published by other institutions revealed that the former tended to be lower than the latter for younger group, aged 7-8 and 9 years. 4) The regression line obtained with the multiple regression equation was found better comf orming, than that of the formula for FVC index, to the scatter diagram between height and FVC for definite age range. As the consequence, the authers want to recommed the multiple regression equation for obtaining the predicition formula.

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Different Methods of Infant Feeding and the Growth of Head in Inf ants and Children : With the Special Reference to Brachycephalization of Artificially Fed Children

Akio SHIMADA

1974 Volume 40 Issue 1 Pages 21-36
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3861/jshhe.40.21

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Cross sectional investigation on the growth of head were examined in Sendai in 1969. Examinees were divided into three groups by the different methods of infant feeding, such as 1) breast feeding. 2) mixed feeding of breast and artificial, and 3) artificial feeding. The total number of the examinees were 2, 796. Their age groups were four month-, three year-, five year-, ten year- and twelve year-ages of both sexes. These data were analyzed and discussed by the epidemiological procedures. The results are as follows 1) Four months artificially fed male infants showed significantly smaller value than breast fed male infants (p<0.05) in height, weight and girth of chest. No significant differences were observed in other groups on these items. 2) Four months breast fed infants showed larger value in girth of head than artificially fed infants in male (p<0.0001). Girth of head of artificially fed female children showed rather smaller value than breast fed children, and there were significant differences in three years and five years children (p<0.05). 3) Head length of artificially fed children showed smaller value than breast fed children in every age groups of both sexes, and the significant differences were shown in the groups of four months and ten years of male (p<0.05). Head width of artificially fed children showed rather wider values than breast fed children. However, significant differences were observed only in twelve year-age of male (p<0.05). Mixed fed children showed in-termediate value between these two groups in the items of head length and width. 4) Significant correlation was not observed between the methods of infant feeding and the results of intelligence test.

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